Exploring the path to optimal diabetes care by unravelling the contextual factors affecting access, utilisation, and quality of primary health care in West Africa: A scoping review protocol

PLoS One. 2024 May 20;19(5):e0294917. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294917. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes in West Africa is increasing, posing a major public health threat. An estimated 24 million Africans have diabetes, with rates in West Africa around 2-6% and projected to rise 129% by 2045 according to the WHO. Over 90% of cases are Type 2 diabetes (IDF, World Bank). As diabetes is ambulatory care sensitive, good primary care is crucial to reduce complications and mortality. However, research on factors influencing diabetes primary care access, utilisation and quality in West Africa remains limited despite growing disease burden. While research has emphasised diabetes prevalence and risk factors in West Africa, there remains limited evidence on contextual influences on primary care. This scoping review aims to address these evidence gaps.

Methods and analysis: Using the established methodology by Arksey and O'Malley, this scoping review will undergo six stages. The review will adopt the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines to ensure methodological rigour. We will search four electronic databases and search through grey literature sources to thoroughly explore the topic. The identified articles will undergo thorough screening. We will collect data using a standardised data extraction form that covers study characteristics, population demographics, and study methods. The study will identify key themes and sub-themes related to primary healthcare access, utilisation, and quality. We will then analyse and summarise the data using a narrative synthesis approach.

Results: The findings and conclusive report will be finished and sent to a peer-reviewed publication within six months.

Conclusion: This review protocol aims to systematically examine and assess the factors that impact the access, utilisation, and standard of primary healthcare services for diabetes in West Africa.

MeSH terms

  • Africa, Western / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / therapy
  • Health Services Accessibility* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Primary Health Care*
  • Quality of Health Care
  • Review Literature as Topic

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre for Non-Communicable Disease Control in West Africa using UK aid from the UK Government to support global health research. Funding was received from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Centre (grant number NHIR203246) on Strengthening of Capacity for NCD Control in West Africa (Stop-NCD) (https://nihr.ac.uk/). Funding was awarded to IA and TM. The focus of this research is to strengthen the capacity for NCD control in West Africa. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK government. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.