Antartika: Béda antarrépisi

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Révisi mangsa 12 Agustus 2024 04.58

Pikeun kagunaan séjén, tempo Antartika (disambiguasi).

Antartika

Aréa (Sakabéhna) (tanpa es) (katutupan es)	14.000.000 km² (5.405.430,2 sq mi) 280.000 km² (108.108,6 sq mi) 13.720.000 km² (5.297.321,6 sq mi)
Populasi (permanen) (henteu permanen)	ka-7 ≈0 ≈1,000
Pamaréntahan	diparentah ku Antarctic Treaty System
Nu ngaku teritorina	7 Argentina Australia Chili Perancis New Zealand Norwegia United Kingdom
Sayaga keur ngaku	2 Rusia Amerika Sarikat
Zona wanci	euweuh UTC-3 (Graham Land wungkul)
TLD Internet	.aq
Kode telepon	Didaptar di dieu

Antartika nyaéta buana pangkidulna di Bumi, nu ngampar di Kutub Kidul. Perenahna dina beulahan bumi beulah kidul, ampir sakabéhna di kiduleun Antarctic Circle, dilingkung ku Samudra Kidul. Kalayan lega 14.4 yuta km² (5.4 yuta sq mi), mangrupa buana panggedéna kalima sanggeus Asia, Afrika, Amerika Kalér, jeung Amerika Kidul. 98% Antartika katutupan ku és, nu rata-rata kandelna pangsaeutikna 1.6 kilométer (1.0 mi).

Ilaharna, Antartika mangrupa buana pangtiisna, panggaringna tur panglobana angin, sarta boga rata-rata pangluhurna ti sakabéh buana.^[1] Alatan presipitasina saeutik, kajaba di basisir, jero-jeroan buana ieu sacara téhnis mangrupa gurun panglegana di dunya. Euweuh panyicingan manusa nu maneuh tur taya ogé bukti yén baheulanna kungsi kacicingan ku manusa ti jaman prasajarahna kénéh. Nu aya ukur tutuwuhan katut sasatoan nu bisa cocog jeung kaayaan alam nu tiis, kaasup pinguin, anjing laut (fur seals), lumut, lichen, jeung sababaraha rupa ganggang.

Ngaran Antarktika mangrupa vérsi romanisasi tina kecap campuran basa Yunani Αntarktiké (Aνταρκτική), nu hartina "Sabrangeun Arktik".^[2] Sanajan mite jeung spékulasi ngeunaan Terra Australis; ("Southern Land") balik deui ka jaman baheula, ieu benua mimiti katempo sarta dikonfirmasi sacara umum ditarima dina taun 1820 ku urang Russia ékspédisi ku Mikhail Lazarev jeung Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen. Ngan waé, benua ieu sabagian gedé masih tacan ka saba kabéh sahenteuna nepika abad ka-19 alatan lingkunganna anu beurat, kurangna sumber daya, jeung tempatna anu nyingkur. Hiji kasapukan ngeunaan panangtayungan antartika Antarctic Treaty geus ditandatang dina taun 1959 ku dua belas nagara; nepi ka kiwari, opat puluh lima nagara geus nandatangan kaspukan ieu. Kasapukan ieu nyebutkeun ngalarang ayana kagiatan militér jeung penambangan mineral, sarta ngarojong panaluntikan ilmiah, katut ngajaga tur ngariksa ieu benua/ecozone. Ékspérimén anu keur lumangsung dilakukeun ku leuwih ti 4.000 ilmuwan ti sababaraha nagara kalawan tujuan panalungtikan anu béda-béda.^[3]

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↑ "National Geophysical Data Center". National Satellite, Data, and Information Service.
↑ Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert (1940). "ἀνταρκτικός". A Greek-English Lexicon. Clarendon Press. Diakses tanggal 12 February.
↑ "Antarctica - The World Factbook". United States Central Intelligence Agency. 2007-03-08. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-14. Archived 2020-04-12 di Wayback Machine

Tumbu luar

Wikisource logo

Wikipabukon mibanda média séjénna nu patali jeung artikel ieu dina kaca

CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Antarctica

Tempo ogé Antartika di Wikivoyage

Antarctic Treaty Secretariat, de facto government
Antarctic region di Open Directory Project
Portals on the World - Antarctica from the Library of Congress
Éntri Antarctica di CIA World Factbook
NASA's LIMA (Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica) (USGS mirror)
World Environment Day 2007 "Melting Ice" image gallery at The Guardian
Greenpeace in Antarctica Archived 2004-12-22 di Wayback Machine
BAS Online Palaeontology Collection
U.S Antarctic Program Portal
Antarctica Development Concern Archived 2019-01-03 di Wayback Machine

[1] "National Geophysical Data Center". National Satellite, Data, and Information Service.

[2] Liddell, Henry George and Scott, Robert (1940). "ἀνταρκτικός". A Greek-English Lexicon. Clarendon Press. Diakses tanggal 12 February.

[cia-3] "Antarctica - The World Factbook". United States Central Intelligence Agency. 2007-03-08. Diakses tanggal 2007-03-14. Archived 2020-04-12 di Wayback Machine

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Baris ka-32: / Baris ka-32: @@
 |}
 </div></div>
-'''Antartika''' nyaéta [[buana]] pangkidulna di [[Bumi]], nu ngampar di [[Kutub Kidul]]. Perenahna dina [[beulahan bumi beulah kidul]], ampir sakabéhnadi kiduleun [[Antarctic Circle]], dilingkung ku [[Samudra Kidul]]. Kalayan lega 14.4 yuta&nbsp;km² (5.4 yuta&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi), mangrupa buana panggedéna kalima sanggeus [[Asia]], [[Afrika]], [[Amerika Kaler]], jeung [[Amerika Kidul]]. 98% Antartika katutupan ku [[es]], nu rata-rata kandelna pangsaeutikna 1.6 kilométer (1.0&nbsp;[[statute mile|mi]]).
+'''Antartika''' nyaéta [[buana]] pangkidulna di [[Bumi]], nu ngampar di [[Kutub Kidul]]. Perenahna dina [[beulahan bumi beulah kidul]], ampir sakabéhna di kiduleun ''[[Antarctic Circle]]'', dilingkung ku [[Samudra Kidul]]. Kalayan lega 14.4 yuta&nbsp;km² (5.4 yuta&nbsp;sq&nbsp;mi), mangrupa buana panggedéna kalima sanggeus [[Asia]], [[Afrika]], [[Amerika Kalér]], jeung [[Amerika Kidul]]. 98% Antartika katutupan ku [[és]], nu rata-rata kandelna pangsaeutikna 1.6 kilométer (1.0&nbsp;[[statute mile|mi]]).
-Ilaharna, Antartika mangrupa buana pangtiisna, panggaringna tur panglobaanginna, sarta boga rata-rata pangluhurna ti sakabéh buana.<ref>{{cite web | title=National Geophysical Data Center | publisher=National Satellite, Data, and Information Service| url=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html | accessmonthday=9 June |accessyear=2006}}</ref> Alatan [[Presipitasi (meteorologi)|presipitasina]] saeutik, kajaba di basisir, jero-jeroan buana ieu sacara tehnis mangrupa [[gurun]] panglegana di dunya. Euweuh panyicingan manusa nu maneuh tur taya ogé bukti yén kungsi kacicingan ku manusa ti jaman prasajarahna mula. Nu aya ukur tutuwuhan katut sasatoan nu bisa cocog jeung kaayaan alam nu tiis, kaasup [[pinguin]], [[anjing laut]] ''(fur seals)'', [[lumut]], ''[[lichen]]'', jeung sababaraha rupa ''[[ganggang]]''.
+Ilaharna, Antartika mangrupa buana pangtiisna, panggaringna tur panglobana angin, sarta boga rata-rata pangluhurna ti sakabéh buana.<ref>{{cite web | title=National Geophysical Data Center | publisher=National Satellite, Data, and Information Service| url=http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/image/2minrelief.html | accessmonthday=9 June |accessyear=2006}}</ref> Alatan [[Presipitasi (meteorologi)|presipitasina]] saeutik, kajaba di basisir, jero-jeroan buana ieu sacara téhnis mangrupa [[gurun]] panglegana di dunya. Euweuh panyicingan manusa nu maneuh tur taya ogé bukti yén baheulanna kungsi kacicingan ku manusa ti jaman prasajarahna kénéh. Nu aya ukur tutuwuhan katut sasatoan nu bisa cocog jeung kaayaan alam nu tiis, kaasup [[pinguin]], [[anjing laut]] ''(fur seals)'', [[lumut]], ''[[lichen]]'', jeung sababaraha rupa ''[[ganggang]]''.
+Ngaran ''Antarktika'' mangrupa vérsi ''[[Romanisasi basa Yunani|romanisasi]]'' tina kecap campuran [[basa Yunani]] ''Αntarktiké'' (''Aνταρκτική''), nu hartina "Sabrangeun [[Arktik]]".<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Henry Liddell|Liddell, Henry George]] and [[Robert Scott|Scott, Robert]]|work=[[A Greek-English Lexicon]] | publisher=Clarendon Press | title={{polytonic|ἀνταρκτικός}} | year=1940 | url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=%239514 | accessdate=12 February | accessyear=2006}}</ref> Sanajan mite jeung spékulasi ngeunaan ''[[Terra Australis]]''; ''("Southern Land")'' balik deui ka jaman baheula, ieu benua mimiti katempo sarta dikonfirmasi sacara umum ditarima dina taun 1820 ku urang [[Russia]] ékspédisi ku [[Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev|Mikhail Lazarev]] jeung [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]]. Ngan waé, benua ieu sabagian gedé masih tacan ka saba kabéh sahenteuna nepika abad ka-19 alatan lingkunganna anu beurat, kurangna sumber daya, jeung tempatna anu nyingkur.
+Hiji kasapukan ngeunaan panangtayungan antartika ''[[Antarctic Treaty System|Antarctic Treaty]]'' geus ditandatang dina taun 1959 ku dua belas [[nagara]]; nepi ka kiwari, opat puluh lima nagara geus nandatangan kaspukan ieu. Kasapukan ieu nyebutkeun ngalarang  ayana kagiatan militér jeung ''penambangan'' mineral, sarta ngarojong panaluntikan ilmiah, katut ngajaga tur ngariksa ieu benua/[[ecozone]]. Ékspérimén anu keur lumangsung dilakukeun ku leuwih ti 4.000 ilmuwan ti sababaraha nagara kalawan tujuan panalungtikan anu béda-béda.<ref name="cia">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html#People|title=Antarctica - The World Factbook|publisher=United States Central Intelligence Agency|date=2007-03-08|accessdate=2007-03-14}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412112451/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html#People |date=2020-04-12 }}</ref>
 {{tarjamahkeun|Inggris}}
-Ngaran ''Antarktika'' mangrupa versi [[Romanisasi basa Yunani|romanisasi]] tina kecap campuran [[basa Yunani]] ''Αntarktiké'' (''Aνταρκτική''), nu hartina "Sabrangeun [[Arktik]]".<ref>{{cite web|author=[[Henry Liddell|Liddell, Henry George]] and [[Robert Scott|Scott, Robert]]|work=[[A Greek-English Lexicon]] | publisher=Clarendon Press | title={{polytonic|ἀνταρκτικός}} | year=1940 | url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=%239514 | accessdate=12 February | accessyear=2006}}</ref> Sanajan mite jeung spekulasi ngeunaan ''[[Terra Australis]]'' ("Southern Land") date back to antiquity, the first confirmed sighting of the continent is commonly accepted to have occurred in 1820 by the [[Russia]]n expedition of [[Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev|Mikhail Lazarev]] and [[Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen]]. However, the continent remained largely neglected for the rest of the 19th century because of its hostile environment, lack of resources, and isolation.
-The [[Antarctic Treaty System|Antarctic Treaty]] was signed in 1959 by twelve countries; to date, forty-five countries have signed the tréaty.  The tréaty prohibits military activities and mineral mining, supports scientific reséarch, and protects the continent's [[ecozone]]. Ongoing experiments are conducted by more than 4,000 scientists of many nationalities and with different reséarch interests.<ref name="cia">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html#People|title=Antarctica - The World Factbook|publisher=United States Central Intelligence Agency|date=2007-03-08|accessdate=2007-03-14}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412112451/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ay.html#People |date=2020-04-12 }}</ref>
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