Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP), as a new inorganic non-metal matrix composite material, has received extensive attention in both industrial and defense fields. The conductivity study of CFRP is of great significance for its applications, such as non-destructive testing, prevention of lightning strikes, and electromagnetic shielding. However, obvious electrical anisotropy and non-uniformity of CFRP pose strict requirements for the CFRP conductivity measurement method and calculation. In this study, a simplified model was established with the boundary element method (BEM) for exploring the electrical characteristics of CFRP. The conductivity distribution model was established through studying the local structure of single-layer unidirectional carbon fiber. This model provides the basis for the subsequent theoretical analysis of resistive networks.