View source for Chicagoan and Kansas Cityan

{{short description|Named passenger trains of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan''}}
{{Infobox rail service
| box_width       = 
| name            = ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan''
| color           = FF0000
| image           = Chicagoan at Wichita Union Station (1), March 1967.jpg
| image_width     = 300px
| caption         = The ''Chicagoan'' at [[Union Station (Wichita, Kansas)|Wichita Union Station]] in 1967
| type            = [[Inter-city rail]]
| status          = Discontinued
| locale          = [[Midwestern United States|Midwest]]/[[Southwestern United States|Southwest]]
| predecessor     = 
| first           = {{start date|April 10, 1938}}
| last            = {{start date|April 18, 1968}}
| formeroperator  = [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]]
| ridership       = 
| start           = [[Chicago]]
| stops           = 
| end             = [[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] (1938–1939)<br />[[Oklahoma City]] (1939–1961)<br />Dallas (1961–1968)
| distance        = 
| journeytime     = 
| frequency       = Daily
| trainnumber     = 11/12
| line_used       = 
| class           = 
| seating         = Chair cars
| sleeping        = [[Sleeping cars|Pullman cars]] (1948–late 1950s)
| autorack        = 
| catering        = Lunch counter-dining car
| observation     = [[Dome car|Dome lounge car]] (after 1954)
| baggage         = 
| speed           = 
| map             = {{switcher
 |{{maplink-road|from=Chicagoan and Kansas Cityan.map}}
 |Show interactive map
 |{{Chicagoan and Kansas Cityan|inline=y}}
 |Show BSicon diagram map
}}
| map_state       = 
}}
The '''''Chicagoan''''' and '''''Kansas Cityan''''' were a pair of American named [[passenger trains]] operated by the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]]. They ran between [[Chicago, Illinois]] and [[Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]]. The trains were introduced as a Chicago–[[Wichita, Kansas|Wichita]] service in 1938 and extended to Oklahoma City (with Dallas through sleepers) the next year. A Kansas City–Tulsa connecting train, the '''''Tulsan''''', was also introduced at that time. The ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' ran until 1968, while the ''Tulsan'' ran until 1971.

== History ==
In January 1938, the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]] (Santa Fe) announced plans to introduce a pair of Chicago–Kansas City [[streamliner]]s – aptly named the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' – around April 1 of that year.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-times/126087087/ |title=Santa Fe To Add Diesels |newspaper=Streator Daily Times-Press |date=January 12, 1938 |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/126087097/ |title=Santa Fe Road to Run 2 New Streamliners |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=January 13, 1938 |page=21 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> This was part of a substantial streamlining effort that year by the railroad, which also included a second pair of ''[[Super Chief]]'' trainsets, six sets for the ''[[Chief (train)|Chief]]'', two sets for the ''[[El Capitan (train)|El Capitan]]'', and one set for the ''[[San Diegan (train)|San Diegan]]''. The seven-car lightweight trains were to run on 7-hour schedules.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/126086967/ |title=Santa Fe Presents America's Largest Fleet Of Ultra-Modern Streamlined Trains |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=February 9, 1938 |page=6 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In early April, the Santa Fe announced that the route would be extended from Kansas City to Wichita.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/126087074/ |title=Wichita Terminal For 2 New Santa Fe Streamliners |newspaper=The Wichita Eagle |date=April 3, 1938 |page=6 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Service of the  ''Kansas Cityan'' and ''Chicagoan'', trains 11 and 12, began on April 17, 1938.<ref name=reed>{{Reed-Streamline era}}</ref>{{rp|109}}<ref name=april14>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/126083777/ |title=Another New Streamliner Service |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=April 14, 1938 |page=24 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The trains operated the {{convert|678|mi|km|adj=on}} route in {{frac|11|3|4}} hours on a daytime schedule.{{efn|The Santa Fe incorrectly advertised the route as being {{convert|663|miles}} – the length of the shorter route between Chicago and Wichita via the [[Emporia Subdivision|Ottawa Cutoff]], which the trains did not use in order to serve Topeka.<ref name=april14 /><ref name=1938tt>{{cite book |pages=22, 44 |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF38-4TT.pdf |title=The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Time Tables |date=April 17, 1938 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref>}} <!--The ''Chicagoan'' served as the Newton-to-Chicago portion of the ''Chicago Express''.<ref name=1938tt />-->

On December 10, 1939, the trains were extended to Oklahoma City, extending running times by about three hours. The schedule remained the same between Wichita and Chicago. Between Kansas City and Oklahoma City, they carried Pullman sleeping cars that ran overnight to/from Dallas on the ''Fast Fifteen'' and ''Chicago Express'' (trains 15/16). The Santa Fe also began operating a Kansas City–Tulsa streamliner (trains 211/212) that connected with the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' at Kansas City.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/126090322/ |title=Streamliners Will Speed To Oklahoma and Texas Points |newspaper=The Wichita Eagle |date=November 28, 1939 |page=5 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-emporia-gazette/126090333/ |title=Santa Fe To Improve Service |newspaper=The Emporia Gazette |date=November 28, 1939 |page=3 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>  That train was named as the ''Tulsan'' early in 1940.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/nowata-daily-star/126090356/ |title=Tulsa Contestant Names New Train |newspaper=Nowata Daily Star |date=February 7, 1940 |page=4 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

{{Tulsan|collapse=y}}
On January 6, 1948, the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' began carrying Chicago–Dallas sleeping cars and coaches, which ran on the ''Fast Fifteen'' and ''Chicago Express'' south of Oklahoma City.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-worth-star-telegram/126344411/ |title=Through Service on Sleeper to Chicago |newspaper=Fort Worth Star-Telegram |date=December 23, 1947 |page=14 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-worth-star-telegram/126344397/ |title=Through Pullman to Chicago Inaugurated |newspaper=Fort Worth Star-Telegram |date=January 7, 1948 |page=17 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/126344350/ |title=2 new Pullman through services [advertisement] |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=January 5, 1948 |page=21 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> On April 4, 1948, the Santa Fe introduced the ''[[Texas Chief]]'' as its premier Chicago–Texas train. It ran overnight between Chicago and Oklahoma (opposite the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan''), but its faster schedule allowed it to replace the ''Fast Fifteen'' and ''Chicago Express'' south of Fort Worth. Trains 111/112 (''Texas Express'' and ''Chicago Express'') began operating between Oklahoma City and Dallas on similar schedules as the replaced trains, with Chicago–Dallas through cars exchanged with the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' at Oklahoma City.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF49-7CTT.pdf |title=The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Time Tables |date=July 31, 1949 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway |pages=11, 16}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-ponca-city-news/126403015/ |title=New Texas Chief Due Here Sunday On Its First Trip |newspaper=The Ponca City News |date=April 10, 1948 |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-worth-star-telegram/126403263/ |title='Texas Chief's' Maiden Trip Is Set for April 3 |newspaper=Fort Worth Star-Telegram |date=March 13, 1948 |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

The ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' received new full-length "[[Big Dome]]" lounges in 1954.<ref name=wayner>{{Wayner - Car names, numbers, consists}}</ref>{{rp|196}}<ref name=195401tt /><ref name=195406tt>{{cite book |url=http://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF54-6TT.pdf |title=Time Schedules Of Principal Trains |pages=11, 25 |date=June 6, 1954 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> After 1953, sleeping cars only operated between Kansas City and Dallas.<ref name=1953tt>{{cite book |title=System Time Tables |page=10 |url=http://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF53TTocr.pdf |date=January 1, 1953 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref><ref name=195401tt>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF54-1TT.pdf |title=Time Schedules Of Principal Trains |page=25 |date=January 10, 1954 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> They were removed from the trains later that decade.<ref name=1957tt /><ref name=1960tt>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF60-4TT.pdf |title=System Time Tables |date=April 1960 |page=10 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> The ''Chicagoan'' became the Kansas City–Chicago connection for the eastbound northern section of the ''[[Grand Canyon Limited|Grand Canyon]]'' on June 6, 1954.<ref name=195406tt /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/great-bend-tribune/127701752/ |title=Santa Fe to Cut Two Trains From Schedules Here |newspaper=Great Bend Tribune |date=April 28, 1954 |page=1 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The ''Grand Canyon'' was rerouted away from [[Great Bend, Kansas]] on September 25, 1955. The Santa Fe began operating a {{amtk|Dodge City}}–[[Great Bend station|Great Bend]]–Newton round trip, trains 311/312, which connected with the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' at Newton in both directions.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/127701710/ |title=Santa Fe to Trim Great Bend Service |newspaper=The Wichita Eagle |date=September 13, 1955 |page=28 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The ''Chicagoan'' began making local stops east of Kansas City only for passengers coming from train 312.<ref name=1956tt>{{cite book |url=http://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF56-5TT.pdf |title=System Time Tables |date=May 14, 1956 |page=17 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref>

On March 3, 1957, the ''Kansas Cityan'' was combined with the ''[[Chief (train)|Chief]]'' from Chicago to Kansas City.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/127985051/ |title=Change in Service [Advertisement] |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=March 1, 1957 |page=9 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The combined train began making local stops east of Kansas City only for passengers connecting to train 311.<ref name=1957tt>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF57-4TT.pdf |title=System Time Tables |date=April 28, 1957 |page=16 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> Around 1961, the ''Chicago Express'' and ''Texas Express'' were merged with the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'', rather than operating separately.<ref name=1960tt /><ref name=1961tt>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF61-4TT.pdf |title=System Time Tables |date=April 1961 |page=10 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> Trains 311/312 were cut back slightly to [[Kinsley, Kansas|Kinsley]] in June 1964 and discontinued on June 13, 1965.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/127981496/ |title=Doodlebug Ends last Runs Today At Newton |first=Clayton |last=Koppes |newspaper=The Wichita Eagle |date=June 13, 1965 |page=8 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

In October 1967, the Santa Fe sought [[Interstate Commerce Commission]] (ICC) permission to discontinue most of its remaining passenger service due to the [[Railway post office#Decline and withdrawal|US Post Office ending rail transport of mail]], which effectively subsidized many passenger trains. The ''Chicagoan'', ''Kansas Cityan'', ''Tulsan'' and ''Oil Flyer'' (another Tulsa–Kansas City train with Chicago connections) were among those proposed to be discontinued.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/128005886/ |title=Santa Fe's Train Cuts Protested |newspaper=The Wichita Eagle |date=October 5, 1967 |pages=1, [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-eagle/128005639/ 10] |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-beacon/128005904/ |title=Wichita May Lose Four Santa Fe Passenger Trains |newspaper=The Wichita Beacon |date=October 4, 1967 |page=42 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> Hearings for the Tulsa trains were held in January 1967.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/olathe-news/127258325/ |title=Santa Fe RR Hearing Today |newspaper=Olathe News |date=January 10, 1968 |page=7 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> In hearings the next month regarding the ''Chicagoan'' and ''Kansas Cityan'' plus the Chicago-to-Kansas City ''Kansas City Chief'', the railroad cited losses of $363,913 in 1966 ({{inflation|US|363913|1966|fmt=eq|r=-4}}) for the three trains.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-kansas-city-star/127258755/ |title=Protest Halt In Train Runs |newspaper=The Kansas City Star |date=February 13, 1968 |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The ICC granted permission in March to discontinue the ''Oil Flyer'', but ordered the ''Tulsan'' kept for a year.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/springfield-leader-and-press/127258907/ |title=Keep 'Tulsan' Trains, ICC Tells Santa Fe |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=Springfield Leader and Press |date=March 6, 1968 |page=24 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> 

Permission to discontinue the ''Chicagoan'', ''Kansas Cityan'', and ''Kansas City Chief'' was given on April 12.<ref name=april13>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-beacon/127258923/ |title=ICC Approves Discontinuance Of 2 Trains Here |newspaper=The Wichita Beacon |date=April 13, 1968 |page=2 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> The final runs of the trains were on April 17–18, 1968, leaving only the ''Texas Chief'' on the Santa Fe's Chicago–Texas route.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-beacon/127258952/ |title=No. 12 Now History, Station Seats Empty |newspaper=The Wichita Beacon |date=April 18, 1968 |pages=1, [https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-wichita-beacon/127258996/ 2] |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Bartels |first1=Michael |title=Great Plains Dispatcher |page=4 |url=http://www.gptm.us/dispatcher/08_04.pdf |work=Newsletter |publisher=Great Plains Transportation Museum and the Wichita Chapter National Railway Historical Society |date=April 2008 |access-date=2009-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219110858/http://gptm.us/dispatcher/08_04.pdf |archive-date=2009-02-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Because the trains were discontinued less than 30 days after the order, the ICC required alternate service to several cities. The ''Texas Chief'' was rerouted to serve {{amtk|Lawrence}} and {{amtk|Topeka}} to fulfill this.<ref name=april13 /><ref name=196807tt /> The ''Tulsan'' continued to operate, with the ''Grand Canyon'' serving as its Chicago connection.<ref name=196807tt>{{cite book |url=https://streamlinermemories.info/SF/SF68-7TT.pdf |title=Time Table |date=July 15, 1968 |publisher=Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway}}</ref> When [[Amtrak]] took over intercity passenger service on May 1, 1971, the ''Texas Chief'' was retained, while the ''Tulsan'' was discontinued.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world/127264127/ |title=Santa Set to Join Railpax Passenger Unit |newspaper=Tulsa World |date=April 20, 1971 |page=13 |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>

<!--
==Train consists==
At the train's inception, each of the two trainsets consisted of the following units:

* One [[EMC E1|EMC E1A]] {{convert|1800|HP|MW|abbr=on|adj=on}} [[Diesel locomotive]]
* One Baggage {{convert|30|ft|m|adj=on}} or [[Railway Post Office]] car
* Three 52 seat coaches
* One 26 seat coach or 30-seat club lounge car
* One 48 seat [[dining car]]
* One 32 seat parlor observation

The inaugural runs of the two lightweight streamliners were operated with [[Electro-Motive Corporation]] [[EMC E1|E1A]] units numbered 8 and 9. However, within a month, Santa Fe rebuilt the old Santa Fe [[EMC 1800 hp B-B|Box Cab]] Diesel passenger units 1A and 1B as single-cab units for the new trains, and assigned them the road numbers 1 and 10. After being rebuilt in Santa Fe's [[Topeka]] shops with an elevated cab over a new snub nose and new [[AAR wheel arrangement|AAR 1B]] drop-equalizer trucks, and painted  in the Santa Fe [[Warbonnet (paint scheme)|"war bonnet" paint scheme]], they replaced the newer E-units. -->

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category inline}}

{{ATSF named trains}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chicagoan}}
[[Category:Passenger trains of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]]
[[Category:Named passenger trains of the United States]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 1938]]
[[Category:Railway services discontinued in 1968]]