The camouflage color target is similar to the background, so the detection is very difficult. How to identify the camouflage color target is still a challenging visual task. In order to solve the problem, we propose a camouflage color target detection algorithm based on image enhancement. Firstly, the image enhancement algorithm is used to realize the difference between the target and the background feature. Secondly, the region proposal network (RPN) is used to realize the accurate positioning of the specific target, and the extraction area ROI is identified by the classification layer in the deep neural network. Finally, we realize the detection with a camouflage color target. In this paper, the detection algorithm received better detection results in the leaves of butterfly and chameleon data collection.