Bosniak: Perbezaan antara semakan
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</ref> [[Bosniak#Komunitit|diaspora Bosniak]] yang ketara wujud di beberapa negara termasuk [[Austria]], Jerman, [[Australia]], Sweden, Turki, [[Kanada]] dan [[Amerika Syarikat]]. |
</ref> [[Bosniak#Komunitit|diaspora Bosniak]] yang ketara wujud di beberapa negara termasuk [[Austria]], Jerman, [[Australia]], Sweden, Turki, [[Kanada]] dan [[Amerika Syarikat]]. |
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==Lihat juga== |
== Lihat juga == |
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{{Portal|Europe|Islam}} |
{{Portal|Europe|Islam}} |
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*[[Bosniak di Croatia]] |
*[[Bosniak di Croatia]] |
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*[[Bushnak]] |
*[[Bushnak]] |
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==Petikan== |
== Petikan == |
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{{notes |
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==Nota== |
== Nota == |
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{{Reflist|group=note}} |
{{Reflist|group=note}} |
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==Rujukan== |
== Rujukan == |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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==Sumber== |
== Sumber == |
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'''Buku''' |
'''Buku''' |
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* {{cite book|last=Allworth|first=Edward|title=Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1qUHMl3JfgC&pg=PA125|year=1994|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=0-8223-1490-8|ref=harv}} |
* {{cite book|last=Allworth|first=Edward|title=Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1qUHMl3JfgC&pg=PA125|year=1994|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=0-8223-1490-8|ref=harv}} |
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*{{cite journal|last=Ramet|first=Pedro|title=Primordial ethnicity or modern nationalism: The case of Yugoslavia's Muslims|journal=Nationalities Papers|volume=13|issue=2|year=1985|pp=165–187|doi=10.1080/00905998508408020}} |
*{{cite journal|last=Ramet|first=Pedro|title=Primordial ethnicity or modern nationalism: The case of Yugoslavia's Muslims|journal=Nationalities Papers|volume=13|issue=2|year=1985|pp=165–187|doi=10.1080/00905998508408020}} |
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==Pautan luar== |
== Pautan luar == |
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{{commons category|Bosniaks}} |
{{commons category|Bosniaks}} |
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*[http://www.baic-detroit.com/news.php Bosniaks in United States] |
*[http://www.baic-detroit.com/news.php Bosniaks in United States] |
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{{Slavic ethnic groups}} |
{{Slavic ethnic groups}} |
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[[Kategori:Orang Bosniak| ]] |
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[[Kategori:Kumpulan etnik Slav]] |
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[[Kategori:Slav Selatan]] |
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[[Kategori:Komuniti Muslim di Eropah]] |
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Semakan pada 00:08, 27 November 2017
| Jumlah penduduk | |
|---|---|
| 2.8 – 4.6 juta (aggr.)[note 1] | |
| Kawasan ramai penduduk | |
 Bosnia dan Herzegovina | 1,769,592[1] |
 Amerika Syarikat | 350,000[2] |
 Jerman | 158,158[3] |
 Serbia | 145,278[4] |
 Austria | 128,047[5] |
 Sweden | 80,000[6] |
 Montenegro | 53,605[7] |
 Switzerland | 46,773[8] |
 Croatia | 31,479[9] |
 Kosovo[a] | 27,533[10] |
 Slovenia | 21,542[11] |
 Denmark | 21,000[12] |
 Australia | 17,993[13] |
 Macedonia | 17,018[14] |
 Norway | 16,338[15][16] |
 Itali | 3.600[17] |
 Belgium | 2,182[18] |
 Kesatuan Eropah jumlah | 400,000[19] |
| Bahasa | |
| Bosnia | |
| Agama | |
| Tradisinya Sunni Islam (lihat Keagamaan) | |
| Kumpulan etnik berkaitan | |
| Slav Selatan lain | |
1According to estimates commissioned in 2008 by the National Security Council of Turkey (Milli Güvenlik Kurulu) some 2,000,000 Turkish citizens are of Bosniak ancestry as mainly descended from Bosniak emigrants in the 19th and early 20th century. | |
Bosniak (Bahasa Bosnia: [Bošnjaci] Error: {{Lang}}: teks mempunyai penanda italik (bantuan)/Бошњаци, disebut [boʃɲǎːt͡si]; lelaki: Bošnjak/Бошњак, perempuan: Bošnjakinja/Бошњакиња) adalah sebuah kumpulan etnik dan negara Slavic selatan yang ramai mendiami kawasan di Bosnia dan Herzegovina. Terdapat juga minoriti Bosniak yang tinggal di negara-negara lain di rantau Balkan; terutamanya di wilayah Sandžak dalam Serbia dan Montenegro (di mana Bosniak membentuk sebuah majoriti serantau), dan di Croatia dan Kosovo.[a] Secara tipikalnya, Bosniak mempunyai kaitan sejarah dengan wilayah bersejarah Bosnia, yang mana majoritinya memeluk agama Islam sejak kurun ke-15 dan 16, budaya dan bahasa Bosnia yang sama. Penutur bahasa Inggeris biasanya merujuk Bosniak sebagai Muslim Bosnia[note 2] atau ringkasnya sebagai orang Bosnia, meskipun istilah yang terakhir juga boleh merujuk kepada semua penduduk di Bosnia dan Herzegovina (tidak kira asal usul etnik) atau juga digunakan bagi merujuk pada kewarganegaraan di negara ini.
Lebih daripada dua juta Bosniak tinggal di Balkan, dengan anggaran lebih sejuta lagi tinggal dan hidup di seluruh dunia. Pembersihan etnik Bosniak semasa Perang Bosnia (1991–95) telah menjejaskan taburan penduduk di wilayah ini. Sebahagian di sebabkan oleh peristiwa ini,[20] diaspora Bosniak yang ketara wujud di beberapa negara termasuk Austria, Jerman, Australia, Sweden, Turki, Kanada dan Amerika Syarikat.
Lihat juga
Petikan
- ^ a b Kosovo merupakan sebuah subjek yang menjadi pertikaian antara Republik Kosovo dan Republik Serbia. Republik Kosovo mengistiharkan kemerdekaan secara unilateral pada 17 Februari 2008, tetapi Serbia berterusan mendakwa ia adalah sebahagian daripada wilayah berdaulatnya. Dua buah kerajaan ini mula menormalkan hubungan pada tahun 2013, sebagai sebahagian daripada Persetujuan Brussels. Kosovo menerima pengakuan rasmi sebagai sebuah negara merdeka daripada 111 daripada 193 Negara anggota Pertubuhan Bangsa Bersatu Pertubuhan Bangsa Bersatu.
Nota
- ^ Addition of higher and lower population estimates given below
- ^ Istilah ini dianggap kurang tepat kerana tidak semua Bosniak memeluk atau mengamalkan Islam. Sebahagiannya di sebabkan sejak pembubaran Yugoslavia, Bosniak telah mengantikan Muslim sebagai sebuah istilah etnik dalam usaha mengelakan kekeliruan dengan istilah "Muslim" bagi merujuk kepada penganut Islam. Tambahan lagi, Bosniak juga merupakan penduduk asal di Montenegro, Serbia termasuk Kosovo, dan Croatia, sementara Islam di Bosnia dan Herzegovina mungkin diamalkan oleh bukan Bosniak, seperti orang Turki di Bosnia dan Herzegovina."Bosnia and Herzegovina: People", The World Factbook, American CIA, 2016 [2007], ISSN 1553-8133, dicapai pada 2016-04-13
Rujukan
- ^ http://www.popis2013.ba/popis2013/doc/Popis2013prvoIzdanje.pdf
- ^ Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder – Results".
- ^ Germans and foreigners with an immigrant background Diarkibkan 2009-05-04 di Wayback Machine
- ^ "Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији: НАЦИОНАЛНА ПРИПАДНОСТ" (PDF). Dicapai pada 2012-12-22.
- ^ Bosnian Austrians
- ^ "Sveriges förbindelser med Bosnien och Hercegovina". Dicapai pada 1 May 2016.
- ^ "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Montenegro 2011" (PDF). July 12, 2011. Dicapai pada 13 July 2011.
- ^ "Pub_Auslaender_D.pdf" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2016-03-03. Dicapai pada 2012-01-05. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan) - ^ Cro Census 2011, Dzs.hr
- ^ Kosovo Census 2011, ask.rks-gov.net
- ^ "Statistični urad RS - Popis 2002". Dicapai pada 1 May 2016.
- ^ "Kilde: "Ældre bosniske flygtninge søger hjem"". Folkedrab.dk. Dicapai pada 2012-01-05.
- ^ "2054.0 Australian Census Analytic Program: Australians' Ancestries (2001 (Corrigendum))" (PDF). Dicapai pada 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Macedonian Census 2002" (PDF). Dicapai pada 2012-01-05.
- ^ "Archived copy". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-08-07. Dicapai pada 2016-11-19. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Joshua Project (2010-04-13). "Bosniak of Italy Ethnic People Profile". Joshuaproject.net. Dicapai pada 2012-01-05.
- ^ "ISTAT". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 13 November 2014. Dicapai pada 1 May 2016. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan) - ^ "Belgium figures". Dofi.fgov.be. Dicapai pada 2012-01-05.
- ^ "2 DEMOGRAFIA 2006.pmd" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2008-07-26. Dicapai pada 2012-01-05. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan) - ^ Committee on Foreign Relations, US Senate, The Ethnic Cleansing of Bosnia-Hercegovina, (US Government Printing Office, 1992)
Sumber
Buku
- Allworth, Edward (1994). Muslim Communities Reemerge: Historical Perspectives on Nationality, Politics, and Opposition in the Former Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. Duke University Press. ISBN 0-8223-1490-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Bulić, Dejan (2013). The Fortifications of the Late Antiquity and Early Byzantine Period. The World of the Slavs: Studies of the East, West and South Slavs: Civitas, Oppidas, Villas and Archeological Evidence (7th to 11th Centuries AD). Istorijski institut. ISBN 978-86-7743-104-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Donia, Robert J.; Fine, John Van Antwerp, Jr. (1994). Bosnia and Hercegovina: A Tradition Betrayed. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-212-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Fine, John Van Antwerp, Jr. (1991). The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08149-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Friedman, Francine "The Bosnian Muslims: The Making of a Yugoslav Nation," in Melissa Bokovoy, Jill Irvine, and Carol Lilly, eds., State-Society Relations in Yugoslavia, 1945-1992, 1997
- Kaimakamova, Miliana; Salamon, Maciej (2007). Byzantium, new peoples, new powers: the Byzantino-Slav contact zone, from the ninth to the fifteenth century. Towarzystwo Wydawnicze "Historia Iagellonica". ISBN 978-83-88737-83-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Malcolm, Noel (1996) [1994]. Bosnia: A Short History (ed. 2nd). New York University Press. ISBN 0-8147-5561-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Pinson, Mark (1994). The Muslims of Bosnia-Herzegovina: Their Historic Development from the Middle Ages to the Dissolution of Yugoslavia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-932885-09-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2004. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-271-01629-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Tomasevich, Jozo (2001). War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration. Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-0857-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Jurnal
- Babuna, Aydin (1999). "Nationalism and the Bosnian muslims". East European Quarterly. 33 (2): 195–.
- Bauer, Deron. The ethno-religious identity of Bosnian Muslims: A literature-based ethnography. Fuller Theological Seminary, School of Intercultural Studies, 2012.
- Friedman, Francine (2000). "The muslim slavs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (with reference to the Sandzak of Novi Pazar): Islam as national identity". Nationalities Papers. 28 (1): 165–180. doi:10.1080/00905990050002498.
- Hamourtziadou, Lily (2002). "The Bosniaks: from nation to threat". Journal of Southern Europe and the Balkans. 4 (2): 141–156.
- Kofman, Daniel (2001). "Self-determination in a multiethnic state: Bosnians, Bosniaks, Croats and Serbs". Reconstructing multiethnic societies: the case of Bosnia-Herzegovina: 31–62.
- Larise, Dunja (2015). "The Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina and nation building by muslims/Bosniaks in the Western Balkans". Nationalities Papers. 43 (2): 195–212. doi:10.1080/00905992.2014.998186.
- Lopasic, Alexander (1981). "Bosnian muslims: a search for identity". Bulletin. British Society for Middle Eastern Studies. 8 (2): 115–125.
- Lomonosov, Matvey (2012). "Illyrianism in Bosnian style: Balkan antiquity in contemporary national mythology and identity construction among the Bosniaks" (PDF). The South Slav Journal. 31 (3–4): 61–83.
- Ramet, Pedro (1985). "Primordial ethnicity or modern nationalism: The case of Yugoslavia's Muslims". Nationalities Papers. 13 (2): 165–187. doi:10.1080/00905998508408020.
Pautan luar
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Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Bosniak |
- Bosniaks in United States
- IGBD – Bosniaks in Germany Templat:Bs icon (Jerman)
- Congress of North American Bosniaks
- BAACBH.org – Bosniak American Advisory Council for Bosnia-Herzegovina
- Bosniaks – Wiktionary entry for Bosniaks
- BOSNJACI.net Templat:Bs icon
- Facebook page
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