Evaluating effectiveness of a manufacturing system is increasingly recognized as a tool for gaining competitive success. Today, lot of new manufacturing technologies are coming into the market. To build confidence of managers in adopting these new technologies, measurement of their effectiveness is must. So, developing a model on measurement of effectiveness for a manufacturing system will be significant from strategic management point of view. Manufacturing effectiveness factors from the literature and an expert questionnaire were utilized prior to building the effectiveness measurement model. To prioritize these, we used well known multi-attribute decision making (MADM) technique-Analytical Network Process (ANP). ANP allows interdependencies and feedback within and between clusters of factors. ANP is the generalized form of AHP. A group of experts were consulted to establish interrelations and to provide weightage for pairwise comparison. Outcome of the ANP is weighted comparison of the factors. A Manufacturing System Effectiveness Index (MSEI) is also calculated by using robust MADM technique-Graph Theoretic and Matrix Approach (GTMA). This index is a single numerical value and will help managers to benchmark the effectiveness of manufacturing system with their peers. A case study in three organisations is performed to demonstrate and validate the use of GTMA for calculation of MSEI. To the authors’ knowledge, this will be the first study which used combine approach of ANP and GTMA leading to single numerical index of effectiveness for a manufacturing system.