Gebruiker:PedanticBear/sandbox: verschil tussen versies
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* [[Grover Cleveland Alexander]] (1887–1950), American [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher. Raised in St. Paul Lodge No. 82, [[St. Paul (Nebraska)|St. Paul, Nebraska]], in 1923. Expelled for un-Masonic conduct in 1930.<ref name="Denslow" /> |
* [[Grover Cleveland Alexander]] (1887–1950), American [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher. Raised in St. Paul Lodge No. 82, [[St. Paul (Nebraska)|St. Paul, Nebraska]], in 1923. Expelled for un-Masonic conduct in 1930.<ref name="Denslow" /> |
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* [[Harold Alexander|Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis]] KG PC GCB OM GCMG CSI DSO MC CD PC(Can) (1891–1969), British military commander and [[Veldmaarschalk|field marshal]]. Served in both World Wars. [[Gouverneur-generaal van Canada|Governor General of Canada]] from 1946 to 1952. Past grand steward and past grand warden of the G.L. of England.<ref name="Denslow" /> |
* [[Harold Alexander|Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis]] KG PC GCB OM GCMG CSI DSO MC CD PC(Can) (1891–1969), British military commander and [[Veldmaarschalk|field marshal]]. Served in both World Wars. [[Gouverneur-generaal van Canada|Governor General of Canada]] from 1946 to 1952. Past grand steward and past grand warden of the G.L. of England.<ref name="Denslow" /> |
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* [[Alexander van Oranje-Nassau (1851-1884)|Alexander, Prince of Orange]] (1851–1884), heir apparent of King [[Willem III der Nederlanden|William III of the Netherlands]] from 11 June 1879 until his death. Grand Master of the Netherlands.<ref name="Denslow" /> |
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* [[José Eloy Alfaro Delgado|Eloy Alfaro]] (1842–1912), served as President of [[Ecuador]] from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911<ref name="Denslow" /> |
* [[José Eloy Alfaro Delgado|Eloy Alfaro]] (1842–1912), served as President of [[Ecuador]] from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911<ref name="Denslow" /> |
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Versie van 17 nov 2024 22:02
A
- John Abbott (1821–1893), the third Prime Minister of Canada. Initiated: St. Paul's, No. 374, E.R., Montreal, 1847.[1]
- William "Bud" Abbott (1895–1974), American comedian and actor (part of the Abbott & Costello comedy team)[2]
- Nicanor Abelardo (1893–1934), Filipino composer. Raised in Luzon Lodge No. 57.[3]
- Ralph Abercromby (1734–1801), Scottish soldier (lieutenant-general in the British Army) and politician (MP 1774–1780, 1784–1786)[4]
- Edmond François Valentin About (1828–1885), French novelist, publicist and journalist[5]
- Harold Abrahams, track and field athlete and Olympic champion. Initiated into Oxford and Cambridge University Lodge No.1118, and founding member of Athlon Lodge No. 4674.
- Roy Acuff (1903–1992), American country music singer[6]
- Robert Adam (1728–1792), Scottish architect[7]
A2
- Adolphus Frederick IV, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1738–1794), Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Member of the Lodge at New-Brandeburg.[5]
- Adolf Frederick (1710–1771), King of Sweden from 1751 until his death. Master of a Stockholm lodge and received the title of Protector of Swedish Freemasonry in 1762.[5]
- Gregorio Aglipay (1860–1940), Supreme Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church[8]
- Emilio Aguinaldo (1869–1964), President of the Philippines. Pilar Lodge No. 203 (now Pilar Lodge No. 15) at Imus Cavite and was founder of Magdalo Lodge No. 31 (renamed Emilio Aguinaldo Lodge No. 31 in his honor).
- Agustín I of Mexico (1783–1824), Emperor of Mexico
- Miguel Ricardo de Álava y Esquivel Order of Santiago, Order of Charles III, KCB, MWO (1770–1843), Spanish general and statesman. Imprisoned in 1814 for being a Freemason.[5]
- Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (1864–1892), eldest son of King Edward VII[5]
A3
- Nelson W. Aldrich (1841–1915), U.S. senator from Rhode Island. Treasurer of the Grand Lodge of Rhode Island 1877–78 and member of What Cheer lodge.
- Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin (1930–), American astronaut; second human to set foot on extraterrestrial soil. Member of Montclair Lodge No. 144 of New Jersey.[9][10][11][12]
- Elizabeth Aldworth (1693/95–1773/1775[13]), noted female Mason. Entered Apprentice and Fellowcraft Degree in 1712.[14]
- Miguel Alemán Valdés (1900–1983), President of Mexico from 1946 to 1952. Initiated, Passed, and Raised in Antiquities Lodge No. 9 of Grand Lodge Valle de Mexico. Later demitted to City of Mexico Lodge No. 35.[5]
- Alexander I of Russia (1777–1825), Czar of Russia from 1801 to 1825. Banned all secret societies in 1801, but rescinded the prohibition in 1803. He banned Freemasonry in Russia in 1822 due to concerns of political power of some lodges.[5]
- Alexander I of Yugoslavia (1888–1934), last king of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1921–29) and first king of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1929–34)[15]
- Prince Alexander of Yugoslavia (1924–2016), Serbian royal prince, initiated in the GLNF, and a member of multiple UGLE lodges, including Royal Sussex No 53, and Entente Cordiale No 9657
- Grover Cleveland Alexander (1887–1950), American Major League Baseball pitcher. Raised in St. Paul Lodge No. 82, St. Paul, Nebraska, in 1923. Expelled for un-Masonic conduct in 1930.[5]
- Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis KG PC GCB OM GCMG CSI DSO MC CD PC(Can) (1891–1969), British military commander and field marshal. Served in both World Wars. Governor General of Canada from 1946 to 1952. Past grand steward and past grand warden of the G.L. of England.[5]
- Eloy Alfaro (1842–1912), served as President of Ecuador from 1895 to 1901 and from 1906 to 1911[5]
A3
- Ira Allen (1751 in Cornwall, Connecticut – 1814), one of the founders of Vermont, and leaders of the Green Mountain Boys. Brother of Ethan Allen. Vermont Lodge No. 1 of Charlestown, New Hampshire.[5]
- Salvador Allende (1908–1973), President of Chile (1970–1973). Lodge Progreso No. 4, Valparaíso.[16][17]
A4
- Roald Amundsen (1872–1928), Norwegian polar explorer and discoverer of South Pole[5]
- George T. Anderson (1824–1901), general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War[5]
- James Anderson (ca. 1679/1680–1739), Presbyterian minister best known for his influence on the early development of Freemasonry. Author of The Constitutions of the Free-Masons (1723) and The New Book of Constitutions of the Antient and Honourable Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons (1738)
- Robert Anderson (1805–1871), Union Army officer in the American Civil War, known for being the commander of Fort Sumter at the beginning of the war. Raised in Mercer Lodge No. 50, Trenton, New Jersey, in 1858. Honorary member of Pacific Lodge No. 233 of New York City.[5]
- Gyula Andrássy (1823–1890), Hungarian statesman, Prime Minister of Hungary (1867–1871) and subsequently as Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary (1871–1879).[5]
- Johannes Valentinus Andreae (1586–1654), Protestant theologian, alchemist, satirical writer and early Rosicrucian. Believed to have been a Mason.[5]
A5
- Ivo Andrić (1892–1975), Yugoslav writer and Nobel Prize laureate[15]
- Sir Edward Victor Appleton (1892–1965), British physicist. Nobel Prize 1947. Isaac Newton University Lodge No. 859, Cambridge.
- W. A. Appleton, British trade unionist and politician[18]
- John Arbuthnot (1667–1735), British physician and satirist[5]
- Constantin Argetoianu (1871–1955), Prime Minister of Romania
A6
- Thomas Arne (1710–1778), British composer of "Rule Britannia"[19][20]
- Benedict Arnold (1741–1801), American general and traitor. Hiram Lodge No. 1, New Haven, Connecticut.[21]
- Eddy Arnold (1918–2008), American country music singer. East Nashville Lodge 560 F& A.M., East Nashville, Tennessee.[22]
- Henry H. Arnold (1886–1950), American general, only person to hold five-star rank in two branches of service. Union Lodge No. 7, KS.
- Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury (1801–1885), English philanthropist and social reformer. Member of the Apollo University Lodge.[23]
- Elias Ashmole (1617–1692), English antiquary and politician, Warrington Lodge, Lancashire[24]
- John Jacob Astor (1763–1848), American financier. Holland Lodge No. 8, New York, 1790.
- David Rice Atchison (1807–1886), U.S. senator from Missouri. Known for the claim that for one day (4 March 1849) he may have been Acting President of the United States. Member of Platte Lodge No. 56, Platte City, Missouri.[5]
A7
- John James Audubon (1785–1851), American ornithologist and artist
- Arnold Jacob "Red" Auerbach (1917–2006), American basketball coach[25]
- Gene Autry (1907–1998), movie and television star. Catoosa Lodge No. 185, Oklahoma.[2][26][27]
- Abdul Qadir Al Jaza'iri, Sufi mystic, scholar and political leader. Brought Freemasonry into Grand Syria. Took oath on 18 June 1867, at a specially convened meeting of the Lodge of the Pyramids, Alexandria, Egypt. He is considered one of the most famous Arab Muslim freemasons.[28]
B
- Johann Christian Bach (1735–1782), European composer. Lodge of Nine Muses No. 235, London.[29]
B1
- Mikhail Bakunin (1814–1876), Russian revolutionary. Lodge Il Progresso Sociale, Florence, 1864
B3
- Joseph Banks (1743–1820), English botanist.[30] Inverness Lodge, No. 4367.[31][32][33]
- Nathaniel P. Banks (1816–1894), 24th governor of Massachusetts, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives and Union general during the American Civil War. Member of Monitor Lodge, Waltham, Massachusetts.[5]
B4
- Diego Martínez Barrio (1883–1962), Prime Minister of Spain and founder of the Republican Union
- Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (1834–1904), sculptor of New York's Statue of Liberty. Lodge Alsace-Lorraine, Paris.[5][34]
B4
- Francesco Bartolozzi (1725–1815), Italian engraver. Was an early member of the Lodge of Nine Muses No. 235, London. The frontispiece of the 1784 edition of the Book of Constitutions is his engraving.[5]
- Edmund Barton (1849–1920), first prime minister of the Commonwealth of Australia, Speaker of the legislative assembly.[35][36][37][38][39] Initiated: Australian Lodge of Harmony No. 556 English Constitution in Sydney on 13 March 1878.[5][38][39][40]
- William "Count" Basie (1904–1984), jazz orchestra leader and composer. Wisdom Lodge No. 102 (Prince Hall), Chicago.[41]
- Edward Bates (1793–1869), American lawyer and statesman. First Attorney General of Missouri after it was admitted as a state. U.S. Attorney General under Lincoln from 1861 to 1864. Was a member of Missouri Lodge No. 12, under Tennessee charter (later Missouri No. 1). Was active in the formation of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. Served four terms as grand master, 1825, 1826, 1827, & 1831.[5]
- Warner Baxter (1889–1951), American film actor of the silent and early talkie period. Second person to win the Academy Award for Best Actor. Member Cahuenga Lodge No. 513, Hollywood, California.[5]
B5
- Eugène de Beauharnais (1781–1824), Viceroy of Italy under Napoleon[5]
- Charles Geneviève Louis Auguste André Timothée d'Éon de Beaumont (1728–1810), French soldier, diplomat and spy. Raised: January, 1769, Lodge of Immortality No. 376, London.[5][42]
B6
- P. G. T. Beauregard (1818–1893), American military officer, politician, inventor, writer, civil servant, and the first prominent general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War
- Johann Beckmann (1739–1811), German scientific author and coiner of the word "technology", to mean the science of trades. He was the first man to teach technology and write about it as an academic subject.[5]
- Gunning Bedford Jr. (1747–1812), signer of the U.S. Constitution; first Grand Master of Masons in Delaware[5][43]
- Wallace Beery (1885–1949), American actor. Won the Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1931 film The Champ. Member of Blaney Lodge No. 271 of Chicago, Illinois.[5]
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827), composer. Though no records exist, several of Beethoven's biographers state that he was a Freemason based on other evidence.
B7
- Manuel Belgrano (1770–1820), Argentine economist, lawyer, politician, and military leader. He took part in the Argentine War of Independence and created the flag of Argentina. He is regarded as one of the main Libertadores of the country.
- Andrew Bell (1726–1809), Scottish printer, founder of the Encyclopædia Britannica[4]
- Charles J. Bell (1858–1929), Scotch-Irish American businessman. He was a cousin of Alexander Graham Bell and as such was an early executive of Bell Telephone. Co-founder of the National Geographic Society, and was its first treasurer.[5]
B8
- Giovanni Battista Belzoni (1778–1823), also known as The Great Belzoni, a prolific Italian explorer and pioneer archaeologist of Egyptian antiquities[5]
- Edvard Beneš (1884–1948), President of Czechoslovakia (1935–39, 1945–48). Ian Amos Komensky Lodge No. 1, Prague.[5][44]
- Conrado Benitez (1889–1971), Philippine statesman. Helped write the Philippine constitution. Grand Master of the Philippines.[5]
- Alexander von Benckendorff (1781 or 1783–1844), Russian cavalry general and statesman. Member of the Lodge of United Friends in St. Petersburg.[5]
- R. B. Bennett (1870–1947), Prime Minister of Canada 1930–1935[5]
- Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour (1810–1861), Italian politician[45]
B9
- Lloyd Bentsen (1921–2006), U.S. senator from Texas, nominee (Democratic Party) for vice president in 1988[5]
- Irving Berlin (1888–1989), composer. Munn Lodge No. 190, New York.[5][46][47]
- Silvio Berlusconi (1936–2023), Italian media tycoon and politician, Prime Minister of Italy. Initiated in Lodge Propaganda Due; expelled in 1981 (some say 1976) by the Grand Orient of Italy.
- Ben Bernie (1891–1943), American jazz violinist and radio personality[5]
- Arnaud Berquin (1747–1791), French children's author[5]
- George L. Berry (1882–1948), U.S. senator from Tennessee from 1937 to 1938. One of the
- Francisco Bertrand (1866–1926), twice president of Honduras[5]
- Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779–1848), Swedish chemist. Initiated in 1805 in St. John's Lodge St. Erik, at Stockholm.[5]
- Walter Besant (1836–1901), novelist and historian. Raised in Mauritius Lodge in 1862 and became master of Marquis of Dalhousie Lodge No. 1159, London, in 1873. Conceived the idea of establishing a lodge of research and as a result became one of the founders of the famous Quatuor Coronati Lodge No. 2076 of London, serving as its treasurer at one time.[5]
B10
- Thomas Bibb (1783–1839), second governor of Alabama from 1820 to 1821. Member of George Lodge No. 32, Warminster, Virginia.[5]
- George Valentin Bibescu (1880–1941), Romanian aviation pioneer, Grand Master of Romanian Grand Lodge from 1911 to 1916
- Albert Bierstadt (1830–1902), German-American painter known for landscapes of the American West. Member of Holland Lodge No. 8, New York City.[5]
B11
- Hiram Bingham III (1875–1956), American explorer, discovered the ruins of Machu Picchu. Hiram Lodge No. 1, Connecticut.[48]
- Sveinn Björnsson (1881–1952), first president of the Republic of Iceland. One of the founders of Edda Lodge in Reykjavík on 6 January 1919 under the authority of the National Grand Lodge of Denmark and was later Grand master of Iceland.[5]
- J. Stuart Blackton (1875–1941), Anglo-American film producer, considered the father of American animation. Member of Centennial Lodge No. 763, New York City.[5]
B12
- John Blair Jr. (1732–1800), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1789–96), and Grand Master of Virginia from 1778 to 1784[49]
- Mel Blanc (1908–1989), American voice actor. Mid Day Lodge No. 188, Oregon.[50]
- Henry G. Blasdel (1825–1900), first governor of Nevada. Member of Santa Cruz Lodge No. 38, Santa Cruz, California, and later past master of Carson Lodge No. 1, Carson City, Nevada.[5]
- Archie Bleyer (1909–1989), American song arranger, bandleader, and record company executive. Member of St. Cecile Lodge No. 568, New York City.[5]
- Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher (1742–1819), Graf (count), later elevated to Fürst (prince) von Wahlstatt, was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall (field marshal) who led his army against Napoleon I at the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig in 1813 and at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 with the Duke of Wellington. His original lodge is not known, but he was a constant visitor in the Lodge "Pax Inimicamalis" at Emmeriah in 1800–01, and in 1814 the Lodge "Archimedes" at Altenburg.[5]
B13
- Simón Bolívar (1783–1830), leader of South American independence (initiated: Cádiz, Spain)[51] Founding brother of Lodge Order and Liberty No. 2, Peru, 1824.[52]
- Jérôme Bonaparte (1784–1860), youngest brother of Napoleon Bonaparte and served as Jerome I, King of Westphalia, between 1807 and 1813. Grand master of the Grand Orient of Westphalia.[5]
- Joseph Bonaparte (1768–1844), elder brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him King of Naples and Sicily (1806–1808), and later King of Spain (1808–1813, as José I). Appointed as grand master of the Grand Orient of France by Napoleon in 1805.[5]
- Louis Bonaparte (1778—1846), brother of Napoleon Bonaparte and King of Holland (1806–10). Appointed Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France in 1805.[5]
- Lucien Bonaparte (1775–1840), brother of Napoleon Bonaparte and a member of the Grand Orient of France[5]
- Omar Bongo (1935–2009), president of Gabon
- Andrés Bonifacio (1863–1897), leader during Philippine Revolution from Spain. Taliba Lodge No. 165 under Gran Oriente Español (Spanish Grand Lodge).[53]
- Nicholas Bonneville (1760–1828), French bookseller, printer, journalist, and writer; also a political figure of some relevance at the time of the French Revolution. In 1788 he published a book entitled The Jesuits driven from Freemasonry and their weapon broken by the Freemasons (translation). His theory was that the Jesuits had introduced the history of the life and death of the Templars into the symbolic degrees, and the doctrine of vengeance for the political and religious crime of their destruction.[5]
B14
- Robert Borden (1854–1937), Prime Minister of Canada. St. Andrew's Lodge No. 1, Halifax, Nova Scotia.[54]
- Gutzon Borglum (1867–1941), American sculptor, planned and started sculpture on Mount Rushmore. Raised in Howard Lodge No. 35.[55]
- Ernest Borgnine (1917–2012), American actor. Abingdon Lodge No. 48; however, another source indicates Melrose Lodge No. 63, California.
- James Boswell (1740–1795), British biographer, raised in Canongate Kilwinning Lodge at Edinburgh, 1759[56][57]
- Pik Botha (1932–2018), South African politician
- Giovanni Bottesini (1821–1889), Italian Romantic composer, conductor, and a double bass virtuoso. Initiated 20 June 1849 in the Bank of England Lodge No. 263, London.[5]
- Sir Mackenzie Bowell (1823–1917), PC, KCMG, English-born Canadian politician. Fifth prime minister of Canada. Raised in St. Lawrence Lodge No. 640 of Montreal in 1864. On 4 February 1897 he affiliated with Eureka Lodge No. 283 (Grand Lodge of Canada in Ontario), at Belleville, and was later a charter member of Moira Lodge No. 11 at Belleville.[5]
- James Bowie (1796–1836), frontiersman, inventor of the Bowie knife. L'Humble Chaumiere Lodge No. 19, Opelousas, Louisiana.[58]
B15
- Jean-Pierre Boyer (1776–1850), one of the leaders of the Haitian Revolution, and president of Haiti from 1818 to 1843. He was grand commander of the Supreme Council AASR of Haiti, 33°. Frequent visitor to Somerset Lodge No. 34, Norwich, Connecticut.[5]
- Paul Boyton (1848–1924), Irish showman and adventurer. Known as the "Fearless Frogman".[5]
- Hugh Henry Brackenridge (1748–1816), American writer, lawyer, judge, and Pennsylvania Supreme Court justice. Member of Lodge No. 45, Pittsburgh.[5]
- William Bradford (1755–1795), second U.S. Attorney General in 1794–1795. Member of Lodge No. 2, Philadelphia.[5]
- Charles Bradlaugh (1833–1891), 19th-century atheist and Republican MP, Grand Lodge des Philadelphes, London (resigned his affiliation with English Freemasonry in 1874, but maintained an affiliation with a French Lodge)
- James Bradley (1692–1762), English Astronomer Royal[7]
- Omar Bradley (1893–1981), U.S. general. West Point Lodge No. 877, New York.[51]
- Donald Bradman (1908–2001), Australian cricketer. Initiated Lodge Arcadia No 177 UGLNSW on 11 June 1920.[19][59][60][61][62][63]
- Johannes Brahms (1833–1897), German composer[19][64]
- Samuel Brannan (1819–1889), American settler, businessman, journalist, and prominent Mormon who founded the California Star newspaper in San Francisco. Member of California Lodge No. 1 of San Francisco.[5]
- Terry Branstad (1946– ), 12th United States Ambassador to China, 39th and 42nd Governor of Iowa. Member and K.C.C.H. of the Des Moines Scottish Rite Valley.
B16
- Dimitrie Brătianu (1818–1892), Prime Minister of Romania (1881)
- Ion C. Brătianu (1821–1891), Romanian politician, three-time prime minister of Romania[65]
- David Brearley (1745–1790), signer of the U.S. Constitution on behalf of New Jersey. The first Grand Master of Masons for the state of New Jersey.
- John C. Breckinridge (1821–1875), 14th and youngest-ever Vice President of the United States. Expelled from the U.S. Senate after joining the Confederate Army. Member of Good Samaritan Lodge No. 174 at Lexington, Kentucky. Was suspended in 1861 and reinstated in 1871. Scottish Rite 33°.[5]
- Anders Behring Breivik, arrested for 2011 Norway attacks. Was a member of Lodge St. Olaus T.D. Tre Søiler No. 8 in Oslo.[66] Formally excluded (expelled) from Freemasonry in 2011.[67]
B17
- Walter Breuning, world's oldest man at the time of his death of natural causes on 14 April 2011, aged 114 years, six months, twenty-five days. Member of Great Falls Lodge No. 118, Great Falls, Montana, for over 85 years.[68][69][70]
- Aristide Briand, Prime Minister of France. Initiated in the lodge Le Trait d'Union in July 1887 (not recorded).[71][72] Declared "unworthy" by Le Trait d'Union on 6 September 1889.[73] Joined in the lodge Le Chavalier du Travail, in Paris in 1895.[71]
B18
- Jacob Broom (1752–1810), signer of the U.S. Constitution. Early member of Lodge No. 14, Wilmington, Delaware.[5]
- Henry Brougham, Scottish abolitionist and founder of the Edinburgh Review. Raised in Fortrose Lodge, Stornoway, Scotland.[56]
- Joe E. Brown (1891–973), American film actor active from 1928 to 1964. Member of Rubicon Lodge No. 237, Toledo, Ohio, and of Al Malaikah Shrine in Los Angeles.[5]
- John Brown (1800–1859), American who led an anti-slavery revolt in Harpers Ferry, Virginia in 1859. Freemason who later became an Anti-Mason.[5]
B19
- James Bruce (1730–1794), British explorer. Canongate Kilwinning Lodge.[56][74]
- Stanley Bruce, 1st Viscount Bruce of Melbourne (1883–1967), eighth Prime Minister of Australia, initiated in the Old Melburnians Lodge No. 317 UGLV[75]
- Samuel von Brukenthal, baron of the Holy Roman Empire
- Avery Brundage (1887–1975), fifth president of the International Olympic Committee. Member of North Shore Lodge No. 937, Chicago. Scottish Rite and Shriner.[5]
B20
- William Jennings Bryan, American politician, congressman, U. S. Secretary of State and presidential candidate. Lincoln Lodge No. 19, Lincoln, Nebraska.[5]
- James Buchanan, U.S. president,[51] Lodge No. 43, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
- George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham (1628–1687), KG PC FRS English peer and statesman[5]
- Frank Buckles, last living American veteran of World War I[76]
B21
- Simon Bolivar Buckner (1823–1914), 30th governor of Kentucky. Listed as a Freemason in the Grand Lodge of Kentucky proceedings of 1891.[5]
- Buffalo Bill (See William F. Cody)
- Charles Buls, mayor of Brussels[77]
- Edward Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton, politician and writer[78]
- John Bunyan (1628–1688), English writer and preacher best remembered as the author of the religious allegory The Pilgrim's Progress. Denslow wrote, "Although it is not known whether he was a Freemason or not, his little-known work Solomon's Temple Spiritualized contains so much Masonic phraseology and dogma that it would be hard to believe that he did not have some knowledge of the Craft."[5]
- Gottfried August Bürger (1747–1794), German poet; initiated in 1775[5]
- Edmund Burke, Irish politician and philosopher[30]
B22
- Anson Burlingame (1820–1870), American lawyer, legislator, and diplomat. Member of Amicable Lodge, Cambridge, Massachusetts.[5]
- James Burnett, Lord Monboddo (1714–1799), Scottish judge, scholar of linguistic evolution, philosopher and deist. The Bulletin of the International Masonic Congress (1917) stated that he was a Freemason.[5]
- Frederick Russell Burnham, American-born Victorian adventurer known as the father of Scouting. Chief Commissioner, Excelsior Lodge No. 195.[79]
- Robert Burns, national poet of Scotland. St. David's Lodge No. 174, Tarbolton.[80]
- Richard Francis Burton, English explorer[30]
B23
- Vannevar Bush, Worshipful Master of Richard C. Maclaurin Lodge (M.I.T. Lodge or Tech Lodge)[81]
- Anastasio Bustamante (1780–1853), three-time president of Mexico[5]
- Benjamin Butler (1818–1893), 33rd governor of Massachusetts. Major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.[5]
B24
- Cyriel Buysse, Flemish nationalist writer[82]
- George Byng, 6th Viscount Torrington (1768–1831), Royal Navy officer[7]
- Richard E. Byrd, U.S. admiral. Initiated in Federal Lodge No. 1 and founded First Antarctic Lodge No. 777 in 1935.[56]
- James F. Byrnes, U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice (1941–1942)[49]
C
- Sir Malcolm Campbell (1885–1948), MBE, British Army officer and racing motorist[5]
C2
- Joachim Heinrich Campe (1746–1818), German writer, linguist, educator and publisher. According to Denslow, "he was a learned and zealous Freemason as shown by his correspondence with Gotthold Lessing."[5]
- Manuel Camus, Philippine senator. 12 October 1898, Zetland in the East Lodge No 508 Singapore, under the jurisdiction of the M. W. Grand Lodge of England.[83]
- Ralph Canine (1895–1969), U.S. Army officer and first director of the National Security Agency (NSA). Raised in East Chicago Lodge No. 595, East Chicago, Indiana, in 1917.[5]
- George Canning (1770–1827), Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 April 1827 until his death. Member of Royal Somerset House and Inverness No. 4.[5]
- Gheorghe Grigore Cantacuzino, prime minister of Romania
- Eddie Cantor (c. 1892–1964), American "illustrated song" performer, comedian, dancer, singer, actor, and songwriter. Member of Munn Lodge No. 190, New York City.[5]
- Homer Earl Capehart (1897–1979), U.S. senator from Indiana[5]
- Ben Cardin (b. 1943), U.S. senator from Maryland[84]
C3
- Giosuè Carducci (1835–1907), Italian poet and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Bulletin of the International Masonic Congress of 1917 lists him as a Freemason.
- Carol II, King of Romania (1930–40)
- Daniel Carroll (1730–1796), one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, and representative from Maryland in the 1st United States Congress. Member of Maryland Lodge No. 16, Baltimore.[5]
- Kit Carson, American adventurer. Montezuma Lodge No. 109, Santa Fe, New Mexico.[51]
C4
- Giacomo Casanova, Venetian adventurer, "lodge of the Duke of Clermont", Paris, 1750
- Henry Cavendish, British scientist, best known for being the first to measure the density of the Earth, using the Cavendish experiment[85]
- Marc Chagall, Russian artist initiated in 1912[86]
- Joshua Chamberlain, commander of Union forces on Little Round Top during the American Civil War Battle of Gettysburg, and governor of Maine. United Lodge #8, Brunswick, Maine.[87]
- Nicolas Chamfort, French writer, Loge des Neuf Jr, Paris[88]
- Charles XIII of Sweden, King of Sweden and Norway[89]
- Sir James Charles Chatterton (1794–1874), veteran of the Peninsular War and the Battle of Quatre Bras and the Battle of Waterloo[90]
- Claire Lee Chennault, U.S. Air Corps major general; Commander of the "Flying Tigers" in WWII. League City Lodge No. 1053, League City, Texas.
- Walter Chrysler, founder of Chrysler Corporation
C5
- Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; 24 May 1901, Studholme Alliance Lodge No. 1591[91][92]
- André Citroën, French engineer and motor-car manufacturer, Lodge La Philosophie, Paris[86]
- Mark W. Clark, U.S. Army general, Mystic Tie Lodge No. 398, Indianapolis[86]
- Roy Clark, country music entertainer, Jenk's Lodge #497 – Jenks, Oklahoma[93]
- William Clark, explorer, Lewis and Clark expedition. Saint Louis Lodge No. 111.[94]
- Henry Clay, speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives and Grand Master of Kentucky
- Samuel Langhorne Clemens, also known as Mark Twain. American author. Polar Star Lodge No. 79, A.F.& A.M., St. Louis, Missouri. (Suspended for non-payment of dues and later reinstated 24 April 1867. Demitted October 1867, but recorded as having visited Carson City Lodge U.D. in February and March 1868.)
- Jim Clyburn, congressman from South Carolina[95]
- William F. Cody, a.k.a. Buffalo Bill, raised in Platte Valley Lodge No. 15, Nebraska[5][96]
- George M. Cohan, Broadway star, raised in Pacific Lodge No. 233, New York City[2][96]
- Harry Cohn, Pacific Lodge No. 233, New York
C6
- Nat King Cole, pianist and ballad singer[2]
- Thomas Cole, English-born American artist, founder of Hudson River School. Amity Lodge No. 5, Zanesville, Ohio.
- Michael B. Coleman, American politician, mayor of Columbus, Ohio[97]
- Samuel Colt, manufacturer of Colt revolvers[96]
- Émile Combes, French Prime Minister[98]
- Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician and philosopher, Lodges de Neuf Soeurs[96]
- John Conyers Jr. (1929–2019), American politician of the Democratic Party who served as a congressman for Michigan from 1965 to 2017. The longest-serving African-American in congressional history. Raised in Unity Lodge No. 28, Prince Hall Affiliated in Detroit.
- Joseph Cook, sixth prime minister of Australia[99][100] Initiated into Lodge Independent No 8 UGLNSW 12 February 1892[33][101]
- Gordon Cooper, U.S. astronaut, member of Carbondale Lodge No. 82, Colorado[96]
- Count Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi (1894–1972), Austro-Japanese political activist, founder of Paneuropean Union. Initiated: Humanitas Lodge, Vienna, 1922.[102] Left Humanitas in 1926.
- Edith Cowan, first woman elected to Australian Parliament; member of St Cuthberts Lodge, Perth (Le Droit Humain)[103]
- Francesco Crispi, Prime Minister of Italy[104] (possibly expelled in 1894?)
- Miron Cristea, Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (1925–39), Prime Minister of Romania (1938–39)
- Davy Crockett, 19th-century American folk hero, frontiersman, soldier and politician[96]
- Ben Cross, British actor known for portraying Harold Abrahams in Chariots of Fire, and Sarek in Star Trek; Shakespear Lodge No 99 (London), initiated 2010, Grand Steward (UGLE) 2017.[105]:18
- Aleister Crowley, English occultist, Anglo-Saxon Lodge No. 343, Paris (GLdF), 1904[106]
- Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Romanian Domnitor of the Danubian Principalities, 1859–66[65]
D
- Erasmus Darwin, English physician, philosopher, poet, grandfather of Charles Darwin. Member of Canongate Kilwinning Lodge No. 2, Edinburgh, Scotland.
- Antonio De Curtis, also known as Totò, Italian actor. WM of Lodge Fulgor Artis, Rome.[107]
- Johann de Kalb, major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. Pennsylvania Lodge No. 29.[108]
- Polydore de Keyser, founding member and first Junior Warden, MacDonald Lodge, No. 1216[109]
- Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle, composer of "La Marseillaise"
- Sebastião de Melo, Marquis of Pombal, 18th-century Portuguese statesman[110]
- William Ralph "Dixie" Dean, Everton and England footballer 1925–1937. Initiated in Randle Holme Lodge, No. 3261, Birkenhead, Cheshire, on 18 February 1931.
- Eugene V. Debs, American trade unionist, politician, and Socialist Party of America presidential candidate. Terre Haute Lodge No. 19.
- Cecil B. DeMille, movie director; member of Prince of Orange Lodge No. 16, New York City[96]
- Süleyman Demirel, 9th President of the Republic of Turkey. Bilgi Lodge No.015, Ankara. Grand Lodge of Turkey.[25][111]
- Jack Dempsey, heavyweight boxing champion in 1919. Kenwood Lodge No. 800, Chicago.[96][112]
- John Theophilus Desaguliers, French-born British naturalist and scientist. Grand Master of the Premier Grand Lodge of England for the year 1719.[113]
D1
- Thomas E. Dewey, 47th governor of New York (1902–1971)
- Denis Diderot (1712–1784), French philosopher, writer and art critic[5]
- John Diefenbaker, Prime Minister of Canada. Wakaw Lodge No. 166, Wakaw, Saskatchewan.
- Bob Dole, U.S. politician[26] Russell Lodge No. 177, Kansas[51][114]
- James Doolittle, U.S. general. Hollenbeck Masonic Lodge #319, Los Angeles.[26]
- Jim Douglas, governor of Vermont[115]
- Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. senator, Lincoln–Douglas debates. Springfield Lodge No. 4, Grand Orator of Illinois Grand Lodge.[116]
- Tommy Douglas, Canadian politician. Weyburn Lodge No. 20, Weyburn, Saskatchewan.[51]
- Arthur Conan Doyle, British physician and author, creator of Sherlock Holmes
- Edwin Drake, U.S. oil industry pioneer. Oil Creek Lodge No. 3, Titusville, Pennsylvania.[96]
- Richard Dreyfuss, U.S. actor, made a Mason at Sight by the Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of the District of Columbia[117]
- Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, French military officer who served as a general in the American Revolutionary War and a leader of the Garde Nationale during the French Revolution[118]
- Juan Pablo Duarte, Dominican businessman, writer, political activist and ideological leader of the Dominican Republic's independence
- Henry Dunant, founder of the Red Cross; shared the first Nobel Prize[119]
- John Boyd Dunlop, Scottish inventor[4]
- Joseph Duveen, 1st Baron Duveen, UK art dealer. Royal Colonial Institute Lodge No. 3556.[119]
- ↑ (en) Famous Freemasons in the Course of History. stjohnslodgedc.org. Gearchiveerd op 16 november 2015. Geraadpleegd op 30 september 2018.
- ↑ a b c d Masonic Actors, Musicians and Screen Writers. Phoenixmasonry.org. Gearchiveerd op 1 February 2016. Geraadpleegd op 25 april 2012. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "Phoenixmasonry.org" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Famous Filipino Mason – Nicanor Abelardo. Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the Philippines (21 March 1934). Gearchiveerd op 7 August 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ a b c Famous Scottish Freemasons. Gearchiveerd op 28 June 2012. Geraadpleegd op 3 mei 2013. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "FamousScottishFreemasons" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf Denslow, William R. (1957). 10,000 Famous Freemasons. Missouri Lodge of Research, Columbia. Gearchiveerd op 12 May 2013. Geraadpleegd op 26 June 2013. (digital document by phoenixmasonry: vol. 1 , 2 Sjabloon:Webarchive, 3 Sjabloon:Webarchive, 4 )
- ↑ Research, Masonic, Famous Freemasons. Pinal Lodge No. 30. Gearchiveerd op 8 december 2012. Geraadpleegd op 28 July 2012.
- ↑ a b c Fellows of the Royal Society who are or were Freemasons, listed alphabetically. Gearchiveerd op 2 december 2012. Geraadpleegd op 9 november 2012. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam ":0" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Famous Filipino Mason – Bishop G. Aglipay. Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the Philippines. Gearchiveerd op 14 October 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ (en) Hodapp, Christopher L., Apollo 11 Freemasons and The Moon (20 juli 2009). Gearchiveerd op 7 February 2016. Geraadpleegd op 17 juni 2013.
- ↑ Americas Astronauts – Masonic First Day Covers. Phoenix Masonry. Gearchiveerd op 27 August 2015. Geraadpleegd op 17 June 2013.
- ↑ Edward O. Weisser, Past Grand Master of Pennsylvania, Buzz Aldrin, Astronaut and Famous Mason of the 20th Century. Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. Gearchiveerd op 6 January 2014. Geraadpleegd op 17 June 2013.
- ↑ Freemasons in Space. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Gearchiveerd op 9 september 2015. Geraadpleegd op 17 June 2013.
- ↑ Sources disagree as to both birth and death dates
- ↑ Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon A.F. & A.M., Mrs. Elizabeth Aldworth (25 januari 2002). Gearchiveerd op 20 januari 2016. Geraadpleegd op 25 april 2007. “Upon secretly observing the first two degrees of a lodge at labour in her father's home, she was discovered and, after discussion, initiated in the Entered Apprentice and Fellowcraft Degree. A champion of Freemasonry”
- ↑ a b Galerija poznatih masona poznati masoni u svetu i Srbiji masonerija. www.vmls.org.rs. Gearchiveerd op 11 June 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "vmls" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Famous Freemasons Masonic Presidents. Calodges.org. Gearchiveerd op 2 augustus 2008. Geraadpleegd op 12 januari 2010.
- ↑ Salvador Allende. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 27 August 2012. Geraadpleegd op 25 June 2013.
- ↑ Hamill, John (2006). 'The Masons' Candidate': New Welcome Lodge No. 5139 and the Parliamentary Labour Party. Labour History Review 71: 9–41. DOI: 10.1179/174581806X103862.
- ↑ a b c (2000) The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-63099-1 Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "ReferenceA" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ (en) Hamill, John, Gilert, Robert (1992). Freemasonry: A Celebration of the Craft. Mackenzie, St. Albans, Herts.. ISBN 978-0-9516355-2-0.
- ↑ Masoniclibrary.com. Gearchiveerd op 3 december 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Eddy Arnold. Gearchiveerd op 6 december 2016.
- ↑ Crook, Joe Mordaunt (2019). Oxford Freemasons: A Social History of the Apollo University Lodge, 1st. Bodleian Library, Oxford. ISBN 978-1-85124-467-6.
- ↑ Rose, Gerry (29 november 1993). How The Venetian Takeover of England and Its Creation of Freemasonry, Conference Address by Gerald Rose, Schiller Institute Conference, September, 1993. The New Federalist (The American Almanac). Gearchiveerd van origineel op 31 March 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ a b "Famous Free Masons: Athletes", U.S. News & World Report. Gearchiveerd op 8 June 2013. Geraadpleegd op 31 december 2016. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "US News" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ a b c AASR hall of fame. Srmason-sj.org. Gearchiveerd op 8 February 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "AASR-hall" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Gene Autry. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Gearchiveerd op 21 september 2015. Geraadpleegd op 23 april 2012.
- ↑ Famous Freemasons. Out of darkness light. Gearchiveerd op 31 January 2021. Geraadpleegd op 27 februari 2021.
- ↑ Johann Christian Bach. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon (19 March 2001). Gearchiveerd op 23 October 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ a b c UGLE's "Famous masons" page. Gearchiveerd op 3 June 2013. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "UGLE-1" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ "Edward Jenner – Freemason and Natural Philosopher" In Freemasonry Today The Official Journal of the United Grand Lodge of England. UGLE. Gearchiveerd op 9 February 2014. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2012.
- ↑ Lazar, Peter (2009). It's No Secret, Real Men Wear Aprons. Masonic Care Ltd Australia, p. 41. ISBN 978-0-646-52446-7.
- ↑ a b Large List of Notable and Famous Australian Freemasons. Gearchiveerd op 23 april 2012. Geraadpleegd op 17 april 2012. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "lodgedevotion.net" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon (4 October 1904). Gearchiveerd op 29 september 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Famous Australian Freemasons. United Grand Lodge of Victoria. Gearchiveerd op 19 March 2012. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2012.
- ↑ Who are some well known Australian Freemasons?. Grand Lodge of South Australia and Northern Territory. Gearchiveerd op 2 May 2013. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2012.
- ↑ Fast facts Edmund Barton. National Archives of Australia. Australia's Prime Ministers. Gearchiveerd op 5 March 2019. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2012.
- ↑ a b Masonic Prime Ministers Of Australia. The Lectern. In 'The Lectern' The Official Publication of the W.H.J. Mayers Memorial Lodge of Research Holden Under the Charter of Gregory Lodge No. 50h Uglq (6 October 2008). Gearchiveerd op 30 March 2014. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ a b Large List of Notable and Famous Australian Freemasons. D Hudson. Gearchiveerd op 23 april 2012. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2012.
- ↑ It's No Secret, Real Men Wear Aprons. Published by Masonic Care Ltd Australia (2010), p. 42. ISBN 978-0-646-52446-7.
- ↑ Famous Masons. Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Missouri PHA-F&AM. Gearchiveerd op 16 January 2016. Geraadpleegd op 26 april 2012.
- ↑ Chevalier D'Eon De Beaumont. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 17 October 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Origins of the Grand Lodge of Delaware. www.masonsindelaware.org. Gearchiveerd op 9 October 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Exsequi Lodge History: Famous Freemasons. Gearchiveerd op 30 October 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ (de) Papenheim, Martin Fout! Geen datum gegeven.. Suche nach dem Grund allen Seins [The Search for the Reason of all Life]. Damals (5): 24–31
- ↑ Irving Berlin. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Gearchiveerd op 22 October 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ The Harvard Dictionary of Music (Google eBook), 4th. Harvard University Press (2003), "Freemasonry and Music", 333–334. ISBN 0-674-01163-5. Gearchiveerd op 29 november 2023. Geraadpleegd op 31 August 2012 "Other composer-masons include Spohr, Meyerbeer, Mendelssohn, Listz, Puccini, John Philip Sousa, and Irving Berlin"
- ↑ Hiram Lodge website. Gearchiveerd op 9 February 2014. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ a b Supreme Court. bessel.org (27 March 2023). Gearchiveerd op 12 January 2016. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "Bessel-sc" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Mel Blanc. www.freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 9 October 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ a b c d e f A few famous freemasons. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 4 October 2001. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "GLBC&Y" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Simón Bolívar. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon (28 January 2002). Gearchiveerd op 1 October 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Andres Bonifacio Lodge No. 199. Abl199.org (26 October 1973). Gearchiveerd op 10 February 2010. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Sir Robert Laird Borden. www.freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 4 april 2023. Geraadpleegd op 26 november 2023.
- ↑ John Hamill and Robert Gilert (Eds.), Freemasonry, a Celebration of the Craft, p. 227 (J.G. Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9516355-2-2
- ↑ a b c d Gettysburg. Bessel.org. Gearchiveerd op 6 March 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010. Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "autogenerated2" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia (2000). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-63099-1
- ↑ Welcome to the George Washington National Masonic Memorial. Gwmemorial.org. Gearchiveerd op 13 August 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Famous Australian Freemasons. Freemasonsvic.net.au. Gearchiveerd op 31 July 2012. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Lazar, Peter (2009). It's No Secret, Real Men Wear Aprons. Masonic Care Ltd Australia, p. 56. ISBN 978-0-646-52446-7.
- ↑ FAQs. Grand Lodge of South Australia and Northern Territory. Gearchiveerd op 2 May 2013. Geraadpleegd op 16 april 2012.
- ↑ Elder, John, "Of Myths and Men", The Age, 4 april 2010. Gearchiveerd op 13 november 2012. Geraadpleegd op 16 april 2012.
- ↑ Reid, Robert. Freemasons are... Sporting Legends. Freemasonry Victoria (113). Gearchiveerd van origineel op 24 april 2013.
- ↑ Masonic Care Community of New York. Masonichomeny.org. Gearchiveerd op 17 september 2010. Geraadpleegd op 6 August 2010.
- ↑ a b Citefout: Onjuist label
<ref>; er is geen tekst opgegeven voor referenties met de naamStoica - ↑ Frimurer Anders Behring. Tv2.no. Gearchiveerd op 17 August 2014. Geraadpleegd op 24 July 2011.
- ↑ (2007). Frimureren legger spesielle betydninger i de enkelte symboler. Gearchiveerd op 5 January 2019. Frimurerbladet (3)
- ↑ World's Oldest Man is a Brother. Masons of California. Gearchiveerd op 30 October 2016. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2011.
- ↑ Oldest Man in North America Is Also Oldest Shriner. YAARAB Shrine of Atlanta. Gearchiveerd op 25 June 2011. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2011.
- ↑ "World's Oldest Man Dies in U.S. at Age of 114", Fox News, 14 april 2011. Gearchiveerd op 18 april 2011. Geraadpleegd op 15 april 2011.
- ↑ a b (de) Osterrieder, Markus, Der prophezeite Krieg. CeltoSlavica (2010). Gearchiveerd op 10 August 2016. Geraadpleegd op 10 november 2014. “Zwar war er im Juli 1887 am Tag der Initiation in die Loge Le Trait d'Union nicht anwesend, obwohl er mehrfach den Antrag auf Aufnahme gestellt hatte, trat jedoch 1895 der sozialistisch orientierten, antikapitalistischen und antiparlamentarischen Loge Les Chevaliers du Travail (gegründet 1893) bei, [...] Vgl Michel Gaudart de Soulages, Hubert Lamant: Dictionnaire des francs-maçons français. Paris 1995, S. 197–198; Henri Casteix: Aristide Briand et la franc-maçonnerie. Histoire sans passion de la franc-maçonnerie française. Paris 1987, ss. 229–236; Encyclopédie de la franc-maçonnerie. Hrsg. v. Eric Sauntier. Paris 1999, S. 146f.; Dictionnaire de la franc –maçonnerie. Hrsg. v. Daniel Ligou. Paris 2004, ss. 243–245.”
- ↑ (fr) Castex, Henri (1987). Aristide Briand et la franc-maçonnerie: histoire sans passion de la franc-maçonnerie française. Editions L.P.F., p. 226. ISBN 978-2-904988-04-2. Gearchiveerd op 29 november 2023. Geraadpleegd op 6 november 2014 "Après une notice biographique très condensée, le rédacteur de cette brochure précise : "Aristide Briand...Initié à la loge "Le Trait d'union", de St-Nazaire, affilié à la loge "les Chevaliers du travail" de l'Orient de Paris"."
- ↑ (fr) Mayeur, Jean Marie (2003). Les parlementaires de la troisième république. Publications de la Sorbonne, p. 114. ISBN 978-2-85944-484-6. Gearchiveerd op 29 november 2023. Geraadpleegd op 6 november 2014 "La non-appartenance à la franc-maçonnerie d'Aristide Briand, né à Nantes en 1862, s'explique par le fait que la loge Le Trait d'Union Orient de Saint-Nazaire l'avait déclaré "indigne de faire partie de la grande famille maçonnique le 6 septembre 1889"."
- ↑ (2000) The Cambridge Biographical Encyclopedia Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-63099-1
- ↑ It's No Secret, Real Men Wear Aprons. Published by Masonic Care Ltd Australia 2009 (2010), p. 59. ISBN 978-0-646-52446-7.
- ↑ Cotner, Robert, "Osiris Noble Frank Buckles, Eldest Shriner, Dies in West Virginia", Shrinelines, 4 March 2011. Gearchiveerd op 21 March 2012.
- ↑ Famous Masons, Grand Orient of Belgium website. Gearchiveerd op 8 February 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Baron Edward George Earle Bulwer-Lytton. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 17 december 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Freemasons. Grand Lodge of the State of New York. (1886). Proceedings of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of New York. The Grand Lodge, New York, p. 95.
- ↑ Robert Burns, Auld Lang Syne. Masonmusic.org. Gearchiveerd op 29 april 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Lee H. Fenn, True Masonic History is Yours to Preserve and Make. Massachusetts Freemasons (11 July 2016). Gearchiveerd op 22 december 2018. Geraadpleegd op 21 december 2018.
- ↑ Famous Masons, Grand Orient of Belgium website. Gearchiveerd op 8 February 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Famous Filipino Mason – Manuel Camus. Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the Philippines (22 december 1949). Gearchiveerd op 14 October 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Benjamin L. Cardin. www.nndb.com. Gearchiveerd op 8 January 2018. Geraadpleegd op 30 december 2017.
- ↑ Freemasonry: The Square and Compasses A book online by W.M.Bro.D.Falconer. www.freemasons-freemasor, nry.com. Gearchiveerd op 10 december 2016. Geraadpleegd op 19 september 2017.
- ↑ a b c John Hamill and Robert Gilert (Eds.), Freemasonry, A Celebration Of The Craft p. 229 (J.G. Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9516355-2-2 Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "autogenerated13" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Plummer, Charles W., General and Brother Joshua L. Chamberlain. MasonicWorld.com. Gearchiveerd op 2 February 2016. Geraadpleegd op 16 July 2007.
- ↑ La Loge des Neufs Soeurs. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 13 May 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ (cs) Lobkowicz, František (1995). Encyklopedie řádů a vyznamenání. Libri, Prague, p. 171. ISBN 80-901579-9-8.
- ↑ R.W.Bro. Sir James Charles Chatterton Provincial Grand Master of Munster. Irish Masonic History and the Jewels of Irish Freemasonry. Gearchiveerd op 20 november 2016. Geraadpleegd op 19 november 2016.
- ↑ Churchill, Lord Randolph, Churchill Freemason. Churchills who were Freemasons. freemasons-freemasonry/com. Gearchiveerd op 26 July 2015. Geraadpleegd op 30 July 2012.
- ↑ Churchill, Randolph, Masonic Papers. The Development of the Craft in England. freemasons-freemasonary.com. Gearchiveerd op 14 July 2014. Geraadpleegd op 30 July 2012.
- ↑ Famous Masons. Gearchiveerd op 22 May 2013. Geraadpleegd op 25 april 2018.
- ↑ Pa Freemason May 03 – Treasures of the Temple. Pagrandlodge.org. Gearchiveerd op 11 June 2003. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Rep. James E. Clyburn – HuffPost. www.huffingtonpost.com. Gearchiveerd op 10 september 2017. Geraadpleegd op 21 november 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i John Hamill and Robert Gilert (Eds.), Freemasonry, A Celebration of the Craft p. 230 (J.G. Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9516355-2-2 Citefout: Ongeldig label
<ref>; de naam "autogenerated8" wordt meerdere keren met andere inhoud gedefinieerd. - ↑ Gray, David (2012). The History of the Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Ohio F&AM 1971–2011: The Fabric of Freemasonry. Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Ohio F&AM, Columbus, p. 414. ISBN 978-0-615-63295-7.
- ↑ Meades, Jonathan, "Bigots united", Books.guardian.co.uk, 9 October 2005. Gearchiveerd op 14 november 2007. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ "The secret we should all be let in on", The Age, 3 september 2002. Gearchiveerd op 27 april 2012. Geraadpleegd op 17 april 2012.
- ↑ Famous Australian Freemasons. Seymour Freemasons Lodge 87. Gearchiveerd op 26 February 2012. Geraadpleegd op 17 april 2012.
- ↑ Lazar, Peter (2009). It's No Secret, Real Men Wear Aprons. Masonic Care Ltd Australia, p. 61. ISBN 978-0-646-52446-7.
- ↑ (es) Coudenhove-Kalergi, Richard N. (1 september 2011). Pan-Europa, Félix de la Fuente (translation), Otto von Habsburg (prologue). Paneuropa Verlag GmbH, Augsburg and Ediciones Encuentro, S. A., Madrid, "Anexo El hombre y el movimiento. Esbozo biográfico de Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi", 190–191. ISBN 978-84-9920-554-0 "Iniciado en 1922 en la logia Humanitas de Viena"
- ↑ Rob Tillett, Digital Online Technology Pty Ltd, South Australian Freemasonry. Freemasonrysaust.org.au (7 april 2005). Gearchiveerd op 6 March 2010. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Francesco Crispi. Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Gearchiveerd op 23 October 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ United Grand Lodge of England Masonic Year Book. UGLE, London (2017–2018).
- ↑ ALeister Crowley: Freemason!. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 5 december 2010. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Totò massone. Nell'archivio storico del Grande Oriente i suoi documenti (8 november 2016). Gearchiveerd op 14 July 2018. Geraadpleegd op 15 January 2019.
- ↑ USS Baron DeKalb: The Masonic Ironclad?. www.phoenixmasonry.org. Gearchiveerd op 3 april 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ A Short History of The Macdonald Lodge No 1216. Gearchiveerd op 18 January 2017. Geraadpleegd op 14 January 2017.
- ↑ Portugal People. Portugal-info.net. Gearchiveerd op 25 October 2015. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ The Hystory Of Freemasonry In Turkey. Freemasons-freemasonry.com. Gearchiveerd op 11 October 2009. Geraadpleegd op 12 January 2010.
- ↑ Well Known Freemasons. Grand Lodge of British Columbia A.F. & A. M. Gearchiveerd op 25 January 2022. Geraadpleegd op 13 February 2013.
- ↑ John Theophilus Desaguliers. freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 8 August 2022. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Allen E. Roberts (1992). Freemasonry in American History. Macoy Pub. & Masonic Supply Co, "Senator Bob Dole", 408–410. ISBN 978-0-88053-078-1.
- ↑ James H. Douglas, Governor of Vermont. Vermont Masonry in Action. Grand Lodge of Vermont. Gearchiveerd op 22 June 2007. Geraadpleegd op 16 July 2007.
- ↑ Stephen, Douglas, Famous Masons. Pinal Lodge No. 30. Gearchiveerd op 8 december 2012. Geraadpleegd op 28 July 2012.
- ↑ Freemasons For Dummies: Washington D.C.'s Universal Brotherhood Weekend (14 June 2011). Gearchiveerd op 12 March 2012. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ Gilbert Lafayette. www.freemasonry.bcy.ca. Gearchiveerd op 18 March 2013. Geraadpleegd op 21 april 2013.
- ↑ a b John Hamill and Robert Gilert (Eds.), Freemasonry, A Celebration Of The Craft p. 231 (J.G. Press, 1998) ISBN 0-9516355-2-2
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