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Day of the Dead

Mesoamerican and South American festival
Wikidata item: Day of the Dead (Q309256)
UNESCO ICH ID: RL/00054
instance of: religious and cultural festive day
country: Mexico
intangible cultural heritage status: National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage in France, Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity (2003) and Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
described at URL: https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/00054 (English)
https://ich.unesco.org/fr/RL/00054 (French)
https://ich.unesco.org/es/RL/00054 (Spanish)

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As practised by the indigenous communities of Mexico, el Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead) commemorates the transitory return to Earth of deceased relatives and loved ones. The festivities take place each year at the end of October to the beginning of November. This period also marks the completion of the annual cycle of cultivation of maize, the country’s predominant food crop.

Families facilitate the return of the souls to Earth by laying flower petals, candles and offerings along the path leading from the cemetery to their homes. The deceased’s favourite dishes are prepared and placed around the home shrine and the tomb alongside flowers and typical handicrafts, such as paper cut-outs. Great care is taken with all aspects of the preparations, for it is believed that the dead are capable of bringing prosperity (e.g. an abundant maize harvest) or misfortune (e.g. illness, accidents, financial difficulties) upon their families depending on how satisfactorily the rituals are executed. The dead are divided into several categories according to cause of death, age, sex and, in some cases, profession. A specific day of worship, determined by these categories, is designated for each deceased person. This encounter between the living and the dead affirms the role of the individual within society and contributes to reinforcing the political and social status of Mexico’s indigenous communities.

The Day of the Dead celebration holds great significance in the life of Mexico’s indigenous communities. The fusion of pre-Hispanic religious rites and Catholic feasts brings together two universes, one marked by indigenous belief systems, the other by worldviews introduced by the Europeans in the sixteenth century.^[1]

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Dita e të Vdekurve (Albanian)

Alemannic

Altai

American Sign Language

Amharic

Amis

Angika

يوم الموتى (Modern Standard Arabic)

Aragonese

Aramaic

Մեռյալների օր (տոն) (Eastern Armenian)

Aromanian

Assamese

Día de Muertos (Asturian)

Ölülər Günü (Azerbaijani)

Balinese

Bambara

ডে অফ দ্য ডেড (Bangla)

Banjar

Banyumasan Javanese

Bashkir

Hilen Eguna (Mexiko) (Basque)

Bavarian

Belarusian

Дзень мёртвых (Belarusian)

Ден на мъртвите (Bulgarian)

Burmese

Buryat

亡靈節 (Cantonese)

Dia de Morts (Catalan)

Den mrtvých (svátek) (Czech)

Dagaare

Dagbani

De Dødes Dag (Danish)

Dag van de Doden (Dutch)

Dzongkha

Egyptian Arabic

Emilian–Romagnol

Day of the Dead (English)

Erzya

Tago de la mortintoj (Esperanto)

Mehhiko surnutepäev (Standard Estonian)

Kuolleiden päivä (Finnish)

Fon

Franco-Provençal

Jour des morts (Mexique) (French)

Friulian

Fula

Gagauz

Día dos mortos (Galician)

Gan Chinese

გარდაცვლილთა დღე (Georgian)

Tag der Toten (German)

Ghanaian Pidgin English

Ημέρα των νεκρών (Greek)

Día de Muertos (Indonesian)

Giorno dei morti (America) (Italian)

Jamaican Patois

死者の日 (メキシコ) (Japanese)

Dina Pati (Javanese)

Diada de Muertos (Judaeo-Spanish)

Dies Mortuorum (Latin)

Mirusiųjų diena (Lithuanian)

Hari Kematian (Malay)

മരിച്ചവരുടെ ദിവസം (Malayalam)

Standard Moroccan Amazigh

De dødes dag (Bokmål)

Día de Muertos (Nynorsk)

[[nn
no:Día de Muertos
De dødes dag|Día de Muertos
De dødes dag (Nynorsk)]]

Dzień Zmarłych (Polish)

Pontic Greek

Dia dos Mortos (Portuguese)

ਮੁਰਦਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਦਿਨ (Punjabi)

Día de los Muertos (Romanian)

Romansh

День мёртвых (Russian)

Day of the Dead (Simple English)

ڕۆژی مردووەکان (Sorani)

Sesotho

South Azerbaijani

Día de Muertos (Spanish)

De dödas dag (Swedish)

இறந்தோர் நாள் (Tamil)

Ölüler Günü (Turkish)

День мертвих (Ukrainian)

Día de Muertos (Vietnamese)

Diwrnod y Meirw (Welsh)

West Coast Bajau

West Flemish

Dei fan de Deaden (West Frisian)

Մեռեալներու Օր (Տօն) (Western Armenian)

Wolof

Wu Chinese

Xhosa

טאג פון די טויטע (Yiddish)

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