A linear systems description of multi-compartment pulmonary 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging methods

Alexander M. Matheson; Grace Parraga; Ian A. Cunningham

doi:10.1117/12.2580947

15 February 2021 A linear systems description of multi-compartment pulmonary 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging methods

Alexander M. Matheson, Grace Parraga, Ian A. Cunningham

Proceedings Volume 11600, Medical Imaging 2021: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging; 116000H (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2580947
Event: SPIE Medical Imaging, 2021, Online Only

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to develop a linear-systems model to evaluate the impact of mathematical assumptions related to multi-compartment ¹²⁹Xe MRI methods. We employed a linear-systems approach to fill a knowledge gap associated with a single-point Dixon approach currently used for magnetization calculations and physiologic estimates. Methods: We generated a linear-systems model for magnetization calculations needed to generate multi-compartment ¹²⁹Xe MRI data. 1Lung tissue and red-blood-cell compartments were isolated by acquiring data 90° out of phase and aligned with perpendicular quadrature channels. Results: In our linear-systems model, a single-lobe sinc-pulse in the time domain was used to excite ¹²⁹Xe atoms in the tissue and red blood-cell compartments. We assumed that T2* exponential decay in the time domain was equivalent to convolution with a complex Lorentzian function in the frequency domain, and the gradient echo envelope was equivalent to convolution with a rectangular pulse with phase shifting. A rectangular window function and Dirac comb sampling in the time domain modeled analog-to-digital recording. Fast Fourier transforms were modelled by Dirac combs in both time and frequency domains. To account for non-uniform sampling, k-space was re-sampled using a unique sampling function convolution followed by Cartesian sampling. Phase inhomogeneities were corrected using reference gas and spectroscopy data. Conclusion: The proposed linear-system analysis provides a framework for modelling decay constants, peak overlap, and magnetization evolution common in multi-compartment ¹²⁹Xe MRI. Understanding the spectral properties of ¹²⁹Xe MRI will provide a way to identify novel compartments and their abnormalities in diverse pulmonary diseases.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Alexander M. Matheson, Grace Parraga, and Ian A. Cunningham "A linear systems description of multi-compartment pulmonary 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging methods", Proc. SPIE 11600, Medical Imaging 2021: Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging, 116000H (15 February 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2580947

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