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[[File:Propranolol-2D-skeletal.png|thumb|[[Kalanseng formula]] ning[[propranolol]], ing mumunang migluid a clinical beta blocker]]
Deng '''Beta blockers''' (neng misan misusulat bilang '''β-blocker''') metung lang pinduan a [[medication|panulu]] a gagamitan da kareng miyayaliwang signus, dapot lalung lalu na keng pamanalan o pamangasiwa keng [[cardiac arrhythmia]] ampong pamaningat keng pusu kaibat ning [[myocardial infarction]]. Inya iti ing mumunang pamanulu keng matas a prisyun o [[hypertension]], deng karelang agagawa mebawas a alaga inyang Juniu [[2006]] ning [[United Kingdom]] keng pang-apat a gulis a nung nu ela mabisa kalupa da reng aliwang panulu, lalu da kareng mangatuang atin [[erectile dysfunction]] ampong [[Steatorrhea|manalas a pitaklan]], ampong darakal ing katibayan na deng maralas a magagamit a beta-blockers lalunglaluna deng piayabe kareng [[thiazide]]-a pinduan a [[diuretic]]s a maging sangkan ing mikaka [[Diabetes mellitus type 2|type 2 diabetes]] la.<ref name="ref1">{{cite web | author= Sheetal Ladva | title=NICE and BHS launch updated hypertension guideline | url=http://www.nelm.nhs.uk/Record%20Viewing/viewRecord.aspx?id=567178 | date=28/06/2006 | publisher=[[National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence]] | accessdate=2006-09-30}}</ref>


Ing [[Propranolol]] iya ing mumunang diling clinically a gamitan a beta adrdmejjkdikdnergic [[receptor antagonist]]. Inimbentu neng Sir [[James W. Black]], iti elilan na ing pamangasiwa keng pamanulu keng [[angina pectoris]] ampong iti ing pekamaulagang ambag keng clinical a pamanulu ampong keng [[pharmacology]] ngening pang20ng dilanua.<ref name="propranolol">{{cite web | year=1997 | url=http://texasheart.org/Education/THIJournal/SIRJAMES.cfm | author=Melanie Patricia Stapleton | title=Sir James Black and Propranolol | publisher=Texas Heart Institute Journal | accessdate=2008-04-16 | archivedate=2006-09-04 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904225429/http://texasheart.org/Education/THIJournal/SIRJAMES.cfm }}</ref>
Ing [[Propranolol]] iya ing mumunang diling clinically a gamitan a beta adrenergic [[receptor antagonist]]. Inimbentu neng Sir [[James W. Black]], iti elilan na ing pamangasiwa keng pamanulu keng [[angina pectoris]] ampong iti ing pekamaulagang ambag keng clinical a pamanulu ampong keng [[pharmacology]] ngening pang20ng dilanua.<ref name="propranolol">{{cite web | year=1997 | url=http://texasheart.org/Education/THIJournal/SIRJAMES.cfm | author=Melanie Patricia Stapleton | title=Sir James Black and Propranolol | publisher=Texas Heart Institute Journal | accessdate=2008-04-16 | archivedate=2006-09-04 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904225429/http://texasheart.org/Education/THIJournal/SIRJAMES.cfm }}</ref>


Deng Beta blockers malyari la naman idldidkkdkdkaleraya bilang '''beta-adrenergic pangsabagal a agenti''', '''beta-adrenergic panglaban''', o kaya '''beta panglaban'''.
Deng Beta blockers malyari la naman idaleraya bilang '''beta-adrenergic pangsabagal a agenti''', '''beta-adrenergic panglaban''', o kaya '''beta panglaban'''.


== Pharmacology ==
macology ==
Deng Beta blockers sasabatan na ing gawa ning jjjkkekdkdk[[endogenous]] [[catecholamine]]s ([[epinephrine]] ([[adrenaline]]) ampong [[norepinephrine]] (noradrenaline) lalu na ing mismung ), keng β-[[adrenergic receptor]]s, dake ning [[sympakkkkkkkkkkkthetic nervous systekdkdm]] nung nu iti ing mamagitan keng "[[laban o mamakong]]" pakibat.
Deng Beta blockers sasabatan na ing gawa ning [[endogenous]] [[catecholamine]]s ([[epinephrine]] ([[adrenaline]]) ampong [[norepinephrine]] (noradrenaline) lalu na ing mismung ), keng β-[[adrenergic receptor]]s, dake ning [[sympathetic nervous system]] nung nu iti ing mamagitan keng "[[laban o mamakong]]" pakibat.


Atin atlung kebaluan a pinduan da reng receptor, mitulduan bilang β<sub>1</sub>, βbbbbbbb<sub>2</sub> ampong β<sub>3</sub>. β<sub>1</sub>-Deng adrenergic receptors keraklan atiu la keng [[pusu]] ampong [[batu]]. β<sub>2</sub>-Deng adrenergic receptors atiu la keraklan ken], [[bituka]], [[ate]], [[palaanakan]] vascular smooth muscle, ampong kalamnan keng [[bungu]]. β<sub>3</sub>-Deng receptors atiu la kareng taba da reng [[cells]].
Atin atlung kebaluan a pinduan da reng receptor, mitulduan bilang β<sub>1</sub>, β<sub>2</sub> ampong β<sub>3</sub>. β<sub>1</sub>-Deng adrenergic receptors keraklan atiu la keng [[pusu]] ampong [[batu]]. β<sub>2</sub>-Deng adrenergic receptors atiu la keraklan keng [[baga]], [[bituka]], [[ate]], [[palaanakan]] vascular smooth muscle, ampong kalamnan keng [[bungu]]. β<sub>3</sub>-Deng receptors atiu la kareng taba da reng [[cells]].


Deng alimbawa da reng beta-blockers abe la reng : Sectral, Zebeta, Brevibloc, Inderal, Tenormine, Normodyne, Coreg, ampong Lopressor
Deng alimbawa da reng beta-blockers abe la reng : Sectral, Zebeta, Brevibloc, Inderal, Tenormine, Normodyne, Coreg, ampong Lopressor

Ing kasalungsungan a pamagbayu aniang 19:08, 4 Nobyembri 2024

Kalanseng formula ningpropranolol, ing mumunang migluid a clinical beta blocker

Deng Beta blockers (neng misan misusulat bilang β-blocker) metung lang pinduan a panulu a gagamitan da kareng miyayaliwang signus, dapot lalung lalu na keng pamanalan o pamangasiwa keng cardiac arrhythmia ampong pamaningat keng pusu kaibat ning myocardial infarction. Inya iti ing mumunang pamanulu keng matas a prisyun o hypertension, deng karelang agagawa mebawas a alaga inyang Juniu 2006 ning United Kingdom keng pang-apat a gulis a nung nu ela mabisa kalupa da reng aliwang panulu, lalu da kareng mangatuang atin erectile dysfunction ampong manalas a pitaklan, ampong darakal ing katibayan na deng maralas a magagamit a beta-blockers lalunglaluna deng piayabe kareng thiazide-a pinduan a diuretics a maging sangkan ing mikaka type 2 diabetes la.[1]

Ing Propranolol iya ing mumunang diling clinically a gamitan a beta adrenergic receptor antagonist. Inimbentu neng Sir James W. Black, iti elilan na ing pamangasiwa keng pamanulu keng angina pectoris ampong iti ing pekamaulagang ambag keng clinical a pamanulu ampong keng pharmacology ngening pang20ng dilanua.[2]

Deng Beta blockers malyari la naman idaleraya bilang beta-adrenergic pangsabagal a agenti, beta-adrenergic panglaban, o kaya beta panglaban.

Pharmacology

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Deng Beta blockers sasabatan na ing gawa ning endogenous catecholamines (epinephrine (adrenaline) ampong norepinephrine (noradrenaline) lalu na ing mismung ), keng β-adrenergic receptors, dake ning sympathetic nervous system nung nu iti ing mamagitan keng "laban o mamakong" pakibat.

Atin atlung kebaluan a pinduan da reng receptor, mitulduan bilang β1, β2 ampong β3. β1-Deng adrenergic receptors keraklan atiu la keng pusu ampong batu. β2-Deng adrenergic receptors atiu la keraklan keng baga, bituka, ate, palaanakan vascular smooth muscle, ampong kalamnan keng bungu. β3-Deng receptors atiu la kareng taba da reng cells.

Deng alimbawa da reng beta-blockers abe la reng : Sectral, Zebeta, Brevibloc, Inderal, Tenormine, Normodyne, Coreg, ampong Lopressor

β-Receptor panglaban

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Ustung mayayapis la reng β1 receptors kareng epinephrine iti maginduce lang positive chronotropic ampong inotropic a uyab keng pusu ampong dadakalan na ing cardiac conduction velocity ampong automaticity. Ing mayayapis a β1 receptors keng batu lulual la reng renin. Ing pangayapis da reng β2 receptors mipapainawa lang reng smooth muscle (ing uyab na ing vasodilation ampong bronchodilation (pamamuklat da reng broncho), iti mikakagalgal keng kalamnan keng bungu, ampong darakal ing glycogenolysis keng ate ampong kalamnan keng bungu. Ing pamanapis ning β3 receptors maging lipolysis.

Deng Beta blockers sasabatan nala dening normal epinephrine-mediated sympathetic a gawa, dapot ditak mu ing uyab kareng makapainawa. Nung nu babawasan na ing uyab keng pangabigla/sikan a pamagpilit keng kabug ning pusu, ampong king kayang pangapisil, pangabuklat da reng uyat, ampong pamamuklat da reng bronchi, ampong pangaritak ning galgal ampong pamaglaso keng glycogen.


β2-Selective agents

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Side Effects / Kabulasan katataulian

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]
  • Mababang prisyun a daya
  • Mabagal a pitig ning pusu
  • Epamandagus ning daya
  • kelan tudtud
  • Pamagpalya ning pusu
  • Asthma
  • Sobrang kalungkutan
  • Kelan libi o pamanalakad
  • Kaibug manyuka
  • Sakit buntuk
  • Malilyu
  • Pamamulikat

Uauangis a impormasyun

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Pharmacological a pamialiwa

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]
  • Deng agents a atin intrinsic sympathomimetic action (ISA)
    • Acebutolol, carteolol, celiprolol, mepindolol, oxprenolol, pindolol
  • Deng agents a atin masdakal a aqueous solubility
    • Atenolol, celiprolol, nadolol, sotalol
  • Deng agents a a atin membrane stabilising pamangimut
    • Acebutolol, betaxolol, pindolol, propranolol
  • Deng agents atin antioxidant a uyab
    • Carvedilol
    • Nebivolol

Pawagang pamialiwa

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]

Ing Propranolol iya kabud a agenti a indicasyun para panglaban keng tremor, portal hypertension ampong esophageal variceal a pamandaya, ampong keng pamangamit kambe ning α-blocker a pamanulu keng [phaeochromocytoma]].[3]

dalerayan

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]
  • Katzung, Bertram G. (2004). Basic & clinical pharmacology, 9th edition, New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill, 130, table 9-3. ISBN 0-07-144097-6. 


Suglung Palual

[mag-edit | alilan ya ing pikuwanan]
v • d • e
Beta blockers (C07)
Non-selective β antagonistsMetipranolol • Nadolol • Oxprenolol • Penbutolol • Pindolol • Propranolol • Tertatolol • Timolol • Sotalol
β1 antagonists (cardioselective)Atenolol • Acebutolol • Celiprolol • Betaxolol • Bisoprolol • Esmolol • Metoprolol • Nebivolol
Mixed α1/β antagonistsCarvedilol • Labetalol

Template:Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics Template:Major Drug Groups Template:Receptor agonists and antagonists

  1. ↑ Sheetal Ladva (28/06/2006). NICE and BHS launch updated hypertension guideline. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Retrieved on 2006-09-30.
  2. ↑ Melanie Patricia Stapleton (1997). Sir James Black and Propranolol. Texas Heart Institute Journal. Archived from the original on 2006-09-04. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Rossi
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