99 Verbs Cheatsheet
99 Verbs Cheatsheet
99 Verbs Cheatsheet
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Resumo | Cheat Sheet
99 verbos | 99 verbs
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20 verbos explicados e com exemplos
20 verbs explained & with examples
2. Estar To Be 5
4. Vir To Come 8
5. Ir To Go 9
6. Dar To Give 10
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1.Ser
(To Be)
This verb is used to talk about things that are permanent, or that are less suitable to
change.
What do I mean?
Of course, even if we change over life, we consider our personality traces or identity
to be stable (who we are). Or at least, it is not changing everyday, unlike how we are, how
we feel, where we are...
So, we would use the verb SER in Portuguese for sentences like:
Eu sou a Sílvia.
(I am Sílvia)
Eu sou Portuguesa.
(I am Portuguese)
(I am a Portuguese woman)
(I am a Portuguese teacher)
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We could also use it to locate buildings or places that, for its dimensions, never
change its position (or don’t change often/everyday). For example:
Onde é a praia?
Onde é Portugal?
(Where is Portugal?)
Onde é a escola?
2.Estar
(To be)
Differently from the verb Ser (previous section), the verb Estar is used to talk about
objects or subjects that are less permanent, or that can change its place or characteristics
easily. So for example:
WHERE I am can easily change, as I move around easily throughout my day, week,
month, life…
HOW I AM FEELING also can change rapidly, because I can wake up really happy
and suddenly get upset by something, tired, sad, overexcited, anxious etc…
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So we can say sentences like:
Onde estás?
Eu estou na praia!
(I am at the beach)
Como estás?
Eu também estou.
(I am also = me too)
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3.Ter
(To Have Got)
1.
Mostly it’s used to express possession and ownership:
2.
We also express our age through this verb:
Eu tenho 33 anos.
(I have 33 years = I’m 33 years old)
3.
When we talk about body sensations or feelings:
Tenho fome.
(I have hunger = I’m hungry)
Tenho sede.
(I’m thirsty)
Tenho frio.
(I’m cold)
Tenho medo.
(I’m scared)
Tenho a certeza!
(I’m sure!)
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4.
I have got to/I must - When associated to the prepositions de or que*:
* the preposition de is the most correct, although que is often used in orality.
4.Vir
(To come)
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Eu vim para a praia às 8h da manhã.
(I came to beach at 8am) - When I say this, I am currently at the beach, I explain
when I came there.
Eu vim para Portugal na semana passada.
(I came to Portugal last week) - When I say this, I am currently in Portugal, I explain
when I came there.
Eu vim para a festa com a Joana.
(I came to the party with Joana) - When I say this, I am currently at the party, I
explain how I came there.
5.Ir
(To Go)
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Eu vou para a Alemanha amanhã.
(I go to Germany tomorrow)
Eu vou contigo.
(I go with you)
6.Dar
(To Give)
Whenever I want to express the action of giving something I’ll use this verb.
But, this verb also helps to build many expressions that aren’t translatable in English
as to give. For example:
1.
Dar um passeio.
(To go on a stroll)
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2.
Dar certo.
(To work out alright)
3.
Dar errado
(To not work out as planned/To go wrong)
4.
Dar jeito.
(To be useful)
5.
Dar-se conta.
(To notice, to realize)
7.Fazer
(To Do or To Make)
(I do a lot of things)
Eu faço um plano.
(I make a plan)
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It’s also a verb the I can use to express sports of activities that I do, for example:
8.Dizer
(To say or To Tell)
Diz-me a verdade!
Eu digo-te a verdade!
Eu digo-te um segredo!
(I said yes)
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Eu disse que não.
(I said no)
9.Trazer
(To Bring or To Carry)
This verb is strictly used for things that you can “transport" and/or bring along with
you. This works for objective things (any object, the cellphone, the purse…) and for
subjective things too (happiness, fear, any kind of feelings…).
If you look at the following examples, you will see that they are associated with
things that we bring closer. It can be that we bring it closer to us, or closer to someone else,
but this is important to notice:
10.Levar
(To Take or To Carry)
This verb can have these two translations. You might ask what’s the difference
between Levar e Trazer (the verb we just saw before)? So, here it is:
1.
Trazer - There is the transportation of something that comes closer to the one who
will receive it, or to the nal destination.
2.
Levar - There is the transportation of the object, wherever the transporter goes. The
transporter takes it it with them, it can take it away.
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Podes levar as compras contigo?
(Can you take the groceries with you - in a situation where the transporter is going
away)
11.Tomar
(To Take or to Have)
So, what’s the difference between Tomar and Levar (the verb we just saw before)?
Both can translate as To Take, but they are different.
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Tomar, on the other hand is used in very speci c contexts. Although this can seem
too speci c, it’s very common to say one of these things everyday:
1.
Tomar banho.
2.
Tomar o pequeno-almoço.
3.
Tomar café.
4.
5.
Toma!
(Here, have it - when I have something in my hand and I pass it/give it to someone
else)
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12.Apanhar
(To Catch)
Anything that you can catch, like a disease, an object that is thrown at you, an object
that is on the oor and also a way of transportation. Here are some examples:
Apanhaste o comboio?
Apanhar boleia.
(I caught a cold)
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fl
fl
13.Ver
(To See)
This one doesn’t require a lot of explanation, but a big difference from English is that,
in Portuguese, we “see” TV, we “see a TV show”, we “see” a movie…
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14.Querer
(To Want)
Whenever you want to express what you want, a wish, a desire or even order at the
restaurant you can use this verb. Here are some examples:
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15.Poder
(Can)
Podes ajudar-me?
Sim, posso!
(Yes, I can!)
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16.Conseguir
(Can or To Be Able To)
Conseguir is mostly used for situations where I can do an action because I have the
internal of physical tools to do so 💪 (inner will, body strength, mental strength, energy,
intelligence, knowledge, physical ability, belief, etc…). In other words:
a) I can open the door because I have the strength and the ability to do so (I learned
how to do it as a child) - in this case I would use the verb Conseguir. On another hand,
if I can’t open the door because I was told not to, then I would use the verb Poder (it
doesn’t depend on me, it’s an external cause related to permission/prohibition).
b) I can do a certain job, because I know how to do it, I have the knowledge (I
studied, I practiced, I have intellect) - in this case I would also use the verb Conseguir.
But, if I can’t to the job because I don’t have the degree, then I legally am not allowed
to do it and I would use here the verb Poder.
Não consigo aprender portugês! (belief - and a wrong one, because you can
actually learn it!)
Felizmente consegui ultrapassar este problema, mas foi muito difícil (inner will)
Luckily, I was able to overcome this problem, but it was very hard.
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Eu consigo conduzir carros, mas não posso porque não tenho carta de condução.
I can drive cars, but I can’t do it because I don’t have a drivers license.
Consegues ouvir-me?
17.Pedir
(To Ask For or To Request)
As I mention above 👆 this verb is used to ask for things (objects, help, favors) or to
request those things. We can also use this verb to order things at the store, at the
supermarket, at the restaurant…
If you want to describe the action “ask a question” then you are not asking for a thing
and you will use a different verb, which is described on the following section.
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Can I ask you for a favor?
Can I ask you for your car? (as to borrow the car)
This one doesn’t translate very well in English, I know! Basically what we are saying
here is “I want to say sorry”, in Portuguese what you are literally saying is “I want to ask
to be unblamed”. Dramatic! 😊
Peço desculpa.
I ask for “unblame”, but the good translation would be “Excuse me”.
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18.Perguntar
(To ask)
If you read the previous section with the verb Pedir, than you already know that the
difference is that the verb Perguntar is only used for questions (perguntas). With this verb I
can’t ask for other things (objects, a favor, help, a dish in the restaurant).
I can also use it to ask about people, as saying “What’s up with Marta?”
The best way to say “Can I ask a question?” is “Posso fazer uma pergunta?”.
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19.Achar
(To Find)
I think so.
Acho estranho!
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fi
fi
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fl
fi
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Presente Passado Imperfeito Passado Perfeito Futuro
20.Andar
Ok, I leave this verb for last because I consider that is the hardest verb to explain, as it
can have so many different meanings 🥲 !
What I want you to understand is that this is a verb of movement. While studying
Portuguese, some think it means To Go, others To Come… well, it can mean both and some
more other things. This verb shows a movement from A to B.
Eu ando de bicicleta
Eu ando de autocarro
Eu ando de comboio
(I go by train)
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Eu ando de avião
(I go by plane)
Anda cá!
(Come here)
Anda aqui!
(Come here!)
(Come here!)
Anda lá!
4. To walk:
Como andas?
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Não ando muito bem ultimamente.
THE COURSE!!!!!!!!
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