Stressors can positively or adversely affect immune and inflammatory responses. However,
the current understanding of these effects at the cellular and molecular levels is not sufficient …

This study describes the development and characterization of a binge drinking model in which
a single dose of ethanol (EtOH) is administered by gavage to B6C3F1 mice. Blood EtOH …

Recent studies indicate that neuroendocrine–immune interactions can cause sufficient
immunosuppression to adversely affect human health, but quantitative relationships between …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecular patterns associated with pathogens and initiate
various mechanisms that are critical in innate resistance to infection. It has been reported …

Ethanol (EtOH) is the most widely abused substance in the United States, and it contributes
to well-documented harmful (at high dosages) and beneficial (at low dosages) changes in …

Reactive nitrogen intermediates are important in the anti-tumor and anti-microbial activities
of rodent macrophages, but it is not known whether this is the case for human macrophages. …

Excessive consumption of ethanol (EtOH) suppresses innate immunity, but the mechanisms
have not been fully delineated. The present study was conducted to determine whether …

Morphine suppresses humoral immune responses, causes thymic hypoplasia and suppresses
NK (natural killer) activity in animal models. There is evidence that thymic hypoplasia and …

Although reductionist experimental designs are excellent for identifying cells, molecules, or
functions involved in resistance to particular microbes or cancer cells, they do not provide an …

Previous studies demonstrate that the effects of one chemical stressor on selected
immunological parameters can be predicted on the basis of the area under the corticosterone …