Pathophysiology of levodopa-induced dyskinesia: potential for new therapies

E Bezard, JM Brotchie, CE Gross - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2001 - nature.com
Involuntary movements—or dyskinesias—are a debilitating complication of levodopa
therapy for Parkinson's disease that is experienced by most patients. Despite the importance …

Levodopa‐induced dyskinesias

G Fabbrini, JM Brotchie, F Grandas… - … : official journal of the …, 2007 - Wiley Online Library
Levodopa‐induced dyskinesias (LID) are common and difficult to treat. This review focuses
on three issues related to LID: clinical features, classification and rating, pathophysiology …

Presymptomatic compensation in Parkinson's disease is not dopamine-mediated

E Bezard, CE Gross, JM Brotchie - Trends in neurosciences, 2003 - cell.com
The symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) appear only after substantial degeneration of the
dopaminergic neuron system (eg an 80% depletion of striatal dopamine)–that is, there is a …

Relationship between the appearance of symptoms and the level of nigrostriatal degeneration in a progressive 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine …

E Bezard, S Dovero, C Prunier… - Journal of …, 2001 - Soc Neuroscience
The concept of a threshold of dopamine (DA) depletion for onset of Parkinson's disease
symptoms, although widely accepted, has, to date, not been determined experimentally in …

Cannabinoids reduce levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: a pilot study

KA Sieradzan, SH Fox, M Hill, JPR Dick… - Neurology, 2001 - AAN Enterprises
The lateral segment of the globus pallidus (GPl) is thought to be overactive in levodopa-
induced dyskinesia in PD. Stimulation of cannabinoid receptors in the GPl reduces γ …

The pharmacology of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease

P Huot, TH Johnston, JB Koprich, SH Fox… - Pharmacological …, 2013 - Elsevier
Abstract l-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) remains the most effective symptomatic
treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, long-term administration of l-DOPA is …

Enhanced levels of endogenous cannabinoids in the globus pallidus are associated with a reduction in movement in an animal model of Parkinson's disease

V Di Marzo, MP Hill, T Bisogno… - The FASEB …, 2000 - Wiley Online Library
In recent years, cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands (endocannabinoids)
have been identified within the brain. The high density of CB1 cannabinoid receptors within …

Animal models of α-synucleinopathy for Parkinson disease drug development

JB Koprich, LV Kalia, JM Brotchie - Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2017 - nature.com
A major challenge in Parkinson disease (PD) will be to turn an emerging and expanding
pipeline of novel disease-modifying candidate compounds into therapeutics. Novel targets …

Nondopaminergic mechanisms in levodopa‐induced dyskinesia

JM Brotchie - Movement disorders: official journal of the …, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
It has become increasingly apparent that Parkinson's disease involves many transmitter
systems other than dopamine. This nondopaminergic involvement impacts on the …

The serotonergic system in Parkinson's disease

P Huot, SH Fox, JM Brotchie - Progress in neurobiology, 2011 - Elsevier
Although the cardinal manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD) are attributed to a decline
in dopamine levels in the striatum, a breadth of non-motor features and treatment-related …