Biologi Tanah
Biologi Tanah
Biologi Tanah
Hewan
Cendawan (jamuR)
- Fungi Ragi
Cendawan benang
Tumbuhan
- Actinomycetes,
banyak jenisnya
Aerobik Aututrofik
- Bakteri
Anaerobik Heterotrofik
Aproximate Numbers of Organism Commonly
Found in Soils a)
Nematodes 50 - 200
Combination with Cements soil particles into structural units called Permits exchange of gases
clay minerals aggregates Stabilizes structure
Increases permeability
Chelation Forms stable complexes with Cu 2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, May enhance the availability of micronutrients to high
and other polyvalent cations plants
Solubility in water Insolubility of organic matter is because of its Little organic matter is lost in leaching
association with clay. Also, salts of divalent and
trivalent cations with organic matter are insoluble.
Isolated organic matter is partly soluble in water
Buffer action Organic matter exhibits buffering in slighly acid, Helps to maintain a uniform reaction in the soil
neutral, and alkaline ranges
Cation exchange Total acidities of isolated fractions of humus May increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of
range from 300 to 1400 cmol/kg the soil. From 20 to 70% of the CEC of many soils (e.g.,
Mollisols) is caused by organic matter)
Mineralization Decomposition of organic matter yields CO 2, A source of nutrient elements for plants growth
NH4+, NO3-, PO34-, and SO24-
Combines with Affects bioactivity, persistence and Modifies application rate of pesticides for effective
organic molecules biodegradability of pesticides control
Estimated Number and Biomass of Soil Animals
and Microorganism in Surface Horizons
Organisms Abundance Biomass
(per meter3) (per gram) (Kg/HFS)
Soil animals
Mikro Flora
Tanah
Pemakan Mikrofilik dan Karnifor sbg
Konsumen Sekunder dan Tertier
Pemakan Mikrofilik Karnifor
Konsumen Sekunder Konsumen Tertier
Organisme Mikroflora Predator Mangsa Predator Mangsa
dimakan
Algae Springtail Laba-laba
Bakteri Tungau Nematoda Semut Sentipoda
Fungi Enchytracida Kalajengking
Tungau
Fungi Springtail Laba-laba
Algae Nematoda Sentipoda Tungau
Lumut Sentipeda Keong Sentipoda
Bekicot
Bakteri dan Aplied Laba-laba
Protozoa Mikroflora lain Lalat Kumbang Tungau
Kumbang
Nematoda Bakteri Cerucut Cacing tanah
fungi Serangga
Tabel Biomassa Kelompok Binatang
Tanah
Kelompok Biomassa (g/m2)
Organisme
Pdg Rumput Oak Spruce
Mikrofauna