A Fast Lane Approach to LMS prediction of respiratory motion signals

F Ernst, A Schlaefer, S Dieterich… - … Signal Processing and …, 2008 - Elsevier
Biomedical Signal Processing and Control, 2008Elsevier
As a tool for predicting stationary signals, the Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm is widely
used. Its improvement, the family of normalised LMS algorithms, is known to outperform this
algorithm. However, they still remain sensitive to selecting wrong parameters, being the
learning coefficient μ and the signal history length M. We propose an improved version of
both algorithms using a Fast Lane Approach, based on parallel evaluation of several
competing predictors. These were applied to respiratory motion data from motion …
As a tool for predicting stationary signals, the Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm is widely used. Its improvement, the family of normalised LMS algorithms, is known to outperform this algorithm. However, they still remain sensitive to selecting wrong parameters, being the learning coefficient μ and the signal history length M. We propose an improved version of both algorithms using a Fast Lane Approach, based on parallel evaluation of several competing predictors. These were applied to respiratory motion data from motion-compensated radiosurgery. Prediction was performed using arbitrarily selected values for the learning coefficient μ∈]0,0.3] and the signal history length M∈[1,15]. The results were compared to prediction using the globally optimal values of μ and M found using a grid search. When the learning algorithm is seeded using locally optimal values (found using a grid search on the first 96s of data), more than 44% of the test cases outperform the globally optimal result. In about 38% of the cases, the result comes to within 5% and, in about 9% of the cases, to within 5–10% of the global optimum. This indicates that the Fast Lane Approach is a robust method for selecting the parameters μ and M.
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