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'''Stress''' is a word used in IAN ODONGO[[biology]] and [[medicine]] to describe changes that can be seen in [[organisms]]. Stress can be physical or mental. Stress can describe a [[pressure]], like the pressure of a person's upper teeth on their lower teeth while chewing. Stress can also describe an impact, when one object hits another.
'''Stress''' is a word used in [[psychology]] and [[medicine]] to describe a condition which may be seen in [[organisms]].


Stress describes a living thing's response to a threat or some other change in its [[environment]]. This change can be called a "stressor." Stressors can vary in size and impact. A stressor can be internal and come from inside the living thing - like an illness. <ref> {{cite journal |last= Greenberg |first= Neil |last2= Carr |first2= James A. |last3= Summers |first3= Cliff H.|year= 2002 |title= Causes and Consequences of Stress |journal= Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume= 42 |issue= 3 |pages= 508-516 |doi= 10.1093/icb/42.3.508 |url= http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/3/508.full }} </ref> A stressor can be external, coming from outside the living thing - like an attack.
Stress describes a living thing's response to a threat or some adverse change in its [[environment]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Greenberg |first1= Neil |last2= Carr |first2= James A. |last3= Summers |first3= Cliff H.|year= 2002 |title= Causes and consequences of stress |journal= Integrative and Comparative Biology |volume= 42 |issue= 3 |pages= 508–516 |doi= 10.1093/icb/42.3.508 |pmid= 21708746 |url= http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/content/42/3/508.full }}</ref> In [[psychology]], '''stress''' is a [[feeling]] of emotional strain and pressure.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net/conditions/stress|title=Stress|date=2013-11-18|work=Mental Health America|access-date=2018-10-01|language=en}}</ref> Stress is a type of psychological [[pain]]. Small amounts of stress may be beneficial, but more stress can increase the risk of [[stroke]]s, [[myocardial infarction|heart attack]]s, [[ulcer]]s, and [[mental illness]], such as [[Depression (mental illness)|depression]]<ref>{{cite book|last1= Sapolsky|first1= Robert M.| title= Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers|url= https://archive.org/details/whyzebrasdontget0003edsapo|date= 2004|publisher= St. Martins Press|location= New York City|isbn= 978-0-8050-7369-0|pages= [https://archive.org/details/whyzebrasdontget0003edsapo/page/n543 37], 71, 92, 271}}</ref> in humans.


==Types of stress<ref>{{Cite web|last=Arooj|first=Khan|date=January 28, 2023|title=Technology tips|url=https://technologytips234.blogspot.com/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2023-01-29|access-date=2023-01-29|website=Technology tips|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129154401/https://technologytips234.blogspot.com/}}</ref>==
==Types of stress==


There are different types of stress. Each type has different characteristics and symptoms.
There are different types of stress. Each type has different characteristics and symptoms.


* '''acute:''' stress causes immediate harm in a short time span. An example of this type of stress is having to finish an assignment quickly or avoiding a car crash.
* '''acute:''' stress causes immediate harm in a short time span. An example of this type of stress is having to finish an assignment quickly or avoiding a car crash.
* '''chronic:''' stress causes continued harm and frustration. An example of this type of stress is continued unhappiness with school. This type of stress wears organisms down.
* '''chronic:''' stress causes continued harm and frustration. An example of this type of stress is continued unhappiness with school. This type of stress wears organisms down.
* '''traumatic:''' stress after a scary and dangerous event. This stress causes fear. An example of this is experiencing a war or hurricane. This can lead to [[Post-traumatic stress disorder|Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder]] (PTSD).
* '''traumatic:''' stress after a scary and dangerous event. This stress causes fear. An example of this is experiencing a war or hurricane. This can lead to [[Post-traumatic stress disorder|Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder]] (PTSD).


== Stress response ==
== Stress response ==
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* '''emotional:''' changes happening to an organism's emotions. An example is feeling worried or upset about an upcoming exam.
* '''emotional:''' changes happening to an organism's emotions. An example is feeling worried or upset about an upcoming exam.


Stress may also lead to adaptations, which allow certain organisms to better deal with the stressors. Stress happens every day, and is part of every living thing's life. Too much stress is bad and can cause health problems. Stress plays a part in some physical problems, like heart disease. Stress also plays a part in many mental illnesses, like [[anxiety]], Acute Stress Disorder, and PTSD. Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD are mental illnesses that can happen when a person experiences something that is very terrifying, like a major accident or a war. Another type of stress disorder is a "psychosomatic illness" where a person has physical symptoms that are caused by an emotional stress, not by physical harm. <ref>{{cite book | last = Levenson| first = James L. | title = Essentials of Psychosomatic Medicine| publisher = American Psychiatric Press Inc|year=2006| isbn = 978-1-58562-246-7}}</ref>
Stress may also lead to adaptations, which allow certain organisms to better deal with the stressors. Stress happens every day, and is part of every living thing's life. Too much stress is bad and can cause health problems. Stress plays a part in some physical problems, like heart disease. Stress also plays a part in many mental illnesses, like [[anxiety]], Acute Stress Disorder, and PTSD. Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD are mental illnesses that can happen when a person experiences something that is very terrifying, like a major accident or a war. Another type of stress disorder is a "psychosomatic illness" where a person has physical symptoms that are caused by an emotional stress, not by physical harm.<ref>{{cite book | last = Levenson| first = James L. | title = Essentials of Psychosomatic Medicine| publisher = American Psychiatric Press Inc|year=2006| isbn = 978-1-58562-246-7}}</ref>


==Stress management==
==Stress management==


⚫
There are different ways to deal with stress. One tip is to remove yourself from the stressor. For example if a school assignment is causing stress, taking a break from the assignment can be good. This break can include sleeping or engaging in hobbies. Physical activity and exercise reduce stress.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Sculy |first1= D |last2= Kremer |first2= J |last3= Meade |first3= M |last4= Graham |first4= R |last5= Dudgeon |first5= K |year= 1998 |title= Physical exercise and psychological well being: a critical review. |journal= Br J Sports Med |volume= 32 |issue= 2 |pages= 111–120 |doi= 10.1136/bjsm.32.2.111 |pmid= 9631216 |pmc= 1756084 |url= http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/32/2/111 }}</ref> Social support from friends and family can be helpful. Health care professionals can help when stress is bad and affects physical or mental health. Relaxing with [[meditation]] and deep breathing can also manage stress.


⚫
There are different ways to deal with stress. One tip is to remove yourself from the stressor. For example if a school assignment is causing stress, taking a break from the assignment can be good. This break can include sleeping or engaging in hobbies. Physical activity and exercise reduce stress. <ref> {{cite journal |last= Sculy |first= D |last2= Kremer |first2= J |last3= Meade |first3= M |last4= Graham |first4= R |last4= Dudgeon |first4= K |year= 1998 |title= Physical exercise and psychological well being: a critical review. |journal= Br J Sports Med |volume= 32 |issue= 2 |pages= 111-120 |doi= 10.1136/bjsm.32.2.111 |url= http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/32/2/111 }}</ref> Social support from friends and family can be helpful. Health care professionals can help when stress is bad and affects physical or mental health. Relaxing with [[meditation]] and deep breathing can also manage stress.
== References==
== References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


⚫
[[Category:Physiology]]

[[Category:Health]]
[[Category:Health]]
⚫
[[Category:Biology]]

Latest revision as of 19:39, 20 September 2024

Stress is a word used in psychology and medicine to describe a condition which may be seen in organisms.

Stress describes a living thing's response to a threat or some adverse change in its environment.[1] In psychology, stress is a feeling of emotional strain and pressure.[2] Stress is a type of psychological pain. Small amounts of stress may be beneficial, but more stress can increase the risk of strokes, heart attacks, ulcers, and mental illness, such as depression[3] in humans.

Types of stress[4]

[change | change source]

There are different types of stress. Each type has different characteristics and symptoms.

  • acute: stress causes immediate harm in a short time span. An example of this type of stress is having to finish an assignment quickly or avoiding a car crash.
  • chronic: stress causes continued harm and frustration. An example of this type of stress is continued unhappiness with school. This type of stress wears organisms down.
  • traumatic: stress after a scary and dangerous event. This stress causes fear. An example of this is experiencing a war or hurricane. This can lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Stress response

[change | change source]

Organisms can respond to stress in different ways.

  • physical: changes happening in the body. An example is a fast heartbeat after giving a speech.
  • mental: changes happening in the mind. An example is feeling unfocused due to difficulties at work.
  • emotional: changes happening to an organism's emotions. An example is feeling worried or upset about an upcoming exam.

Stress may also lead to adaptations, which allow certain organisms to better deal with the stressors. Stress happens every day, and is part of every living thing's life. Too much stress is bad and can cause health problems. Stress plays a part in some physical problems, like heart disease. Stress also plays a part in many mental illnesses, like anxiety, Acute Stress Disorder, and PTSD. Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD are mental illnesses that can happen when a person experiences something that is very terrifying, like a major accident or a war. Another type of stress disorder is a "psychosomatic illness" where a person has physical symptoms that are caused by an emotional stress, not by physical harm.[5]

Stress management

[change | change source]

There are different ways to deal with stress. One tip is to remove yourself from the stressor. For example if a school assignment is causing stress, taking a break from the assignment can be good. This break can include sleeping or engaging in hobbies. Physical activity and exercise reduce stress.[6] Social support from friends and family can be helpful. Health care professionals can help when stress is bad and affects physical or mental health. Relaxing with meditation and deep breathing can also manage stress.

References

[change | change source]
  1. ↑ Greenberg, Neil; Carr, James A.; Summers, Cliff H. (2002). "Causes and consequences of stress". Integrative and Comparative Biology. 42 (3): 508–516. doi:10.1093/icb/42.3.508. PMID 21708746.
  2. ↑ "Stress". Mental Health America. 2013-11-18. Retrieved 2018-10-01.
  3. ↑ Sapolsky, Robert M. (2004). Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers. New York City: St. Martins Press. pp. 37, 71, 92, 271. ISBN 978-0-8050-7369-0.
  4. ↑ Arooj, Khan (January 28, 2023). "Technology tips". Technology tips. Archived from the original on 2023-01-29. Retrieved 2023-01-29.
  5. ↑ Levenson, James L. (2006). Essentials of Psychosomatic Medicine. American Psychiatric Press Inc. ISBN 978-1-58562-246-7.
  6. ↑ Sculy, D; Kremer, J; Meade, M; Graham, R; Dudgeon, K (1998). "Physical exercise and psychological well being: a critical review". Br J Sports Med. 32 (2): 111–120. doi:10.1136/bjsm.32.2.111. PMC 1756084. PMID 9631216.
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