Researchers and trialists face many uncertainties when designing and conducting research.
Embedded methodology studies can help to resolve these. However, despite hundreds of …

Background The proportion of pregnant women who have a caesarean section shows a wide
variation across Europe, and concern exists that these proportions are increasing. Much of …

Background Despite evidence supporting the safety of vaginal birth after caesarean section (VBAC),
rates are low in many countries. Methods OptiBIRTH investigated the effects of a …

Objective Knowledge about labour characteristics of women achieving successful vaginal
birth after caesarean section (VBAC) might be used to improve labour and birth management. …

OBJECTIVE To examine the pattern of use of prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) testing in a UK
region, where National Health Service policy does not recommend screening for prostate …

Background. Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) chronic kidney disease (CKD)
guidelines have focused on the utility of using the modified four-variable MDRD …

Background. CKD as defined by KDIGO/KDOQI has been shown to affect ~ 8.5% of the UK
population. The prevalence of CKD in the UK is similar to that in the USA, yet incident dialysis …

Objective This study investigates the prevalence of lithium use, monitoring practice and
associated effects on renal function in a large UK community sample. Method A large population-…

Background The majority of Northern Irish uveal melanoma (UM) patients are diagnosed in
Sheffield. This study aims to present incidence and survival outcomes for UM patients from …

Background Complex interventions encompassing several interconnecting and interacting
components can be challenging to evaluate. Examining the underlying trial processes while …