India being a diverse country with varied ethnic groups and phytogeography the preference of wild... more India being a diverse country with varied ethnic groups and phytogeography the preference of wild edibles their occurrence also varied greatly in different regions. One of the major problems of today's world is food security. Therefore focus on wild edible plants would definitely be an important breakthrough at the same time it would also promote the economic upliftment of the tribal society. There has been no record of wild edible plants of KWLS. Study of wild edible uses of plants can further be explored in detail for sustainable utilization and development of alternate food source. A total of 85 plant species have been documented belonging to 42 families with edible values. In the present study, the UV ranged between 0.42 and 1.33. Out of 85 wild edibles studies 65 species showed Rfc value above 0.5 indicating the wide acceptance of plants as wild edibles. Adenanthera pavonina and Glinus oppositifolius as wild edible showed the lowest Rfc value indicating its low credibility as wild edible, whereas Solena amplexicaulis, Passiflora edulis, Cordia dichotoma and Briedelia retusa were highly sought after as food source. Keeping the idea of food security in mind these plants should be furthered be studied as low cost nutrients alternatives. Proper awareness and promotion is required for introduction of these vegetables in markets which would improve the livelihood of the locals.
DOI: 10.21276/haya.2018.3.4.5 Abstract: The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proxi... more DOI: 10.21276/haya.2018.3.4.5 Abstract: The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn), simultaneous quantification of water soluble vitamins (like ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine & folic acid) by HPLC of three different grasses viz. Cynodon dactylon, Apluda mutica and Eleusin indica. The result showed the highest calorific value of C. dactylon (124.031 ± 1.154 kcal/100g) which was also found to contain highest amount of protein and carbohydrate. An appreciable quantity of carbohydrate was estimated in the aerial parts of E. indica (17.762 ± 0.122%). E. indica had the highest potassium content (2.207 ± 0.006 mg/g) and calcium content (6.023 ± 0.002 mg/g). The sodium content ranged between 0.049 – 0.289 mg/g. The aerial parts of E. indica (274.945 ± 0.085 mg/100g) contained a very good amount of vitamin C. The water soluble B vitamin content in these plants under inv...
Dandy ex Hutch. & Dalziel Cyperaceae 10. Asystasia ganjetica (L.) T.Anderson Acanthaceae 11. Enhy... more Dandy ex Hutch. & Dalziel Cyperaceae 10. Asystasia ganjetica (L.) T.Anderson Acanthaceae 11. Enhydra fluctuans Lour. Asteraceae 12. Oldenlandia corymbosa Aiton Rubiaceae 13. Heliotropium indicum L. Boraginaceae 14. Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-Hil. Amaranthaceae 15. Amaranthus viridis L. Amaranthaceae 16. Cleome rutidosperma DC. Cleomaceae Folklore elucidates the use of plants in treating several diseases like diabetes, arthritis, wound, cancer and tumors. All these diseases are related to the imbalance of ROS antioxidant molecules in our body. Sir George Watt in his dictionary has included various herbs used in traditional treatment of various diseases. A. mutica was recognized by Watt as a fodder grass but later literatures report its use in mouth sores and dysentery. Leaves of C. trifolia are consumed as vegetable and also as poultice on ulcer and wounds. It is also reported to have antidiabetic property. C. compressus is reported as a fodder grass in the Economic products of India, present studies on the ethnomedicinal properties of this plant states its use on cuts and wounds and the rhizome as vegetable. The seeds of E. indica are well known scarcity food; the whole plant also has a wide array of folklore medicinal uses which were not recognized in his work. M. rugosus is a common low lying herb which is used as vegetable and also has several ethnomedicinal applications which are not widely recognized. A. capillus-veneris is a common pteridophyte of tropical parts of India, which is used as tea substitute in bronchial affections. M. micrantha is a known invasive alien species of India which was not included in his work, but several literatures suggest its use in diabetis, rheumatism and as vegetables. Current survey of literatures indicated a broad spectrum use of K. nemoralis as diuretic, in hepatopathy, as anthelmintic but Watt recorded its use only as ~ iii ~ poison antidote. A. ganjetica is a common wild edible and also used widely as a medicine in diabetes, but it was overlooked in the work by Sir George Watt. Therefore such plants with medicinal as well as food values are of immense importance in promoting health. Free radicals are associated with the occurrence of several diseases like diabetes, autoimmune disorders, hypertension etc. The synthetic antioxidants, though effective but chronic use results in several side effects. To overcome the deleterious effects of synthetic antioxidants there is an upsurge in the search of natural plant based antioxidant compounds. Plants synthesized aromatic substances have also been evaluated for their therapeutic potential. These include polyphenols and flavonoids and are well known and well documented for their antioxidant properties. Screening of plants for antioxidant properties is a preliminary step towards identifying and isolating new bioactive molecules for therapeutic uses. Antioxidants are essential for disease prevention and to promote good health. An easier approach to this is to supplement functional foods with antioxidants is increasing. Therefore the benefits of antioxidant enriched diets are gradually been recognized and their demands are increasing each year as more and more people are realizing the importance of a diet rich in antioxidants in prevention of diseases. The plants that are selected for the study are commonly growing and easily available and are recognized in various literatures and also recorded by Sir George Watt as source of food or fodder. Out of these sixteen species targeted for the present work, A. paronychioides, M. micrantha, C. rutidosperma, A. ganjetica and M. rugosus has not been reported by Watt. At the same time, stray documentations are noted in literatures for these species and hence are considered here to study their scope as potential source for antioxidant compound and as a source of nutraceuticals. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional attributes of these plants in terms of proximal characters, mineral content and content of water soluble vitamins. At the same time antioxidant capacities were also studied in terms of total antioxidant capacity, and quatitative and qualitative estimation of phytonutrients especially the phenolic acids and flavonoids. The study would help to correlate the phytonutrients present with ethnomedicinal claims of the plants. The nutritional parameters evaluated included the proximal analysis, mineral analysis and RP-HPLC based analysis of water soluble vitamin content.All the plant had moisture content ranging from 50-89%. The relatively high moisture contents reveal that the studied leafy vegetables need care for appropriate preservation as they are more liable tomicrobial ~ iv ~ degradation. These plants would also have greater activity of water soluble enzymes because of their high moisture content.All theselectedplantshadsignificant ash content which indicates their richness in minerals. These values indicate towards the fact that these wild species may be considered as good sources of minerals.Fibre content showed a wide range of variation ranging between 4-24%. Food fibres are advantageous in increasing dietary bulk due to their ability to absorb water therefore easing the intestinal transit. A. aspera had the highest ash content followed by that in K. nemoralis. The maximum carbohydrate content in the studied plants was observed in K. nemoralis(20.32 %). A. capillus-veneris, A. viridis, C. compressus and E. indicaall had a carbohydrate content ranging between 17-20%. The recommended carbohydrate values for children and adults are 130 g. It implied that 3.84 to 14.61 % of the daily requirement could be reached when 100 g of these dried plants are consumed.In general the studied plant had a lower protein content ranging between 3-15% as compared to their carbohydrate content and almost similar to the values of some underutilized green leafy vegetables reported in different study. Maximum protein content was observed in C. rutidosperma whereas A. mutica had the lowest amount of protein. The total fat content ranged between 0.84-3.88 % in these plants, which was in congruence to the findings of many works surmised that leafy vegetables are poor sources of lipids. The results obtained from the calorific value showed significantly higher energy content in A. capillus-veneris(150.35 kcal/100g) followed by that of A. viridis(148.51kcal/100g) as compared to the others. C. rutidosprema(124.42kcal/100g) also showed considerable calorific value.The macro-minerals analyzed included Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Calcium (Ca) and the micro-minerals analyzed included Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn)and Manganese (Mn). A. capillus-veneris was found to contain maximum amount of Ca, Mg, and Zn. O. corymbosa was found to be rich in Na and E. fluctuans in K content. Cu, Mn and Fe content were maximum in M. micrantha. Water soluble vitamins analyzed included ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9). An analysis of water soluble vitamins shows that presence of vitamin B2, B6 and B9 is ubiquitous in all studied plant samples. E. indica had the maximum amount of vitamin C (274.94 mg/100 g plant material), B1 (0.88 mg/100 g plant material), B2 (9.77 mg/100 g plant material), B6 (12.93 mg/100 g plant material) and B9 (1.00 mg/100 g plant material). C. trifolia had maximum amount of vitamin B5 (9.50mg/100 g plant material) which is found in 5 out of 16 plants studied. A. paronichioides chad maximum amount of vitamin B3 (1.92mg/100 g plant material).M. micrantha also contained good amount of vitamin C.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like asc... more The objective of the present study was to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) in an ethno-medicinally edible plant Mazus pumilus Burm.f. by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out in different solvent system of varying polarity. The 70% Aqueous (Aq.) ethanol was appeared to be the most potent solvent for extraction of antioxidant components. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found 65.640 ± 0.130mg/g dm (dry mass) and 18.877 ± 0.070mg/g dm respectively in the plant. The estimation of phenolic acids, polyphenolics in the 70 % aq. ethanol extract was also carried out by HPLC method. The water soluble B vitamins ranged between 0.072 to 5.632 mg/100g dm. The results confirm that this ethno medicinally important plant is a good source of natural antioxidants which could be used...
The present study makes an effort to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic... more The present study makes an effort to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) by HPLC of Cyperus compressus. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out in different solvent system of varying polarity. The 70% ethanol appeared to be the most potent solvent for extraction of antioxidant compounds. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found 72.544 ± 0.144 mg/g dm and 12.930 ± 0.144 mg/g dm respectively in the plant. Simultaneous HPLC fingerprinting of some standard phenolic acids and flavonoids in the 70 % aqueous ethanol extract was also carried out. B vitamins ranged between 0.028 to 0.431 mg/100g dm. The results confirm that this annual sedge is an excellent source of antioxidant- based phytonutrients, which could be used for the good of human being at the same time it can be used as a vitamin supplement to our diet. The study also pro...
Evaluation of Selected Invasive Alien Species via Bioprospecting as Potential Sources of Food Supplements
Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 2019
The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, ... more The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg and Zn), simultaneous quantification of water soluble vitamins (ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine and folic acid) by HPLC of five different invasive alien species (IAS) viz. Alternanthera paronychioides, Cleome rutidosperma, Mikania micrantha, Pilea microphylla and Scoparia dulcis. The results showed the highest calorific value of C. rutidosperma (124.22±0.58 kcal/100g) which was also found to contain highest amount of crude protein (15.80±0.12%). An appreciable quantity of carbohydrate was estimated in the leaves of S. dulcis (13.91±0.13%) and A. paronychioides (13.61±0.22%). A. paronychioides had the highest potassium content (3.92±0.003 mg/g) and calcium content (5.90±0.01 mg/g). The sodium content ranged between 0.071–0.125 mg/g. The leaves of M. micrantha (152.25±0.03 mg/100g) contained a very good amount of vitamin C. The water soluble B vitamin content in these plants under investigation ranged between 0.014 to 2.457 mg/100g. The results indicate that these invasive alien species can be utilized as food supplement.
The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of s... more The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of six underutilized wild edible plants viz. Ipomoea aquatica, Achyranthes aspera, Aasystasia ganjetica, Enhydra fluctuans, Oldenlandia corymbosa and Amaranthus viridis that are commonly consumed as food in the India The antioxidant properties of the plants were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, metal chelating activity, lipid peroxidation assay, estimation of total phenolic content and flavonoids content in different solvent extraction system like benzene, chloroform, methanol and 70% aqueous (aq.) ethanol. The quantitation of phenolic acids and flavonoids and
For the Gesneriaceae of India the consequences of revised generic circumscriptions and the new cl... more For the Gesneriaceae of India the consequences of revised generic circumscriptions and the new classification based on molecular phylogenetic work are summarised and outlined. An identification key, genus descriptions and some considerations on the biogeographic distribution of the genera in India are provided. The current genus count in India is 23, with Briggsia Craib having disappeared and Cyrtandromoea Zoll. being excluded from Gesneriaceae. The Indian species formerly included in Boea Comm. ex Lam. and Paraboea (C.B. Clarke) Ridl. are now included in Dorcoceras Bunge and Middletonia C. Puglisi, respectively. Oreocharis Benth. is newly recorded for India due to the transfer of Briggsia muscicola (Diels) Craib to Oreocharis. The Indian genera are from both tribes of subfamily Didymocarpoideae, namely Epithemateae and Trichosporeae. The genera are represented in three out of four subtribes of tribe Epithemateae and six out of ten subtribes in tribe Trichosporeae, thus, in total the Indian genera are represented in nine out of fourteen subtribes in the subfamily Didymocarpoideae. Subtribe Jerdoniinae is endemic to India. This high level of diversity underlines the biogeographical and historical importance of India for the family Gesneriaceae.
Didymocarpus punduanus Wall. ex R. Br. was originally described based on collection of F. de Sylv... more Didymocarpus punduanus Wall. ex R. Br. was originally described based on collection of F. de Sylva (Wallich Cat. num. list no. 777) from India (Meghalaya) in Cyrtandreae (Brown,1839). Later its distribution was further recorded from Sikkim and Assam. The plant is distinguished by its herbaceous habit, with 3-4 leaves in whorls and the inflorescence being subtended by 2 minute sessile leaves. Flowers purple in sub-umbellate cymes. Another species of Didymocarpus, D. pulcher C.B. Clarke appears closely allied to the former. D. pulchrus ("pulcher") was separated as a distinct group based on two collections from Sikkim by Griffith and Hook.f. (Clarke, 1883), further distributed to Bhutan and China. The same plant was earlier described by Clarke as D. subalternans in Commelynaceae et Cyrtandraceae bengalenses (1874), and was replaced as D. pulchrus
Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin (Vitaceae) is perennial climber with wide array of ethnomedicinal us... more Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin (Vitaceae) is perennial climber with wide array of ethnomedicinal uses. The present study was focussed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the plant in different solvent extracts viz. 70% ethanol, methanol, chloroform and benzene, along with HPLC based identification and quantification of the phenolic acids and flavonoids. The results indicated that 70% ethanol extract was the most potent solvent for extraction of total phenolics which decreased with decreasing polarity. the phenolic content ranged between 42.200 ± 0.196 GAE/ g dry mass in 70% ethanol to 14.872 ± 0.370 GAE/ g dry mass in benzene. ABTS radical scavenging activity of 27.752 ± 0.26%/ g dry mass was observed in 70% ethanol. The HPLC analysis confirmed the presence rutin (6.077 ± 0.001 mg/ 100g dry mass), naringin (1.078 ± 0.005 mg/ 100g dry mass), syringic acid, ferulic acid and others. The present study validates the ethnomedicinal use of the plant and also indicates the need of further study designed for maximum utilization of the same in a more practical and commercial way.
India being a diverse country with varied ethnic groups and phytogeography the preference of wild... more India being a diverse country with varied ethnic groups and phytogeography the preference of wild edibles their occurrence also varied greatly in different regions. One of the major problems of today's world is food security. Therefore focus on wild edible plants would definitely be an important breakthrough at the same time it would also promote the economic upliftment of the tribal society. There has been no record of wild edible plants of KWLS. Study of wild edible uses of plants can further be explored in detail for sustainable utilization and development of alternate food source. A total of 85 plant species have been documented belonging to 42 families with edible values. In the present study, the UV ranged between 0.42 and 1.33. Out of 85 wild edibles studies 65 species showed Rfc value above 0.5 indicating the wide acceptance of plants as wild edibles. Adenanthera pavonina and Glinus oppositifolius as wild edible showed the lowest Rfc value indicating its low credibility as wild edible, whereas Solena amplexicaulis, Passiflora edulis, Cordia dichotoma and Briedelia retusa were highly sought after as food source. Keeping the idea of food security in mind these plants should be furthered be studied as low cost nutrients alternatives. Proper awareness and promotion is required for introduction of these vegetables in markets which would improve the livelihood of the locals.
DOI: 10.21276/haya.2018.3.4.5 Abstract: The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proxi... more DOI: 10.21276/haya.2018.3.4.5 Abstract: The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn), simultaneous quantification of water soluble vitamins (like ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine & folic acid) by HPLC of three different grasses viz. Cynodon dactylon, Apluda mutica and Eleusin indica. The result showed the highest calorific value of C. dactylon (124.031 ± 1.154 kcal/100g) which was also found to contain highest amount of protein and carbohydrate. An appreciable quantity of carbohydrate was estimated in the aerial parts of E. indica (17.762 ± 0.122%). E. indica had the highest potassium content (2.207 ± 0.006 mg/g) and calcium content (6.023 ± 0.002 mg/g). The sodium content ranged between 0.049 – 0.289 mg/g. The aerial parts of E. indica (274.945 ± 0.085 mg/100g) contained a very good amount of vitamin C. The water soluble B vitamin content in these plants under inv...
Dandy ex Hutch. & Dalziel Cyperaceae 10. Asystasia ganjetica (L.) T.Anderson Acanthaceae 11. Enhy... more Dandy ex Hutch. & Dalziel Cyperaceae 10. Asystasia ganjetica (L.) T.Anderson Acanthaceae 11. Enhydra fluctuans Lour. Asteraceae 12. Oldenlandia corymbosa Aiton Rubiaceae 13. Heliotropium indicum L. Boraginaceae 14. Alternanthera paronychioides A.St.-Hil. Amaranthaceae 15. Amaranthus viridis L. Amaranthaceae 16. Cleome rutidosperma DC. Cleomaceae Folklore elucidates the use of plants in treating several diseases like diabetes, arthritis, wound, cancer and tumors. All these diseases are related to the imbalance of ROS antioxidant molecules in our body. Sir George Watt in his dictionary has included various herbs used in traditional treatment of various diseases. A. mutica was recognized by Watt as a fodder grass but later literatures report its use in mouth sores and dysentery. Leaves of C. trifolia are consumed as vegetable and also as poultice on ulcer and wounds. It is also reported to have antidiabetic property. C. compressus is reported as a fodder grass in the Economic products of India, present studies on the ethnomedicinal properties of this plant states its use on cuts and wounds and the rhizome as vegetable. The seeds of E. indica are well known scarcity food; the whole plant also has a wide array of folklore medicinal uses which were not recognized in his work. M. rugosus is a common low lying herb which is used as vegetable and also has several ethnomedicinal applications which are not widely recognized. A. capillus-veneris is a common pteridophyte of tropical parts of India, which is used as tea substitute in bronchial affections. M. micrantha is a known invasive alien species of India which was not included in his work, but several literatures suggest its use in diabetis, rheumatism and as vegetables. Current survey of literatures indicated a broad spectrum use of K. nemoralis as diuretic, in hepatopathy, as anthelmintic but Watt recorded its use only as ~ iii ~ poison antidote. A. ganjetica is a common wild edible and also used widely as a medicine in diabetes, but it was overlooked in the work by Sir George Watt. Therefore such plants with medicinal as well as food values are of immense importance in promoting health. Free radicals are associated with the occurrence of several diseases like diabetes, autoimmune disorders, hypertension etc. The synthetic antioxidants, though effective but chronic use results in several side effects. To overcome the deleterious effects of synthetic antioxidants there is an upsurge in the search of natural plant based antioxidant compounds. Plants synthesized aromatic substances have also been evaluated for their therapeutic potential. These include polyphenols and flavonoids and are well known and well documented for their antioxidant properties. Screening of plants for antioxidant properties is a preliminary step towards identifying and isolating new bioactive molecules for therapeutic uses. Antioxidants are essential for disease prevention and to promote good health. An easier approach to this is to supplement functional foods with antioxidants is increasing. Therefore the benefits of antioxidant enriched diets are gradually been recognized and their demands are increasing each year as more and more people are realizing the importance of a diet rich in antioxidants in prevention of diseases. The plants that are selected for the study are commonly growing and easily available and are recognized in various literatures and also recorded by Sir George Watt as source of food or fodder. Out of these sixteen species targeted for the present work, A. paronychioides, M. micrantha, C. rutidosperma, A. ganjetica and M. rugosus has not been reported by Watt. At the same time, stray documentations are noted in literatures for these species and hence are considered here to study their scope as potential source for antioxidant compound and as a source of nutraceuticals. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional attributes of these plants in terms of proximal characters, mineral content and content of water soluble vitamins. At the same time antioxidant capacities were also studied in terms of total antioxidant capacity, and quatitative and qualitative estimation of phytonutrients especially the phenolic acids and flavonoids. The study would help to correlate the phytonutrients present with ethnomedicinal claims of the plants. The nutritional parameters evaluated included the proximal analysis, mineral analysis and RP-HPLC based analysis of water soluble vitamin content.All the plant had moisture content ranging from 50-89%. The relatively high moisture contents reveal that the studied leafy vegetables need care for appropriate preservation as they are more liable tomicrobial ~ iv ~ degradation. These plants would also have greater activity of water soluble enzymes because of their high moisture content.All theselectedplantshadsignificant ash content which indicates their richness in minerals. These values indicate towards the fact that these wild species may be considered as good sources of minerals.Fibre content showed a wide range of variation ranging between 4-24%. Food fibres are advantageous in increasing dietary bulk due to their ability to absorb water therefore easing the intestinal transit. A. aspera had the highest ash content followed by that in K. nemoralis. The maximum carbohydrate content in the studied plants was observed in K. nemoralis(20.32 %). A. capillus-veneris, A. viridis, C. compressus and E. indicaall had a carbohydrate content ranging between 17-20%. The recommended carbohydrate values for children and adults are 130 g. It implied that 3.84 to 14.61 % of the daily requirement could be reached when 100 g of these dried plants are consumed.In general the studied plant had a lower protein content ranging between 3-15% as compared to their carbohydrate content and almost similar to the values of some underutilized green leafy vegetables reported in different study. Maximum protein content was observed in C. rutidosperma whereas A. mutica had the lowest amount of protein. The total fat content ranged between 0.84-3.88 % in these plants, which was in congruence to the findings of many works surmised that leafy vegetables are poor sources of lipids. The results obtained from the calorific value showed significantly higher energy content in A. capillus-veneris(150.35 kcal/100g) followed by that of A. viridis(148.51kcal/100g) as compared to the others. C. rutidosprema(124.42kcal/100g) also showed considerable calorific value.The macro-minerals analyzed included Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) and Calcium (Ca) and the micro-minerals analyzed included Magnesium (Mg), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn)and Manganese (Mn). A. capillus-veneris was found to contain maximum amount of Ca, Mg, and Zn. O. corymbosa was found to be rich in Na and E. fluctuans in K content. Cu, Mn and Fe content were maximum in M. micrantha. Water soluble vitamins analyzed included ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9). An analysis of water soluble vitamins shows that presence of vitamin B2, B6 and B9 is ubiquitous in all studied plant samples. E. indica had the maximum amount of vitamin C (274.94 mg/100 g plant material), B1 (0.88 mg/100 g plant material), B2 (9.77 mg/100 g plant material), B6 (12.93 mg/100 g plant material) and B9 (1.00 mg/100 g plant material). C. trifolia had maximum amount of vitamin B5 (9.50mg/100 g plant material) which is found in 5 out of 16 plants studied. A. paronichioides chad maximum amount of vitamin B3 (1.92mg/100 g plant material).M. micrantha also contained good amount of vitamin C.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like asc... more The objective of the present study was to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) in an ethno-medicinally edible plant Mazus pumilus Burm.f. by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out in different solvent system of varying polarity. The 70% Aqueous (Aq.) ethanol was appeared to be the most potent solvent for extraction of antioxidant components. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found 65.640 ± 0.130mg/g dm (dry mass) and 18.877 ± 0.070mg/g dm respectively in the plant. The estimation of phenolic acids, polyphenolics in the 70 % aq. ethanol extract was also carried out by HPLC method. The water soluble B vitamins ranged between 0.072 to 5.632 mg/100g dm. The results confirm that this ethno medicinally important plant is a good source of natural antioxidants which could be used...
The present study makes an effort to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic... more The present study makes an effort to evaluate the content of water-soluble vitamins like ascorbic acid (C), thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid (B9) by HPLC of Cyperus compressus. The in vitro antioxidant activity was carried out in different solvent system of varying polarity. The 70% ethanol appeared to be the most potent solvent for extraction of antioxidant compounds. The total phenolic and flavonoid content were found 72.544 ± 0.144 mg/g dm and 12.930 ± 0.144 mg/g dm respectively in the plant. Simultaneous HPLC fingerprinting of some standard phenolic acids and flavonoids in the 70 % aqueous ethanol extract was also carried out. B vitamins ranged between 0.028 to 0.431 mg/100g dm. The results confirm that this annual sedge is an excellent source of antioxidant- based phytonutrients, which could be used for the good of human being at the same time it can be used as a vitamin supplement to our diet. The study also pro...
Evaluation of Selected Invasive Alien Species via Bioprospecting as Potential Sources of Food Supplements
Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 2019
The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, ... more The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the proximate composition, minerals content (Na, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg and Zn), simultaneous quantification of water soluble vitamins (ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine and folic acid) by HPLC of five different invasive alien species (IAS) viz. Alternanthera paronychioides, Cleome rutidosperma, Mikania micrantha, Pilea microphylla and Scoparia dulcis. The results showed the highest calorific value of C. rutidosperma (124.22±0.58 kcal/100g) which was also found to contain highest amount of crude protein (15.80±0.12%). An appreciable quantity of carbohydrate was estimated in the leaves of S. dulcis (13.91±0.13%) and A. paronychioides (13.61±0.22%). A. paronychioides had the highest potassium content (3.92±0.003 mg/g) and calcium content (5.90±0.01 mg/g). The sodium content ranged between 0.071–0.125 mg/g. The leaves of M. micrantha (152.25±0.03 mg/100g) contained a very good amount of vitamin C. The water soluble B vitamin content in these plants under investigation ranged between 0.014 to 2.457 mg/100g. The results indicate that these invasive alien species can be utilized as food supplement.
The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of s... more The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of six underutilized wild edible plants viz. Ipomoea aquatica, Achyranthes aspera, Aasystasia ganjetica, Enhydra fluctuans, Oldenlandia corymbosa and Amaranthus viridis that are commonly consumed as food in the India The antioxidant properties of the plants were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, metal chelating activity, lipid peroxidation assay, estimation of total phenolic content and flavonoids content in different solvent extraction system like benzene, chloroform, methanol and 70% aqueous (aq.) ethanol. The quantitation of phenolic acids and flavonoids and
For the Gesneriaceae of India the consequences of revised generic circumscriptions and the new cl... more For the Gesneriaceae of India the consequences of revised generic circumscriptions and the new classification based on molecular phylogenetic work are summarised and outlined. An identification key, genus descriptions and some considerations on the biogeographic distribution of the genera in India are provided. The current genus count in India is 23, with Briggsia Craib having disappeared and Cyrtandromoea Zoll. being excluded from Gesneriaceae. The Indian species formerly included in Boea Comm. ex Lam. and Paraboea (C.B. Clarke) Ridl. are now included in Dorcoceras Bunge and Middletonia C. Puglisi, respectively. Oreocharis Benth. is newly recorded for India due to the transfer of Briggsia muscicola (Diels) Craib to Oreocharis. The Indian genera are from both tribes of subfamily Didymocarpoideae, namely Epithemateae and Trichosporeae. The genera are represented in three out of four subtribes of tribe Epithemateae and six out of ten subtribes in tribe Trichosporeae, thus, in total the Indian genera are represented in nine out of fourteen subtribes in the subfamily Didymocarpoideae. Subtribe Jerdoniinae is endemic to India. This high level of diversity underlines the biogeographical and historical importance of India for the family Gesneriaceae.
Didymocarpus punduanus Wall. ex R. Br. was originally described based on collection of F. de Sylv... more Didymocarpus punduanus Wall. ex R. Br. was originally described based on collection of F. de Sylva (Wallich Cat. num. list no. 777) from India (Meghalaya) in Cyrtandreae (Brown,1839). Later its distribution was further recorded from Sikkim and Assam. The plant is distinguished by its herbaceous habit, with 3-4 leaves in whorls and the inflorescence being subtended by 2 minute sessile leaves. Flowers purple in sub-umbellate cymes. Another species of Didymocarpus, D. pulcher C.B. Clarke appears closely allied to the former. D. pulchrus ("pulcher") was separated as a distinct group based on two collections from Sikkim by Griffith and Hook.f. (Clarke, 1883), further distributed to Bhutan and China. The same plant was earlier described by Clarke as D. subalternans in Commelynaceae et Cyrtandraceae bengalenses (1874), and was replaced as D. pulchrus
Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin (Vitaceae) is perennial climber with wide array of ethnomedicinal us... more Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin (Vitaceae) is perennial climber with wide array of ethnomedicinal uses. The present study was focussed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the plant in different solvent extracts viz. 70% ethanol, methanol, chloroform and benzene, along with HPLC based identification and quantification of the phenolic acids and flavonoids. The results indicated that 70% ethanol extract was the most potent solvent for extraction of total phenolics which decreased with decreasing polarity. the phenolic content ranged between 42.200 ± 0.196 GAE/ g dry mass in 70% ethanol to 14.872 ± 0.370 GAE/ g dry mass in benzene. ABTS radical scavenging activity of 27.752 ± 0.26%/ g dry mass was observed in 70% ethanol. The HPLC analysis confirmed the presence rutin (6.077 ± 0.001 mg/ 100g dry mass), naringin (1.078 ± 0.005 mg/ 100g dry mass), syringic acid, ferulic acid and others. The present study validates the ethnomedicinal use of the plant and also indicates the need of further study designed for maximum utilization of the same in a more practical and commercial way.
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