Name the three basic plant organs

Presentation on theme: "Name the three basic plant organs"— Presentation transcript:

1 PLANTS review #2 Chapters 35, 36, 37, 39 Anatomy Transport Nutrition Response

2 Name the three basic plant organs
Roots, stems, leaves The organ that anchors the plant, absorbs minerals & water, and often stores organic nutrients roots

3 What is the function of root hairs?
Image from: What is the function of root hairs? Increase surface area for absorption of water and minerals

4 Main photosynthetic organ of most vascular plants
leaves Mutualistic relationship between plant roots and fungi that increases water absorption mycorrhizae

5 epidermal cohesion Root hairs develop from ________ tissue
epidermal vascular ground epidermal Attraction in between water molecules that helps water move up the xylem cohesion

6 Transport protein that facilitates the movement of water across a cell membrane
aquaporins Attraction between water molecules and the surface of the xylem walls that helps water move up the xylem adhesion

7 When K+ ions leave guard cells the cells become ________
flaccid turgid and the stomata will _______ open close flaccid close

8 legumes micronutrients
Plants whose roots contain nodules infected by symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria are __________ legumes Essential elements that act as cofactors in enzymatic reactions that are needed by plants in small amounts are called________________ micronutrients

9 Water will move into an area with ________ water potential.
lower higher lower Essential elements needed by plants in large amounts like carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen are called ________________ macronutrients

10 Tell the cofactor needed for chlorophyll production
magnesium ? Give some examples of plant macronutrients CHNOPS- carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur calcium, magnesium, potassium

11 Name the bacterial process
Nitrogen fixing bacteria 1. 4. Denitrifying bacteria Nitrifying bacteria 3. Ammonifying bacteria 2.

12 cofactors proton pumps
Ion uptake by roots is possible because root hairs use ______________ to release H+ into the soil to displace cations like Ca++, Mg++, & K+ proton pumps Non-protein enzyme helpers are called ___________ cofactors

13 Give some examples of plant micronutrients
Manganese, boron, iron, chlorine, zinc, Copper, nickel, molybdenum Openings in plant leaves for gas exchange stomata

14 When K+ ions enter guard cells the cells become ________
flaccid turgid and the stomata will _______ open close turgid open

15 Cells connected to sieve tube members by many plasmodesmata which help load sugars and assist with metabolism Companion cells Water impermeable ring of cells that blocks the apoplastic flow of water and solutes and channels it into the xylem Casparian strip

16 Continuum of cell walls plus the extracellular spaces
apoplast Transport mechanism that moves anions or sugars into cells when hydrogen ions move down their concentration gradient cotransport

17 Continuum of cytosol connected by plasmodesmata between
plant cells symplast Describes a walled cell that has lost water in hypertonic surroundings flaccid

18 Axillary _________ buds are located between the leaf and stem Secondary _________ growth involves the plant growing in width or circumference

19 Movement of water due to a difference in pressure between two locations
Bulk flow Describes a walled cell that has gained water in hypotonic surroundings turgid

20 Exudation of water droplets from plant leaf tips at night due to root pressure
guttation Cells that surround stomatal openings and control their opening and closing Guard cells

21 Evaporative loss of water from leaves
transpiration Vascular tissue consisting of elongated living cells that transport sugar and other organic nutrients throughout the plant phloem

22 Vascular plant tissue consisting of tubular dead cells that conduct water and minerals upward from roots to rest of plant xylem Water moves in xylem from roots to shoots due to ____________ pressure positive negative negative

23 Mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work chemiosmosis Sugar moves in phloem from source to sink is due to ____________ pressure positive negative positive

24 Terminal _________ buds are located at the tip of stems Primary _________ growth involves the plant growing in length/height

25 meristems cell division
Perpetual embryonic tissues where cell division and plant growth occurs = ___________ meristems cell division The zone of ____________ is the region where new cells are being produced

26 root cap The _________ protects the root tip as it pushes through the soil The zone of ____________ is the region where cells are growing in length elongation

27 Apical dominance _____________ is when the terminal buds inhibit the growth of axillary buds The zone of ____________ is the region where cells differentiate and become functional maturation

28 Waxy layer covering the epidermis which prevents water loss
In leaves, the outer layer made of tightly packed cell covered by waxy cuticle = _______________ epidermis Waxy layer covering the epidermis which prevents water loss cuticle

29 Root system consisting of a mat of many thin roots without a main root seen in monocots =_______________ Fibrous roots Apical __________ meristems are regions of primary growth at the tips of roots and buds

30 Root system with one thick vertical root with many lateral roots seen in dicots is called a ________________ taproot Lateral ________ meristems are regions of secondary growth where the plant increases in diameter

31 Openings that connect tracheids
vascular cambium The ________________ produces secondary xylem and phloem Openings that connect tracheids pits

32 cork cambium The ________________ produces the tough outer woody covering (bark) Xylem is made of cells called ___________ tracheids

33 Xylem cells found in some angiosperms in addition to tracheids
Vessel elements non living Mature xylem cells are _______ living non-living

34 Phloem is made of cells called ___________________
Sieve tube members living Mature phloem cells are _______ living non-living

35 End wall in a sieve tube member which facilitates the flow of phloem sap
Sieve plate Most abundant type of living cell in plants that can differentiate into other cell types parenchyma

36 _________ pressure results in the movement of phloem sap
“Basic plant cells” with thinner cell walls that perform metabolic functions like photosynthesis parenchyma Positive _________ pressure results in the movement of phloem sap negative positive

37 ________ tissue includes all cells that are not vascular or epidermal
Cell type that is structural with unevenly thickened walls that supports growing parts of plants collenchyma ground ________ tissue includes all cells that are not vascular or epidermal

38 _________ pressure results in the movement of xylem sap
“Basic plant cells” with thinner cell walls that perform metabolic functions like photosynthesis parenchyma Negative _________ pressure results in the movement of xylem sap negative positive

39 collenchyma cZXV asdfd
Cell type that is grouped in cylinders that is structural but FLEXIBLE with no lignin in the cell walls collenchyma cZXV asdfd

40 sclerenchyma cZXV asdfd
Cell type that is structural but rigid; Cells are dead with thick walls containing lignin sclerenchyma cZXV asdfd

41 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

42 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

43 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

44 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

45 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

46 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

47 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

48 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

49 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

50 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

51 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

52 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

53 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

54 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

55 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

56 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

57 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

58 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

59 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

60 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

61 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

62 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

63 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

64 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

65 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

66 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

67 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

68 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

69 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd

70 zscv asdf cZXV asdfd