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{{Short description|Defunct airline of Ecuador, 1964–1999}}
{{Infobox airline
{{Infobox airline
| airline = SAN <br> (Servicios Aéreos Nacionales)
| airline = SAN <br> (Servicios Aéreos Nacionales)
Line 10: Line 11:
| ceased = 1999
| ceased = 1999
| aoc =
| aoc =
| hubs = [[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport]]
| hubs = [[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport|Simón Bolívar International Airport]]
| secondary_hubs =
| secondary_hubs =
| focus_cities =
| focus_cities =
| frequent_flyer =
| frequent_flyer =
| alliance =
| alliance = [[Ecuatoriana de Aviación]] (1970s)
| subsidiaries =
| subsidiaries =
| fleet_size = 19
| fleet_size = 3
| destinations = 6
| destinations = 8
| parent = [[SAETA]]
| parent = [[SAETA]]
| headquarters = [[Guayaquil]], [[Ecuador]]
| headquarters = [[Guayaquil]], [[Ecuador]]
Line 27: Line 28:


==History==
==History==
[[File:SAN Caravelle Volpati.jpg|thumb|A SAN [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] at the [[Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport]] in 1975]]
[[File:SAN Caravelle Volpati.jpg|thumb|A SAN [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] (reg. HC-BAJ) at the [[Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport]] in 1975. This aircraft crashed as Flight 832 in Guayaquil, in April 1983.]]


SAN was founded to provide commercial aviation services within the Republic of [[Ecuador]]. Its Deed of Incorporation was granted on January 21, 1964 in the city of [[Quito]], before the Notary Cristóbal Guarderas and registered in the Mercantile Registry of Quito on March 3, 1964. With two [[Douglas C-47A]]s, the first routes directly connected [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]] with [[Guayaquil]] in passenger transport operations in 1966, these operations were daily.
SAN was founded on January 21, 1964, providing commercial services within Ecuador with two [[Douglas C-47A]]s. the first routes directly connected [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]] with [[Guayaquil]] in passenger transport operations in 1966, these operations were daily.


In September 1970, the company acquired two [[Vickers Viscount]] from the Japanese airline [[All Nippon Airways]]. Its arrival in Ecuador and entry into service marked a decided modernization of the flight equipment, which allowed the company to continue operating its usual routes and inaugurate direct flights from Cuenca to [[Quito]] and for the routes to Guayaquil to be operated with its own teams.
In 1970, the company signed an alliance with [[Ecuatoriana de Aviación]]. That same year, SAN acquired two [[Vickers Viscount]] from [[All Nippon Airways]]. Its arrival in Ecuador and entry into service marked a decided modernization of the flight equipment, which allowed the company to continue operating its usual routes and inaugurate direct flights from Cuenca to [[Quito]] and for the routes to Guayaquil to be operated with its own teams.


In 1975, three [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] were acquired from [[TAP Air Portugal]], two of them are put into service on the frequencies assigned between the cities of Quito and Guayaquil and one was stored in Cuenca for to serve as a source of spare parts. SAN's intention was to operate with the Caravelles to and from Cuenca, but this was not authorized by the aeronautical authorities of that time.
In 1975, three [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] were acquired from [[TAP Air Portugal]], two of them are put into service on the frequencies assigned between the cities of Quito and Guayaquil and one was stored in Cuenca for to serve as a source of spare parts. SAN's intention was to operate with the Caravelles to and from Cuenca, but this was not authorized by the aeronautical authorities of that time.


In 1979, two more Sud Caravelles were bought, this time from [[Luxair]], one in service and the other for spare parts. In this period, the Cuenca investors who had a majority decided to sell their shares to a Guayaquil businessman. At the end of 1980, 2 [[Boeing 727-100]] were incorporated, the company maintained in its fleet only one and the other one was sold to [[TAME]].
In 1979, SAN purchased two Sud Caravelles from [[Luxair]], one was used in service and the other for spare parts. In this period, the Cuenca investors who had a majority decided to sell their shares to a Guayaquil businessman. By 1981, two [[Boeing 727-100]]s were incorporated, which one maintained its fleet and the other one was sold to [[TAME]].


In 1990, SAN was absorbed by the Ecuadorian airline [[SAETA]], increasing its frequencies and fleet for national and international flights. But the next years were of absolute decline until in 1999, when the company definitively ceased operations.
In the early 1990s, SAN was absorbed by Ecuadorian airline [[SAETA]], increasing its frequencies and fleet for national and international flights. But the next years were of absolute decline until in 1999, when the company definitively ceased operations.


==Destinations==
==Destinations==
[[File:HC-ATV V, Viscount San Ecuador July 79 (38249929242).jpg|thumb|A SAN [[Vickers Viscount]] at [[Coventry Airport]] in July 1979]]
[[File:HC-ATV V, Viscount San Ecuador July 79 (38249929242).jpg|thumb|A SAN [[Vickers Viscount]] parked at [[Coventry Airport]] in July 1979]]


*'''{{COL}}'''
⚫
**[[Bogota]] ([[El Dorado International Airport]])
**[[Cali]] ([[Alfonso Bonilla Aragón International Airport]])
*'''{{ECU}}'''
*'''{{ECU}}'''
**[[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]] ([[Mariscal Lamar International Airport]])
**[[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]] ([[Mariscal Lamar International Airport]])
**[[Esmeraldas, Ecuador|Esmeraldas]] ([[Colonel Carlos Concha Torres Airport]])
**[[Guayaquil]] ([[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport]]) '''Hub'''
**[[Guayaquil]] ([[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport]]) '''Hub'''
**[[Macas (city)|Macas]] ([[Edmundo Carvajal Airport]])
⚫
**[[Manta, Ecuador|Manta]] ([[Eloy Alfaro International Airport]])
**[[Quito]] ([[Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport]])
**[[Quito]] ([[Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport]])
**[[San Cristóbal Island]] ([[San Cristóbal Airport]])
*'''{{USA}}'''
*'''{{USA}}'''
**[[Miami]] ([[Miami International Airport]])
**[[Miami]] ([[Miami International Airport]])


==Fleet==
==Fleet==
SAN had operated the following aircraft since it commenced operations:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aerotransport.org/php/go.php?query=operator&luck=1&where=4507|title=Fleet list of SAN|accessdate=December 18, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rati.com/ALLANDING_1044.htm|title=SAN at Air Transport Intelligence|accessdate=December 18, 2008}}</ref>
SAN had operated the following aircraft:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aerotransport.org/php/go.php?query=operator&luck=1&where=4507|title=Fleet list of SAN|accessdate=December 18, 2008}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em auto; text-align:center"
⚫
*2 [[Boeing 727-100]]
|+ SAN fleet
⚫
*1 [[Boeing 727-200]]
|-
⚫
*3 [[Douglas C-47A Skytrain]]
!Aircraft
⚫
*5 [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]]
!Total
⚫
*8 [[Vickers Viscount]]
!Introduced
!Retired
!Notes
|-
⚫
|[[Boeing 727-100]]
|2
|1981
|1998
|
|-
⚫
|[[Boeing 727-200]]
|1
|1997
|1999
|Operated by [[SAETA]]
|-
⚫
|[[Douglas C-47A Skytrain]]
|2
|1964
|1976
|
|-
⚫
|[[Sud Aviation Caravelle]]
|5
|1975
|1986
|
|-
|[[Vickers Viscount|Vickers Viscount 700D]]
|4
|1969
|1982
|
|-
⚫
|[[Vickers Viscount|Vickers Viscount 800]]
|2
|1970
|1982
|
|-
|}
==Accidents and incidents==
==Accidents and incidents==
*On September 4, 1977, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-IBL) crashed into a mountain in the [[El Cajas|Cajas Mountains]] killing all 33 people on board.<ref name=ASN040977>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?|id=19770904-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|accessdate=October 8, 2009}}</ref>
*On September 4, 1977, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-BCL) crashed into a mountain in the [[El Cajas|Cajas Mountains]], killing all 33 people on board.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/|id=19770904-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref>
⚫
*On December 29, 1977, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-BEM) crashed into a hill near [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]]. All 24 people on board were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/|id=19771229-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref>

*On December 29, 1977, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-BEM) crashed into a hill near [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]]. All 24 people on board were killed.<ref name=ASN291277>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?|id=19771229-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|accessdate=October 8, 2009}}</ref>
*On October 8, 1982, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-ATV) was damaged beyond repairs after a runway excursion at [[Mariscal Lamar International Airport]] in [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/|id=19821008-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref>
*On April 29, 1983, SAN Flight 832, a [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] (registered HC-BAJ) [[controlled flight into terrain|crashed]] at the southern end of the [[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport|Simón Bolívar International Airport]] runway in Guayaquil after attempting to execute an [[emergency landing]]. The plane had suffered a [[Engine failure on take-off|engine failure shortly after taking off]] from Guayaquil on a flight to Quito, and the crew was returning to the airport. However, the second engine failed while overflying the city during the return and, with barely any power left and under the risk of [[Stall (fluid dynamics)|stalling]], Cap. Germán Cruz, crash-landed the plane in a muddy [[puddle]] produced by [[1982–83 El Niño event|recent El Niño]] rain near the end of the runway, with the fuselage breaking in three parts. The accident killed 8 of the 100 people on board. The pilot had previously reported engine issues and had tested the plane the previous day, after which it was it was subjected to [[maintenance]] and was later reported as [[Airworthiness|fit to fly]] shortly before the ill-fated flight.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/|id=19830429-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=October 8, 2009}}</ref><ref>https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina/2023/05/13/san-832-dos-motores-defectuosos-la-amenaza-sobre-guayaquil-y-ocho-muertes-que-pudieron-ser-muchas-mas/ {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref>

⚫
*On October 8, 1982, a [[Vickers Viscount]] (registered HC-ATV) was damaged beyond economic repair at [[Mariscal Lamar International Airport]] in [[Cuenca, Ecuador|Cuenca]].<ref name=ASN081082>{{cite web|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?|id=19821008-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|accessdate=October 8, 2009}}</ref>

*On April 29, 1983, a [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] (registered HC-BAJ) crashed shortly after taking off from [[José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport]] due to a double engine failure. 8 of the 100 people on board were killed in the accident.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?|id=19830429-0|title=Accident description|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|accessdate=October 8, 2009}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 77: Line 117:


*[http://www.aerotransport.org/php/go.php?query=operator&luck=1&where=4507 Fleet list of SAN]
*[http://www.aerotransport.org/php/go.php?query=operator&luck=1&where=4507 Fleet list of SAN]
*[http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=5371 SAN incidents at the Aviation Safety Network]
*[https://asn.flightsafety.org/database/operators/5371 SAN incidents at the Aviation Safety Network]


{{Portalbar|Ecuador|Companies|Aviation}}
{{Portalbar|Ecuador|Companies|Aviation}}
Line 88: Line 128:
[[Category:1964 establishments in Ecuador]]
[[Category:1964 establishments in Ecuador]]
[[Category:1990s disestablishments in Ecuador]]
[[Category:1990s disestablishments in Ecuador]]

{{SouthAm-airline-stub}}
{{Ecuador-transport-stub}}
{{Ecuador-company-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:55, 8 October 2024

SAN
(Servicios Aéreos Nacionales)
IATA ICAO Call sign
WB SAN AEREOS
FoundedJanuary 21, 1964
Ceased operations1999
HubsSimón Bolívar International Airport
AllianceEcuatoriana de Aviación (1970s)
Fleet size3
Destinations8
Parent companySAETA
HeadquartersGuayaquil, Ecuador

SAN (legally Servicios Aéreos Nacionales S.A.) was an airline which was based in Guayaquil, Ecuador that was the domestic branch of the airline SAETA. It was founded in 1964, and ceased operations in 1999.[1]

History

[edit]
A SAN Sud Aviation Caravelle (reg. HC-BAJ) at the Old Mariscal Sucre International Airport in 1975. This aircraft crashed as Flight 832 in Guayaquil, in April 1983.

SAN was founded on January 21, 1964, providing commercial services within Ecuador with two Douglas C-47As. the first routes directly connected Cuenca with Guayaquil in passenger transport operations in 1966, these operations were daily.

In 1970, the company signed an alliance with Ecuatoriana de Aviación. That same year, SAN acquired two Vickers Viscount from All Nippon Airways. Its arrival in Ecuador and entry into service marked a decided modernization of the flight equipment, which allowed the company to continue operating its usual routes and inaugurate direct flights from Cuenca to Quito and for the routes to Guayaquil to be operated with its own teams.

In 1975, three Sud Aviation Caravelle were acquired from TAP Air Portugal, two of them are put into service on the frequencies assigned between the cities of Quito and Guayaquil and one was stored in Cuenca for to serve as a source of spare parts. SAN's intention was to operate with the Caravelles to and from Cuenca, but this was not authorized by the aeronautical authorities of that time.

In 1979, SAN purchased two Sud Caravelles from Luxair, one was used in service and the other for spare parts. In this period, the Cuenca investors who had a majority decided to sell their shares to a Guayaquil businessman. By 1981, two Boeing 727-100s were incorporated, which one maintained its fleet and the other one was sold to TAME.

In the early 1990s, SAN was absorbed by Ecuadorian airline SAETA, increasing its frequencies and fleet for national and international flights. But the next years were of absolute decline until in 1999, when the company definitively ceased operations.

Destinations

[edit]
A SAN Vickers Viscount parked at Coventry Airport in July 1979

Fleet

[edit]

SAN had operated the following aircraft:[2]

SAN fleet
Aircraft Total Introduced Retired Notes
Boeing 727-100 2 1981 1998
Boeing 727-200 1 1997 1999 Operated by SAETA
Douglas C-47A Skytrain 2 1964 1976
Sud Aviation Caravelle 5 1975 1986
Vickers Viscount 700D 4 1969 1982
Vickers Viscount 800 2 1970 1982

Accidents and incidents

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "SAN at Airline Industry Update". Archived from the original on September 27, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-18.
  2. ^ "Fleet list of SAN". Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  3. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 19770904-0. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  4. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 19771229-0. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  5. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 19821008-0. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  6. ^ "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. 19830429-0. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  7. ^ https://www.infobae.com/america/america-latina/2023/05/13/san-832-dos-motores-defectuosos-la-amenaza-sobre-guayaquil-y-ocho-muertes-que-pudieron-ser-muchas-mas/ [bare URL]
[edit]
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