Interviewer: To what extent do you feel your characters are unreliable narrators? Sometimes we get accounts of important situations from different viewpoints and it’s very interesting to see what each character focuses on... Would you say that (what a character is telling) is not exactly what’s happening, that’s just how they see it?
George: I do use the device of the unreliable narrator, particularly when dealing with memory. I present these scenes sometimes from multiple different viewpoints and the versions don’t quite jibe and then you have to figure out what really happened. The only problem with that is I’ve discovered – not being perfect – that I make real mistakes, and I would prefer not to make real mistakes, but my readers are very good, and they point them out to me. I have a horse that changes sex between books and I’m terrible with eye colours, so I’ve got a couple of characters whose eye colour changes. When you make mistakes like that and when you come across the unreliable narrator, people think, ‘oh, he fucked up again.’. Actually, I didn’t fuck up, some of that is quite deliberate and I wish I could eliminate the real mistakes so that the fake mistakes could be seen for what they are, which is a sign of my literary genius. I think the point of the unreliable narrator is that you’re seeing everything filtered through the viewpoints of the characters who are your eyes and ears in that particular chapter…
We have a book coming out – The World of Ice and Fire. Elio García and Linda Antonsson helped me write it, and it’s got all the history of Westeros. The original plan for this book was that Elio and Linda would go through the books I'd already written, and they would pull out all the factual nuggets of history and organize them and then I would polish what they wrote and add sidebars with things that I knew about previous kings and legends. One of the things I did in the sidebars was present history, not in an objective manner, but as something written by a maester at the Citadel who lived hundreds of years after the events and was drawing on primary sources. In the particular case of the Dance Of The Dragons: Archmaester Gyldayn, based on court records and official things; Septon Eustace, the court septon, who was giving a religious bent to everything; and the court fool, Mushroom, who was relating all the filthy things that were going on and the lascivious stories. That allowed me to present three versions of every major event that were often at dramatic odds with each other, replicating real history. Mushroom’s version would always be completely outrageous but also the most fun to read and then you’d have the other more sober versions. So, I do have fun with this point of view thing and the narrator.
- George R.R. Martin, Edinburgh International Book Festival