The stability control of the carrier-borne aircraft traction system is studied in this research. The movement of aircraft carrier can be decomposed into rolling, pitching, yawing, swaying, surging and heaving six degrees of freedom (DOF) coupling motion. Based on Adams, the virtual prototype models of six DOF dynamic platform virtual test bed and nonlinear carrier-borne aircraft traction system are established, and then import them into Simulink. The stability controller is designed based on sliding mode control theory and fuzzy control theory. The simulation results of MATLAB/Simulink show that the stability controller can effectively reduce the bend angle and yaw rate of the carrier-borne aircraft traction system under the interference of three and six levels of sea conditions. Thus, the stability controller can improve the stability of the traction system significantly.