Airway obstruction with foreign bodies treatment in dental office

Dec 23, 2014Download as PPTX, PDF12 likes5,221 views

shahid sadoughi university of medical sciences

This document discusses airway obstruction and foreign body aspiration/ingestion. It notes common causes of airway obstruction include trauma, infections, drugs, and sleep apnea. Children are more prone to foreign body aspiration due to lack of teeth/coordination and curiosity. Prevention methods include using rubber dams and posterior packing during procedures. Foreign bodies can be life-threatening but are often retrievable if the patient is conscious. Treatment depends on if the obstruction is partial or complete and includes back blows, abdominal thrusts, finger sweeps, and chest compressions.

Airway obstruction with foreign bodies treatment in dental office

AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
Trauma
 foreign bodies
 inflammation
 hematomas
CNS disease
 secretions
Drug overdose
Infections
 glottitis
Obstructive sleep apnea

ETIOLOGY IN DAILY LIFE
They lack molars for proper grinding of food.
They tend to be running or playing at the time of
aspiration.
They tend to put objects in their mouth more
frequently.
They lack coordination of swallowing and glottis
closure.
Curiosity, boredom

ASPIRATION - PREVENTION
 Most Objects Enter GI Tract
 Epiglottis Seals Trachea
 Use Rubber Dam
 Use Posterior Oral Packing
 Suction/Assistant
 Magill Forceps

FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION/INGESTION
 Can Be Critical
 Good chance of Retrieval If Pt
Conscious
 Small Items May Pass Through
Trachea
 3000/year Die From Airway
Obstruction
 Most Common Item Is Food

SWALLOWED OBJECTS
 Keep Patient Supine??
 Magill Forceps
 Head Down Position
 If Unable to Visualize……….

ASPIRATED OBJECTS
 Airway Obstruction - Partial/Complete
 Level of Obstruction
 Place Patient in Right Lateral
Decubitus
 Encourage Cough
 Be Alert to Airway Obstruction

SITE OF LODGING OF FOREIGN BODY RIGHT
MAIN BRONCHUS
 The diameter of the right main
bronchus is larger than the left,
 The angle of divergence from the
tracheal axis is smaller on the right,
 Airflow through the right lung is greater
than through the left,
 The carina is more likely to be located
to the left of midline rather than to the
right.

FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION
 Complete airway obstruction
Choking sign
Respiratory distress
Inability to speak or cough
 Partial airway obstruction
Coughing
Gagging
Throat clearing
Back blows/robipng hypopharynx not
recommended

TREATMENT
 Back blows
Is not common for adult and
children
 Heimlich maneuver
 Chest thrust
 Finger sweep

COMPLETE AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT
 < one year
Back blows and chest thrust….. NEVER
perform an abdominal thrust on an infant
 > one year
Gentle abdominal thrusts while supine
 Older children/adults
Heimlich maneuver(abdominal thrust)

IF YOUR PATIENT IS UNCONSCIOUS…
 BLS(Base Life Support);
Supine position
Head tilt chin lift
Look & listen & feel
Jaw thrust
 Heimlich maneuver
 Finger sweep
 Chest thrust

TREATMENT OF INFANTS
Infants under 1 year of
age:
 A combination of 5 back
blows (with the flat of the
hand) and 5 abdominal
thrusts (with 2 fingers on
the upper abdomen).

UNIVERSAL DISTRESS SIGNAL FOR FOREIGN
BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. .

SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC ABDOMINAL THRUST
(THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER) ADMINISTERED TO A
CONSCIOUS (STANDING) VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.

SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC ABDOMINAL THRUST (THE
HEIMLICH MANEUVER) ADMINISTERED TO AN
UNCONSCIOUS (LYING) VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY
AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION - ASTRIDE POSITION

FINGER SWEEP MANEUVER
ADMINISTERED TO AN UNCONSCIOUS
VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY
OBSTRUCTION.

CROSSED-FINGER TECHNIQUE FOR
OPENING THE AIRWAY

CHEST THRUST ADMINISTERED TO A
CONSCIOUS VICTIM (STANDING) OF
FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

CHEST THRUST ADMINISTERED TO AN
UNCONSCIOUS VICTIM (LYING) OF
FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.

LOCATING HAND POSITION FOR CHEST
COMPRESSIONS IN A CHILD.

HEIMLICH MANEUVER - CONSCIOUS
CHILD STANDING

HEIMLICH MANEUVER - CONSCIOUS OR
UNCONSCIOUS CHILD, LYING

FINALLY…..
 Tracheostomy
 cricothyrotomy

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The document provides information on choking and relief of choking in individuals aged 1 year and older. It defines choking as difficult breathing due to airway obstruction. Causes of choking include foreign objects like food, coins, or water entering the airway. Signs of choking range from mild to severe. Mild choking involves coughing while severe choking involves poor air exchange and cyanosis. The Heimlich maneuver uses abdominal thrusts to relieve choking in individuals over 1 year. For infants, back slaps and chest thrusts are used instead of abdominal thrusts to clear airway obstructions.

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Choking occurs when something blocks the flow of air into the lungs, preventing breathing. If someone is choking, remain calm and ask if they can speak or breathe. If not, call for help and perform abdominal thrusts by standing behind them and thrusting inward and upward into their abdomen until the object is dislodged or they can breathe on their own. If they become unconscious, tilt their head back, lift the chin, and give two breaths before checking breathing and continuing abdominal thrusts or a finger sweep if still blocked.

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The document provides an overview of basic first aid procedures including the primary survey (DRABC), chest compressions, notes on basic life support, choking procedures for adults and children, causes of unconsciousness (mnemonic FISH SHAPED), and conditions like burns, diabetes, and more. Key steps outlined are assessing danger, calling for help, performing chest compressions at a rate of 100 per minute, rescue breaths in a 30:2 ratio for adults, and back blows and chest thrusts for choking infants under 1 year old.

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Airway obstruction with foreign bodies treatment in dental office

2. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION Trauma  foreign bodies  inflammation  hematomas CNS disease  secretions Drug overdose Infections  glottitis Obstructive sleep apnea

3. ETIOLOGY IN DAILY LIFE They lack molars for proper grinding of food. They tend to be running or playing at the time of aspiration. They tend to put objects in their mouth more frequently. They lack coordination of swallowing and glottis closure. Curiosity, boredom

5. ASPIRATION - PREVENTION  Most Objects Enter GI Tract  Epiglottis Seals Trachea  Use Rubber Dam  Use Posterior Oral Packing  Suction/Assistant  Magill Forceps

6. FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION/INGESTION  Can Be Critical  Good chance of Retrieval If Pt Conscious  Small Items May Pass Through Trachea  3000/year Die From Airway Obstruction  Most Common Item Is Food

7. SWALLOWED OBJECTS  Keep Patient Supine??  Magill Forceps  Head Down Position  If Unable to Visualize……….

8. ASPIRATED OBJECTS  Airway Obstruction - Partial/Complete  Level of Obstruction  Place Patient in Right Lateral Decubitus  Encourage Cough  Be Alert to Airway Obstruction

9. SITE OF LODGING OF FOREIGN BODY RIGHT MAIN BRONCHUS  The diameter of the right main bronchus is larger than the left,  The angle of divergence from the tracheal axis is smaller on the right,  Airflow through the right lung is greater than through the left,  The carina is more likely to be located to the left of midline rather than to the right.

10. FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION  Complete airway obstruction Choking sign Respiratory distress Inability to speak or cough  Partial airway obstruction Coughing Gagging Throat clearing Back blows/robipng hypopharynx not recommended

11. FOREIGN BODY ASPIRATION

12. TREATMENT  Back blows Is not common for adult and children  Heimlich maneuver  Chest thrust  Finger sweep

13. COMPLETE AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT  < one year Back blows and chest thrust….. NEVER perform an abdominal thrust on an infant  > one year Gentle abdominal thrusts while supine  Older children/adults Heimlich maneuver(abdominal thrust)

14. IF YOUR PATIENT IS UNCONSCIOUS…  BLS(Base Life Support); Supine position Head tilt chin lift Look & listen & feel Jaw thrust  Heimlich maneuver  Finger sweep  Chest thrust

16. TREATMENT OF INFANTS Infants under 1 year of age:  A combination of 5 back blows (with the flat of the hand) and 5 abdominal thrusts (with 2 fingers on the upper abdomen).

17. HEIMLICH MANEUVER

18. FINGER SWEEP

19. UNIVERSAL DISTRESS SIGNAL FOR FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. .

20. SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC ABDOMINAL THRUST (THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER) ADMINISTERED TO A CONSCIOUS (STANDING) VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.

21. SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC ABDOMINAL THRUST (THE HEIMLICH MANEUVER) ADMINISTERED TO AN UNCONSCIOUS (LYING) VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION - ASTRIDE POSITION

22. FINGER SWEEP MANEUVER ADMINISTERED TO AN UNCONSCIOUS VICTIM OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.

23. CROSSED-FINGER TECHNIQUE FOR OPENING THE AIRWAY

24. CHEST THRUST ADMINISTERED TO A CONSCIOUS VICTIM (STANDING) OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

25. CHEST THRUST ADMINISTERED TO AN UNCONSCIOUS VICTIM (LYING) OF FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION.

26. LOCATING HAND POSITION FOR CHEST COMPRESSIONS IN A CHILD.

27. HEIMLICH MANEUVER - CONSCIOUS CHILD STANDING

28. HEIMLICH MANEUVER - CONSCIOUS OR UNCONSCIOUS CHILD, LYING

29. BACK BLOW IN AN INFANT

30. CHEST THRUST IN AN INFANT

31. FINALLY…..  Tracheostomy  cricothyrotomy

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