Jump to content

Motomachi Station (Hyōgo): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 34°41′23″N 135°11′15″E / 34.6896°N 135.1874°E / 34.6896; 135.1874
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary
m fixed/removed deprecated parameters from Template:Infobox station (via WP:JWB)
 
(47 intermediate revisions by 31 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Railway station in Kobe, Japan}}{{Expand Japanese|topic=transp|date=June 2022}}{{Infobox station
{{nihongo|'''Motomachi Station'''|元町駅|Motomachi-eki}} is a railway station in [[Motomachi (Hyogo)| Motomachi]], [[Chūō-ku, Kobe|Chūō-ku]], [[Kobe]], [[Hyōgo Prefecture]], [[Japan]].
| name = Motomachi Station
| native_name = 元町駅
| native_name_lang = ja
| type =
| image = Kobe motomachi st01s3200.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Facade of the station
| other_name =
| address = 1-100, Motomachi Kōka-Dōri (JR)<br />10-2, Motomachi-Dōri 2-chōme (Hanshin)<br />[[Chūō-ku, Kobe|Chūō]], [[Kobe, Hyōgo|Kobe]], [[Hyōgo Prefecture|Hyōgo]]<br />{{Nihongo2|(神戸市中央区元町高架通1-100 (JR)<br />神戸市中央区元町通二丁目10-2 (阪神))}}
| country = Japan
| coordinates = {{Coord|34.6896|135.1874|format=dms|display=inline,title|type:railwaystation_region:JP}}
| operator = {{Plainlist|
* [[West Japan Railway Company|JR West]]
* [[Hanshin Electric Railway]]
}}
| line = {{Plainlist|
* [[JR Kōbe Line]] ([[Tōkaidō Main Line]])
* [[Hanshin Main Line|Main Line]]
* [[Tōzai Line (Kobe)|Kōbe Kōsoku Line]]
}}
| platforms =
| connections = {{Plainlist|
* Bus stop
}}
| structure = Elevated (JR West)<br/>Underground (Hanshin)
| accessible = Yes
| code = {{RouteBox|JR-A62||#0072bc}} (JR West)<br/>HS 33 (Hanshin)
| opened = 1905
| closed =
| former =
| passengers = 48,787 (JR)<br />15,242 (Hanshin) daily
| pass_year = 2008 (JR<br />2005 (Hanshin)
| services =
{{J-route|route=West Japan Railway Company (JR West)<br/>Tōkaidō Line (JR Kōbe Line) (A-62)|f=w|col=#0072bc}}
{{J-rserv|service=Local|b=d|previous={{STN|Sannomiya|JR West|Sannomiya}} (JR-A61) |next={{STN|Kōbe}} (JR-A63) |col=gray}}
{{J-rserv|service=Rapid Service|previous=Sannomiya (JR-A61) |next=Kōbe (JR-A63) |b=d|col=#ff6600}}
{{J-rserv|service=Special Rapid Service|p}}
{{J-route|route=Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line,<br/>Kōbe Kōsoku Line (HS 33)|col=blue|f=w}}
{{J-rserv|service=Hanshin Local|f=b|b=d|previous={{STN|Sannomiya||Kobe-Sannomiya}} (HS 32, Main Line)|next={{STN|Nishi-Motomachi}} (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=navy}}
{{J-rserv|service=Sanyo Local|f=b|b=d|previous={{STN|Sannomiya||Kobe-Sannomiya}} (HS 32, Main Line)|next={{STN|Nishi-Motomachi}} (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=black}}
{{J-rserv|service=Rapid Express (3 eastbound trains only, on weekends and holidays)|f=b|b=d|previous=Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)|next=Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=#09c}}
{{J-rserv|service=Hanshin Limited Express|f=b|b=d|previous=Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)|next=Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=red}}
{{J-rserv|service=Through Limited Express (yellow marking)|f=b|b=d|previous=Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)|next=Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=yellow}}
{{J-rserv|service=Sanyo S Limited Express|b=d|previous=Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)|next=Kōsoku Kōbe (HS 35, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=green}}
{{J-rserv|service=Through Limited Express (red marking)|previous=Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)|next={{STN|Kosoku Kobe}} (HS 35, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)|col=red}}
| services_collapsible = yes
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Motomachi Station'''|元町駅|Motomachi-eki}} is a [[railway station]] in [[Motomachi, Kobe|Motomachi]], [[Chūō-ku, Kobe|Chūō-ku]], [[Kobe]], [[Hyōgo Prefecture]], Japan.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/776109204 |title=Hyōgo no tetsudō zen'eki : jēāru sanseku kennai hyakurokujūsan'eki haisen ryakuzutsuki tetsudō isan mokuzō ekisha o tazunete sharyō ichirantsuki |date=2011 |publisher=Kōbeshinbunsōgōshuppansentā |others=Kōbe Shinbun Sōgō Shuppan Sentā., 神戶新聞総合出版センター. |isbn=978-4-343-00602-8 |location=[Place of publication not identified] |oclc=776109204}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/822875937 |title=Hyōgo no tetsudō zen'eki : shitetsu kōei tetsudō kennai nihyakujūhachieki haisen ryakuzutsuki kosei afureru kyūtetsudō no ekisha ga daishūgō |date=2012 |publisher=Kōbeshinbunsōgōshuppansentā |others=Kōbe Shinbun Sōgō Shuppan Sentā., 神戶新聞総合出版センター. |isbn=978-4-343-00674-5 |location=[Place of publication not identified] |oclc=822875937}}</ref>


It is one of the main stations serving the central business district of Kobe. The station is the closest access point to the Motomachi shopping district and to [[Kobe_Chinatown|Nanking Town]], one of Japan's three largest [[Chinatown]] districts.
It is one of the main stations serving the central business district of Kobe. The station is the closest access point to the Motomachi shopping district and to [[Kobe Chinatown|Nanking Town]], one of Japan's three largest [[Chinatown]] districts.


==Lines==
==Lines==
{{Kobe Rapid Railway}}
*[[West Japan Railway Company|JR West]] [[JR Kōbe Line]] ([[Tōkaidō Main Line]])
*[[West Japan Railway Company|JR West]] [[JR Kōbe Line]] ([[Tōkaidō Main Line]])
*[[Hanshin Electric Railway]] [[Hanshin Main Line|Main Line]]
*[[Hanshin Electric Railway]] [[Hanshin Main Line|Main Line]], [[Tōzai Line (Kobe)|Kōbe Kōsoku Line]]
*[[Kobe Rapid Transit Railway]] [[Tōzai Line (Kobe)|Tōzai Line]]


The JR and Hanshin/Kobe Rapid platforms are separated and no interchange is possible without completely leaving one building and entering another; therefore there are technically two separate Motomachi stations, although they are often treated as one.
The JR and Hanshin platforms are separated and no interchange is possible without completely leaving one building and entering another; therefore there are technically two separate Motomachi stations, although they are often treated as one.


The JR station is served by local and rapid trains.
The JR station is served by local and rapid trains.


The Hanshin station is the western terminus of the Main Line, although service continues west on the Kobe Rapid Railway.
The Hanshin station is the western terminus of the Main Line, although service continues west on the Kobe Rapid Railway.


==JR West==
[[image:JR_Motomachi_StaHome.JPG|thumb|left|JR platforms at Motomachi; a freight train passes by in the background]]
==Layout==
===Overview===
There are 2 elevated [[island platform]]s serving 2 tracks each.
===JR West===
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=1|first=2|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=rapid service for {{STN|Nishi-Akashi}} and {{STN|Himeji}} in the morning and the evening on weekdays|col=#0072bc}}
There are two elevated [[island platform]]s with four tracks.
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=1|first=2|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=rapid service for {{Ja-stalink|Nishi-Akashi}}, {{Ja-stalink|Kakogawa}} and {{Ja-stalink|Himeji}} in the morning and in the evening on weekdays|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=2|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=local trains and rapid service for {{STN|Nishi-Akashi}} and {{STN|Himeji}}|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=2|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=local trains and rapid service for {{Ja-stalink|Nishi-Akashi}}, {{Ja-stalink|Kakogawa}} and {{Ja-stalink|Himeji}}|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=3|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=local trains and rapid service for {{STN|Sannomiya|JR West|Sannomiya}}, {{STN|Amagasaki|JR West|Amagasaki}} and {{STN|Osaka}}<br />local trains for {{STN|Kitashinchi}} ([[JR Tozai Line]])|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=3|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=local trains and rapid service for {{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya|Sannomiya|JR West}}, {{Ja-stalink|Amagasaki|Amagasaki|JR West}}, {{Ja-stalink|Osaka}} and {{Ja-stalink|Kyoto}}<br />local trains for {{ja-stalink|Kitashinchi}}, {{ja-stalink|Hanaten}}, {{ja-stalink|Shijonawate}} and {{ja-stalink|Matsuiyamate}} via the [[JR Tozai Line]]|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=4|first=3|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=rapid service for {{STN|Sannomiya|JR West|Sannomiya}}, {{STN|Amagasaki|JR West|Amagasaki}} and {{STN|Osaka}} in the morning|col=#0072bc}}
{{Ja-rail-line|pfn=4|first=3|linename=JR Kobe Line|dir=rapid service for {{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya|Sannomiya|JR West}}, {{Ja-stalink|Amagasaki|Amagasaki|JR West}}, {{Ja-stalink|Osaka}} and {{Ja-stalink|Kyoto}} in the morning|col=#0072bc}}


{{Routemap|style=float:left;clear:none;margin-right:1em
===Hanshin, Kobe Rapid===
|title=Motomachi Station (JR West) layout
There is an underground [[island platform]] with two tracks.
|title-color=white|title-bg=#0072bc
{{ja-rail-line|first=2|pfn=1|nidx=<span style="color:navy">■</span>[[Hanshin Main Line|Hanshin Railway Main Line]]|dir=for {{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya}}, {{Ja-stalink|Koshien}}, {{Ja-stalink|Amagasaki|Amagasaki|Hanshin}}, {{Ja-stalink|Umeda|Osaka (Umeda)}}, {{Ja-stalink|Osaka Namba|Namba}}, and {{Ja-stalink|Kintetsu Nara|Nara}}|col=orangered}}
|top=
{{ja-rail-line|first=3|pfn=2|nidx=<span style="color:navy">■</span>[[Tozai Line (Kobe)|Kobe Rapid Tozai Line]]|dir=for {{Ja-stalink|Kosoku Kobe}}, {{Ja-stalink|Sanyo Suma|Suma}}, {{Ja-stalink|Sanyo Akashi|Akashi}}, and {{Ja-stalink|Sanyo Himeji|Himeji}}|col=orangered}}
|legend=track
|map=
-colspan-start
↑{{STN|Sannomiya|JR West}}
-colspan-end
*4\*3\*2\*1~~ ~~ ~~
STRg\STRg\STRf\STRf~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)\PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)\PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)\PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)\PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
STRg\STRg\STRf\STRf~~ ~~ ~~
-colspan-start
↓{{STN|Kobe|Hyōgo}}
-colspan-end
}}
{{clear}}
==Hanshin Railway==
===Overview===
There is an underground [[island platform]] serving 2 tracks.
{{Ja-rail-line|first=2|pfn=1|nidx=<span style="color:navy">■</span>[[Hanshin Main Line|Main Line]]|dir=for {{STN|Koshien}}, {{STN|Amagasaki|Hanshin|Amagasaki}}, {{STN|Umeda||Osaka-Umeda}}, {{STN|Osaka Namba}} and {{STN|Kintetsu Nara||Nara}}|col=orangered}}
{{Ja-rail-line|first=3|pfn=2|nidx=<span style="color:navy">■</span>[[Tozai Line (Kobe)|Kōbe Kōsoku Line]]|dir=for {{STN|Kosoku Kobe}}, {{STN|Sanyo Suma||Suma}}, {{STN|Sanyo Akashi||Akashi}}, and {{STN|Sanyo Himeji||Himeji}}|col=orangered}}
{{Routemap|style=float:left;clear:none;margin-right:1em
|title=Motomachi Station (Hanshin) layout
|title-color=white|title-bg=blue
|top=
|legend=track
|map=
-colspan-start
↑{{STN|Sannomiya}}
-colspan-end
*1\*2~~ ~~ ~~
STRg\STRf~~ ~~ ~~
KRWgl+l\KRWgr+r~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
PSTR(L)\PSTR(R)~~ ~~ ~~
STRg\STRf~~ ~~ ~~
-colspan-start
↓{{STN|Nishi-Motomachi}}
-colspan-end
}}
{{clear}}
==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:JR Motomachi StaHome.JPG|JR platforms at Motomachi; a freight train passes by in the background
File:Platform of Motomachi Station (Hanshin).JPG|The Hanshin Line platforms are underground
</gallery>


== Adjacent stations ==
== History ==
Station numbering was introduced to the JR platforms in March 2018 with Motomachi being assigned station number JR-A62.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2016 |title=近畿エリアの12路線 のべ300駅に「駅ナンバー」を導入します! |trans-title="Station numbers" will be introduced at a total of 300 stations on 12 lines in the Kinki area! |url=https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/2016/07/page_8973.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116010608/https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/2016/07/page_8973.html |archive-date=16 November 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=westjr.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 July 2016 |title=「駅ナンバー」一覧表 |trans-title="Station number" list |url=https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/items/160720_01_ekinumber.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116010610/https://www.westjr.co.jp/press/article/items/160720_01_ekinumber.pdf |archive-date=16 November 2022 |access-date=30 December 2022 |website=westjr.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref>
{{J-railservice start}}
{{J-route|route=West Japan Railway Company (JR West) Tōkaidō Line (JR Kōbe Line)|f=w|col=#0072bc}}
{{J-rserv|service=Local|b=d|previous={{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya|Sannomiya|JR West}}|next={{Ja-stalink|Kōbe}}|col=gray}}
{{J-rserv|service=Rapid Service|previous=Sannomiya|next=Kōbe|b=d|col=#ff6600}}
{{J-rserv|service=Special Rapid Service|p}}
{{J-route|route=Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line<br />Kobe Rapid Transit Railway Tōzai Line|col=blue|f=w}}
{{J-rserv|service=Hanshin Local|f=b|b=d|previous={{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya}} (Hanshin)|next={{Ja-stalink|Nishi-Motomachi}} (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=navy}}
{{J-rserv|service=Sanyo Local|f=b|b=d|previous={{Ja-stalink|Sannomiya}} (Hanshin)|next={{Ja-stalink|Nishi-Motomachi}} (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=black}}
{{J-rserv|service=Hanshin Limited Express|f=b|b=d|previous=Sannomiya (Hanshin)|next=Nishi-Motomachi (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=red}}
{{J-rserv|service=Through Limited Express (yellow marking)|f=b|b=d|previous=Sannomiya (Hanshin)|next=Nishi-Motomachi (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=yellow}}
{{J-rserv|service=Sanyo S Limited Express|b=d|previous=Sannomiya (Hanshin)|next=Kōsoku Kōbe (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=green}}
{{J-rserv|service=Through Limited Express (red marking)|previous=Sannomiya (Hanshin)|next={{Ja-stalink|Kosoku Kobe}} (Kobe Rapid Transit Railway)|col=red}}
{{end box}}

{{Commonscat|Motomachi Station, Kobe}}


==Surroundings==
{{coord|34.6895628|135.1873899|type:landmark|display=title}}
*[[Kyūkyoryūchi-Daimarumae Station]]
*[[Kenchōmae Station (Hyōgo)|Kenchōmae Station]] on the Seishin-Yamate Line


== References ==
{{DEFAULTSORT:Motomachi}}
{{Kōbe Line}}
{{Reflist}}{{Kōbe Line}}
{{Hanshin Main Line}}
{{Hanshin Main Line}}
{{Kobe Rapid Transit Railway Tōzai Line}}
{{Kobe Rapid Transit Railway Tōzai Line}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Motomachi Station (Hyogo)}}
{{Hyōgo-rail-station-stub}}

[[Category:Railway stations in Hyōgo Prefecture]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Hyōgo Prefecture]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Japan opened in 1905]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Kobe]]
[[Category:Tōkaidō Main Line]]
[[Category:Tōkaidō Main Line]]
[[Category:Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line]]
[[Category:Hanshin Main Line]]

[[ko:모토마치 역 (효고 현)]]
[[ja:元町駅 (兵庫県)]]

Latest revision as of 05:03, 31 July 2024

Motomachi Station

元町駅
Facade of the station
General information
Location1-100, Motomachi Kōka-Dōri (JR)
10-2, Motomachi-Dōri 2-chōme (Hanshin)
Chūō, Kobe, Hyōgo
(神戸市中央区元町高架通1-100 (JR)
神戸市中央区元町通二丁目10-2 (阪神))

Japan
Coordinates34°41′23″N 135°11′15″E / 34.6896°N 135.1874°E / 34.6896; 135.1874
Operated by
Line(s)
Connections
  • Bus stop
Construction
Structure typeElevated (JR West)
Underground (Hanshin)
AccessibleYes
Other information
Station code JR-A62  (JR West)
HS 33 (Hanshin)
History
Opened1905
Passengers
2008 (JR
2005 (Hanshin)
48,787 (JR)
15,242 (Hanshin) daily
Services
West Japan Railway Company (JR West)
Tōkaidō Line (JR Kōbe Line) (A-62)
Sannomiya (JR-A61)   Local   Kōbe (JR-A63)
Sannomiya (JR-A61)   Rapid Service   Kōbe (JR-A63)
Special Rapid Service: Does not stop at this station
Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line,
Kōbe Kōsoku Line (HS 33)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Hanshin Local   Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Sanyo Local   Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Rapid Express (3 eastbound trains only, on weekends and holidays)   Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Hanshin Limited Express   Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Through Limited Express (yellow marking)   Nishi-Motomachi (HS 34, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Sanyo S Limited Express   Kōsoku Kōbe (HS 35, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)
Kobe-Sannomiya (HS 32, Main Line)   Through Limited Express (red marking)   Kosoku Kobe (HS 35, Kōbe Kōsoku Line)

Motomachi Station (元町駅, Motomachi-eki) is a railway station in Motomachi, Chūō-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan.[1][2]

It is one of the main stations serving the central business district of Kobe. The station is the closest access point to the Motomachi shopping district and to Nanking Town, one of Japan's three largest Chinatown districts.

Lines

[edit]

The JR and Hanshin platforms are separated and no interchange is possible without completely leaving one building and entering another; therefore there are technically two separate Motomachi stations, although they are often treated as one.

The JR station is served by local and rapid trains.

The Hanshin station is the western terminus of the Main Line, although service continues west on the Kobe Rapid Railway.

JR West

[edit]

Overview

[edit]

There are 2 elevated island platforms serving 2 tracks each.

1  JR Kobe Line rapid service for Nishi-Akashi and Himeji in the morning and the evening on weekdays
2  JR Kobe Line local trains and rapid service for Nishi-Akashi and Himeji
3  JR Kobe Line local trains and rapid service for Sannomiya, Amagasaki and Osaka
local trains for Kitashinchi (JR Tozai Line)
4  JR Kobe Line rapid service for Sannomiya, Amagasaki and Osaka in the morning
Motomachi Station (JR West) layout

Sannomiya

4
3
2
1

Kobe

Hanshin Railway

[edit]

Overview

[edit]

There is an underground island platform serving 2 tracks.

1  Main Line for Koshien, Amagasaki, Osaka-Umeda, Osaka Namba and Nara
2  Kōbe Kōsoku Line for Kosoku Kobe, Suma, Akashi, and Himeji
Motomachi Station (Hanshin) layout

Sannomiya

1
2

Nishi-Motomachi

[edit]

History

[edit]

Station numbering was introduced to the JR platforms in March 2018 with Motomachi being assigned station number JR-A62.[3][4]

Surroundings

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Hyōgo no tetsudō zen'eki : jēāru sanseku kennai hyakurokujūsan'eki haisen ryakuzutsuki tetsudō isan mokuzō ekisha o tazunete sharyō ichirantsuki. Kōbe Shinbun Sōgō Shuppan Sentā., 神戶新聞総合出版センター. [Place of publication not identified]: Kōbeshinbunsōgōshuppansentā. 2011. ISBN 978-4-343-00602-8. OCLC 776109204.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^ Hyōgo no tetsudō zen'eki : shitetsu kōei tetsudō kennai nihyakujūhachieki haisen ryakuzutsuki kosei afureru kyūtetsudō no ekisha ga daishūgō. Kōbe Shinbun Sōgō Shuppan Sentā., 神戶新聞総合出版センター. [Place of publication not identified]: Kōbeshinbunsōgōshuppansentā. 2012. ISBN 978-4-343-00674-5. OCLC 822875937.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  3. ^ "近畿エリアの12路線 のべ300駅に「駅ナンバー」を導入します!" ["Station numbers" will be introduced at a total of 300 stations on 12 lines in the Kinki area!]. westjr.co.jp (in Japanese). 20 July 2016. Archived from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022.
  4. ^ "「駅ナンバー」一覧表" ["Station number" list] (PDF). westjr.co.jp (in Japanese). 20 July 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 30 December 2022.