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Coordinates: 24°19′48″N 88°17′35″E / 24.330°N 88.293°E / 24.330; 88.293
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| nickname =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Community development block
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_skyline = File:Bhagawangola-I in Murshidabad.svg
| image_alt =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_alt =
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| founder =
| founder =
| named_for =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| government_type = [[Federalism in India|Federal democracy]]
| governing_body =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| unit_pref = Metric
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| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| demographics_type2 = Literacy (2011)
| demographics_type2 = Literacy
| demographics2_title2 = Total literates
| demographics2_title2 = Literacy (2011)
| demographics2_info2 = 115.632 (57.22%)
| demographics2_info2 = 57.22%
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 742135 (Bhagawangola)<br/>742178 (Mahisasthali)<br/>742179 (Habaspur)
| postal_code = 742135 (Bhagawangola)<br/>742135 (Mahisasthali)<br/>742179 (Habaspur)
| area_code_type = Telephone/STD code
| area_code_type = Telephone/[[Subscriber trunk dialling|STD]] code
| area_code = 03482
| area_code = 03482
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-57, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-58
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-57, [[List of RTO districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-58
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| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-WB]]
| footnotes =
| footnotes =

}}
}}
'''Bhagawangola I''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in [[Lalbag subdivision]] of [[Murshidabad district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].
'''Bhagawangola I''' is a [[Community development block in India|community development block]] that forms an administrative division in the [[Lalbag subdivision]] of [[Murshidabad district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
⚫
Bhagawangola I CD Block lies in the Jalangi-Bhagirathi [[Interfluve]] physiographic region in Murshidabad district. The [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi River]] splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. The [[Padma River]] separates Murshidabad district from [[Malda district]] and [[Chapai Nawabganj District|Chapai Nawabganj]] and [[Rajshahi District|Rajshahi]] districts of Bangladesh in the north. It is a low-lying area having [[Alluvium|alluvial]] soil pattern.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Physiography, Page 13 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 24 July 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 | title= Murshidabad | work= Geography | publisher= Murshidabad district authorities| accessdate = 24 July 2017}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==
Bhagawangola is located at {{coord|24.330|N|88.293|E|}}
Bhagawangola is located at {{coord|24.330|N|88.293|E|}}


Bhagawangola I CD Block is bounded by [[Lalgola (community development block)|Lalgola]] CD Block and [[Godagari Upazila]] in [[Rajshahi District]] of Bangladesh, across the [[Padma River|Padma]], in the north, [[Bhagawangola II]] and [[Raninagar I]] CD Blocks in the east, [[Murshidabad-Jiaganj]] and [[Berhampore (community development block)|Berhampore]] CD Blocks in the south and [[Nabagram (community development block)|Nabagram]] CD Block in the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/murshidabad.html |title = Tehsil Map of Murshidabad |work = CD Block/ Tehsil | publisher= Maps of India | accessdate = 6 August 2017}}</ref>
Bhagawangola I CD block is bounded by [[Lalgola (community development block)|Lalgola]] CD block and [[Godagari Upazila]] in [[Rajshahi District]] of Bangladesh, across the [[Padma River|Padma]], in the north, [[Bhagawangola II]] and [[Raninagar I]] CD blocks in the east, [[Murshidabad-Jiaganj]] and [[Berhampore (community development block)|Berhampore]] CD blocks in the south and [[Nabagram (community development block)|Nabagram]] CD block in the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/westbengal/tehsil/murshidabad.html |title = Tehsil Map of Murshidabad |work = CD Block/ Tehsil | publisher= Maps of India | access-date = 6 August 2017}}</ref>

⚫
Bhagawangola I CD block lies in the Jalangi-Bhagirathi [[Interfluve]] physiographic region in Murshidabad district. The [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi River]] splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. The [[Padma River]] separates Murshidabad district from [[Malda district]] and [[Chapai Nawabganj District|Chapai Nawabganj]] and [[Rajshahi District|Rajshahi]] districts of Bangladesh in the north. It is a low-lying area having [[Alluvium|alluvial]] soil pattern.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Physiography, Page 13 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 | title= Murshidabad | work= Geography | publisher= Murshidabad district authorities| access-date = 24 July 2017}}</ref>


Murshidabad district has a 125.35&nbsp;km long international border with Bangladesh of which 42.35&nbsp;km is on land and the remaining is riverine. There are 9 blocks – Samserganj, Suti I, Suti II, Raghunathganj II, Lalgola, Bhagawangola I, Bhagawangola II, Raninagar II and Jalangi - along the [[Bangladesh-India border]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabad.nic.in/About.aspx | title = Egiye Bangla Murshidabad | publisher = Murshidabad district authorities | accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref>
Murshidabad district has a 125.35&nbsp;km long international border with Bangladesh of which 42.35&nbsp;km is on land and the remaining is riverine. There are 9 blocks – Samserganj, Suti I, Suti II, Raghunathganj II, Lalgola, Bhagawangola I, Bhagawangola II, Raninagar II and Jalangi - along the [[Bangladesh-India border]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabad.nic.in/About.aspx | title = Egiye Bangla Murshidabad | publisher = Murshidabad district authorities | access-date = 25 July 2017}}</ref>


The Bagri or the eastern part of the district is a low lying [[Alluvium|alluvial]] plain with the shape of an [[isosceles triangle]]. The Ganges/Padma and the Bhagirathi form the two equal sides; the [[Jalangi River|Jalangi]] forms the entire base; other offshoots of the Ganges meander within the area. It is liable to be flooded by the spill of the Bhagirathi and other rivers. The main rivers of this region are Bhairab, Jalangi, Chhoto Bhairab, Sialmari and Gobra Nala. All these rivers are distributaries of the main branch of the Ganges. The rivers are in their decaying stages.<ref name=river>{{cite web | url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal | work = Swati Mollah | publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 | accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
The Bagri or the eastern part of the district is a low lying [[Alluvium|alluvial]] plain with the shape of an [[isosceles triangle]]. The Ganges/Padma and the Bhagirathi form the two equal sides; the [[Jalangi River|Jalangi]] forms the entire base; other offshoots of the Ganges meander within the area. It is liable to flooding by the Bhagirathi and other rivers. The main rivers of this region are Bhairab, Jalangi, Chhoto Bhairab, Sialmari and Gobra Nala. All these rivers are distributaries of the main branch of the Ganges. The rivers are in their decaying stages.<ref name=river>{{cite web | url = http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | title = Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal | work = Swati Mollah | publisher = Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013 | access-date = 15 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170820073737/http://gangawaterway.in/assets/7-murshidabad.pdf | archive-date = 20 August 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>


A major problem in Murshidabad district is [[River bank failure|river bank erosion]]. As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the Ganges alone in Murshidabad district. Between 1931 and 1977, 26,769 hectares have been eroded and many villages have been fully submerged. 1980-1990 was a decade of erosion for this district and during the decade Giria, Sekhalipur, Khejustala, Mithipur, Fajilpur, Rajapur, Akheriganj, Parashpur villages were badly affected. Many families living along the Ganges continue to be affected. As for example, in 2008, 1,245 families were affected in Lalgola, Bhagawangola I and Bhagawangola II CD Blocks.<ref name=river/>
A major problem in Murshidabad district is [[River bank failure|river bank erosion]]. As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the Ganges alone in Murshidabad district. Between 1931 and 1977, 26,769 hectares have been eroded and many villages have been fully submerged. 1980-1990 was a decade of erosion for this district and during the decade Giria, Sekhalipur, Khejustala, Mithipur, Fajilpur, Rajapur, Akheriganj, Parashpur villages were badly affected. Many families living along the Ganges continue to be affected. As for example, in 2008, 1,245 families were affected in Lalgola, Bhagawangola I and Bhagawangola II CD Blocks.<ref name=river/>
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See also - [[River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts]]
See also - [[River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts]]


Bhagawangola I CD Block has an area of 136.10&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 8 [[gram panchayat]]s, 127 gram sansads (village councils), 59 [[mouza]]s and 54 inhabited villages. [[Bhagawangola#Police station|Bhagawangola]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad, Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 21 November 2018}}</ref>Headquarters of this CD Block is at Bhagawangola.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Map of Murshidabad with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 24 July 2017 }}</ref>
Bhagawangola I CD Block has an area of 136.10&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>. It has 1 [[Panchayat Samiti (Block)|panchayat samity]], 8 [[gram panchayat]]s, 127 gram sansads (village councils), 59 [[mouza]]s and 54 inhabited villages. [[Bhagawangola#Police station|Bhagawangola]] police station serves this block.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad, Tables 2.1, 2.2 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 21 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead}}</ref> The headquarters of this CD Block is at Bhagawangola.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Map of Murshidabad with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017 }}</ref>


[[Gram panchayat]]s in Bhagawangola I block/ panchayat samiti are:
[[Gram panchayat]]s in Bhagawangola I block/ panchayat samiti are:
Bhagawangola, Habaspur, Hanumanta Nagar, Kantanagar, Kuthirampur, Mahammadpur, Mahisasthali and Sundarpur.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Murshidabad - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
Bhagawangola, Habaspur, Hanumanta Nagar, Kantanagar, Kuthirampur, Mahammadpur, Mahisasthali and Sundarpur.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbprd.gov.in/HtmlPage/PANCHAYATS.aspx |title = Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal |work = Murshidabad - Revised in March 2008 | publisher= Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 15 August 2017}}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==


===Population===
===Population===
As per [[2011 Census of India]] Bhagawangola I CD Block had a total population of 202,071, all of which were rural. There were 103,419 (51%) males and 98,652 (49%) females. Population below 6 years numbered 28,933. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 14,557 (7.20%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 227 (0.14%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 14 October 2015}}</ref>
According to the [[2011 Census of India]], Bhagawangola I CD block had a total population of 202,071, all of which were rural. There were 103,419 (51%) males and 98,652 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years numbered 28,933. [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]] numbered 14,557 (7.20%) and [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Tribes]] numbered 227 (0.14%).<ref name=census2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/cdb_pca_census/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA) | work= West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks|publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 14 October 2015}}</ref>


As per 2001 census, Bhagawangola I block has a total population of 163,438, out of which 84,035 were males and 79,403 were females. Bhagawangola I block registered a population growth of 23.90 per cent during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 23.70 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url= http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_7.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |accessdate= 8 June 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 – Mushidabad district |publisher=Census Commission of India |deadurl=yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205646/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_7.htm |archivedate=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref name="Census Commission of India">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |accessdate=2012-04-12 |last= |first= |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archivedate=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>
As per 2001 census, Bhagawangola I block has a total population of 163,438, out of which 84,035 were males and 79,403 were females. Bhagawangola I block registered a population growth of 23.90% during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 23.70 per cent.<ref name=census>{{cite web|url= http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_7.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date= 8 June 2016 |work=Census of India 2001 – Mushidabad district |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110928205646/http://web.cmc.net.in/wbcensus/DataTables/02/Table4_7.htm |archive-date=September 28, 2011 }}</ref> Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.<ref name="Census Commission of India">{{cite web|url=http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |title=Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4 |access-date=2012-04-12 |work=Census of India 2001 |publisher=Census Commission of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041813/http://www.wbcensus.gov.in/DataTables/02/Table4_1.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

⚫
The decadal growth of population in Bhagawangola I CD Block in 2001-2011 was 23.62%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 24 July 2017 }}</ref>

⚫
The decadal growth rate of population in Murshidabad district was as follows: 33.5% in 1951-61, 28.6% in 1961-71, 25.5% in 1971-81, 28.2% in 1981-91, 23.8% in 1991-2001 and 21.1% in 2001-11.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Growth Rate, Page 44 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011| accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref> The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%.<ref name="Decadal Growth Rate">{{cite web | url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/census2011/decadal-growth-rate.html | title = Decadal Growth Rate | publisher = Mps of India | accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref>

⚫
There are reports of [[Illegal immigration to India|Bangladeshi infiltrators]] entering Murshidabad district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dailypioneer.com/columnists/oped/bangladeshi-infiltration-the-reality-check.html|title = Bangladeshi Infiltration: The Reality Check |publisher= The Pioneer, 27 June 2015 | accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name=telegraph>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1050823/asp/nation/story_5136259.asp |title = Report taking shape amid infiltration buzz |publisher= The Telegraph, 23 August 2005 | accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref>


'''Decadal [[Population growth|Population Growth]] Rate (%)'''
'''Decadal [[Population growth|Population Growth]] Rate (%)'''
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| colors = olive : yellow : violet
| colors = olive : yellow : violet
| group names = Bhagawagola I CD Block : Murshidabad district : West Bengal
| group names = Bhagawagola I CD block : Murshidabad district : West Bengal
| x legends = 1971-1981 : 1981-1991: 1991-2001: 2001-2011
| x legends = 1971-1981 : 1981-1991: 1991-2001: 2001-2011
}}
}}


Sources:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Growth Rate, Page 44 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011| accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page 50 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 24 July 2017 }}</ref><ref name="Decadal Growth Rate"/><ref name="Census Commission of India"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.voiceofdharma.org/books/tfst/appii1.htm | title = Population explosion in West Bengal: a survey | work = Table 1.1 Population in West Bengal 1941-1991 | publisher = South Asian Research Society | accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbdma.gov.in/PDF/census2001/Population_Decadal_Growth_Rate_Density_and_General_Sex.pdf | title = Final Population Totals West Bengal | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India | accessdate = 15 August 2017}}</ref>
Sources:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Growth Rate, Page 44 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011| access-date = 25 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page 50 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017 }}</ref><ref name="Decadal Growth Rate"/><ref name="Census Commission of India"/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.voiceofdharma.org/books/tfst/appii1.htm | title = Population explosion in West Bengal: a survey | work = Table 1.1 Population in West Bengal 1941-1991 | publisher = South Asian Research Society | access-date = 15 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170808081840/http://voiceofdharma.org/books/tfst/appii1.htm | archive-date = 8 August 2017 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbdma.gov.in/PDF/census2001/Population_Decadal_Growth_Rate_Density_and_General_Sex.pdf | title = Final Population Totals West Bengal | work = Census of India 2001 | publisher = Census Commission of India | access-date = 15 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170902053520/http://www.wbdma.gov.in/PDF/census2001/Population_Decadal_Growth_Rate_Density_and_General_Sex.pdf | archive-date = 2 September 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

⚫
The decadal growth of population in Bhagawangola I CD block in 2001-2011 was 23.62%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | access-date = 24 July 2017 }}</ref>

⚫
The decadal growth rate of population in Murshidabad district was as follows: 33.5% in 1951-61, 28.6% in 1961-71, 25.5% in 1971-81, 28.2% in 1981-91, 23.8% in 1991-2001 and 21.1% in 2001-11.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Growth Rate, Page 44 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011| access-date = 25 July 2017}}</ref> The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%.<ref name="Decadal Growth Rate">{{cite web | url = http://www.mapsofindia.com/census2011/decadal-growth-rate.html | title = Decadal Growth Rate | publisher = Mps of India | access-date = 25 July 2017}}</ref>

The decadal growth rate of population in neighbouring [[Rajshahi District]], across the Ganges, in Bangladesh, was 13.48% for the decade 2001-2011, down from 21.19% in the decade 1991-2001.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila_Rajshahi.pdf |title = Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011: Zila Report – Rajshahi | work= Page 17: Table PT 02 Population and Growth Rate, 1974-2011|publisher= Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Ministry of Planning, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh | access-date = 19 December 2018 }}</ref>

⚫
There are reports of [[Illegal immigration to India|Bangladeshi infiltrators]] entering Murshidabad district.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dailypioneer.com/columnists/oped/bangladeshi-infiltration-the-reality-check.html|title = Bangladeshi Infiltration: The Reality Check |publisher= The Pioneer, 27 June 2015 | access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name=telegraph>{{cite web| url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1050823/asp/nation/story_5136259.asp | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20051205225003/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050823/asp/nation/story_5136259.asp | url-status = dead | archive-date = December 5, 2005 |title = Report taking shape amid infiltration buzz |publisher= The Telegraph, 23 August 2005 | access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref>


===Villages===
===Villages===
Large villages in Bhagawangola I CD Block were (2011 population figures in brackets): Dakshin Hanumanta Nagar (19,813), Kantanagar (15,587), Mahishasthali (17,785), Belia Syampur (11,847), Upar Orahar (4,568), Sundarpur (4,546), Paschim Rampur (4,099), Digha (6,171), Telia (8,259), Bhundar Kismat (5,800), Kochgiria (4,606), Habaspur (17,148) and Kasba Bahadurpur (7,470).<ref name=census2011/>
Large villages in Bhagawangola I CD block were (2011 population figures in brackets): Dakshin Hanumanta Nagar (19,813), Kantanagar (15,587), Mahishasthali (17,785), Belia Syampur (11,847), Upar Orahar (4,568), Sundarpur (4,546), Paschim Rampur (4,099), Digha (6,171), Telia (8,259), Bhundar Kismat (5,800), Kochgiria (4,606), Habaspur (17,148) and Kasba Bahadurpur (7,470).<ref name=census2011/>


===Literacy===
===Literacy===
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literates in Bhagawangola I CD Block was 115,632 (66.79% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 59,970 (67.64% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 55,662 (65.89% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 1.74%.<ref name=census2011/>
As per the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Bhagawangola I CD block was 115,632 (66.79% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 59,970 (67.64% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 55,662 (65.89% of the female population over 6 years). The [[Literacy#Gender disparities|gender disparity]] (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 1.74%.<ref name=census2011/>


See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]
See also – [[List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate]]
Line 118: Line 118:


===Language and religion===
===Language and religion===
In the 2001 census, Bengali was mother tongue of 98.3% of the population in Murshidabad district, followed by Santhali 0.8%, Hindi 0.4%, Telugu 0.2% and Urdu 0.1%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A | work= Mother-tongue, page 48 |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 24 July 2017 }}</ref>


{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religion in Bhagawangola I CD Block
|title=Religion in Bhagawangola I CD block (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#ddd
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=
|left1=
|float=right
|float=right
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|Green|85.67}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|85.67}}
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|Orange|14.19}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|14.19}}
{{bar percent|Others|Yellow|0.14}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.14}}
}}
}}
In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 173,117 and formed 85.67% of the population in Bhagawangola I CD Block. Hindus numbered 28,672 and formed 14.19% of the population. Others numbered 282 and formed 0.14% of the population. In Bhagawangola I and Bhagabangola II CD Blocks taken to-gether, while the proportion of Muslims increased from 82.02% in 1991 to 85.02% in 2001, the proportion of Hindus declined from 17.98% in 1991 to 14.80% in 2001.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 20 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Table 17.1, Population by religion in the blocks of Murshidabad | publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref>
In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 173,117 and formed 85.67% of the population in Bhagawangola I CD block. Hindus numbered 28,672 and formed 14.19% of the population. Others numbered 282 and formed 0.14% of the population.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> In Bhagawangola I and Bhagabangola II CD blocks taken together, while the proportion of Muslims increased from 82.02% in 1991 to 85.02% in 2001, the proportion of Hindus declined from 17.98% in 1991 to 14.80% in 2001.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Table 17.1, Population by religion in the blocks of Murshidabad | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 21 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead}}</ref>


Murshidabad district, one of the three Muslim majority districts of West Bengal, had 4,707,573 Muslims who formed 66.27% of the population, 2,359,061 Hindus who formed 33.21% of the population, and 37, 173 persons belonging to other religions who formed 0.52% of the population, in the 2011 census. While the proportion of Muslim population in the district increased from 61.40% in 1991 to 63.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindu population declined from 38.39% in 1991 to 35.92% in 2001.<ref name=censusreligion2011/><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/site.php |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Table 2.10, Population by religion in the district of Murshidabad, 1991 and 2001 | publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bengal-beats-India-in-Muslim-growth-rate/articleshow/48675987.cms |title = Bengal beats India in Muslim growth rate|publisher= The Times of India, 26 August 2015 | accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref>
Murshidabad district had 4,707,573 Muslims who formed 66.27% of the population, 2,359,061 Hindus who formed 33.21% of the population, and 37, 173 persons belonging to other religions who formed 0.52% of the population, in the 2011 census. While the proportion of Muslim population in the district increased from 61.40% in 1991 to 63.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindu population declined from 38.39% in 1991 to 35.92% in 2001.<ref name=censusreligion2011>{{cite web| url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html |title = C1 Population by Religious Community | work= West Bengal |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 20 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Table 2.10, Population by religion in the district of Murshidabad, 1991 and 2001 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 21 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 2019-01-21 | url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bengal-beats-India-in-Muslim-growth-rate/articleshow/48675987.cms |title = Bengal beats India in Muslim growth rate|publisher= The Times of India, 26 August 2015 | access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref>


Murshidabad was the only Muslim majority district in West Bengal at the time of [[partition of India]] in 1947. The proportion of Muslims in the population of Murshidabad district in 1951 was 55.24%.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.hindupost.in/politics/the-rise-and-rise-of-muslims-in-west-bengal/|title = The rise and rise of Muslims in West Bengal |work=Dinajpur-Maldah-Murshidabad-Birbhum region| publisher= Hindu Post| accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref><ref name=telegraph/> The [[Radcliffe Line]] had placed Muslim majority Murshidabad in India and the Hindu majority [[Khulna District|Khulna]] in Pakistan, in order to maintain the integrity of the Ganges river system In India.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=FjQ0iWSq2R0C&pg=PA45&dq=murshidabad+khulna&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjAmqyGsebSAhWDi5QKHbxDCBYQ6AEIGTAA#v=onepage&q=murshidabad%20khulna&f=false|title=The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967|last=Chatterji|first=Joya|work=pages 42-60|publisher= University of Cambridge, first published 2007|ISBN= 978-0-521-87536-3|accessdate = 23 July 2017}}</ref>
Murshidabad was the only Muslim majority district in West Bengal at the time of [[partition of India]] in 1947. The proportion of Muslims in the population of Murshidabad district in 1951 was 55.24%.<ref name=telegraph/> The [[Radcliffe Line]] had placed Muslim majority Murshidabad in India and the Hindu majority [[Khulna District|Khulna]] in Pakistan, in order to maintain the integrity of the Ganges river system In India.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjQ0iWSq2R0C&q=murshidabad+khulna&pg=PA45|title=The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967|last=Chatterji|first=Joya|work=pages 42-60|date=15 November 2007|publisher= University of Cambridge, first published 2007|isbn= 978-0-521-87536-3|access-date = 23 July 2017}}</ref>


[[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 99.62% of the population.<ref name="languages">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
==Rural poverty==
==Rural poverty==
As per the Human Development Report 2004 for West Bengal, the [[rural poverty]] ratio in Murshidabad district was 46.12%. Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts had higher rural poverty ratios. These estimates were based on Central Sample data of NSS 55th round 1999-2000.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| title = West Bengal Human Development Report 2004| work = Page 80: Table 4.5 Per capita consumption in rural and urban areas by district| publisher = Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal| access-date = 20 November 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120501201321/http://planningcommission.gov.in/plans/stateplan/sdr_pdf/shdr_wb04.pdf| archive-date = 1 May 2012| url-status = dead}}</ref>
According to [[India Today]], writing about life in a Murshidabad village, : “[[Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation|National Sample Survey]] (NSS) data for 2009 accords the district the ignominious distinction of being India’s poorest, with an unbelievable 56% of its population living below the ridiculously low Rs. 27 per capita per day [[Poverty threshold|poverty line]] recently proclaimed by the [[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]].”<ref>{{cite web | url = http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/murshidabad-india-poverty-in-india/1/297697.html | title = A day in the Life of India’s Poorest | work = Asit Jolly | publisher = India Today, 2 August 2013 | accessdate = 25 July 2017}}</ref>


==Economy==
==Economy==
===Livelihood===
===Livelihood===
In Bhagawangola I CD Block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 8,376 and formed 13.05%, agricultural labourers numbered 25,986 and formed 40.49%, household industry workers numbered 2,837 and formed 4.42% and other workers numbered 26,980 and formed 42.04%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web| url = http://www.dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad |work = Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use| publisher= Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>
In Bhagawangola I CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 8,376 and formed 13.05%, agricultural labourers numbered 25,986 and formed 40.49%, household industry workers numbered 2,837 and formed 4.42% and other workers numbered 26,980 and formed 42.04%.<ref name=handbook2014>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad | work = Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 21 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | url-status = dead}}</ref>


===Infrastructure===
===Infrastructure===
There are 54 inhabited villages in Bhagawangola I CD Block. 100% villages have power supply. 53 villages (98.15%) have drinking water supply. 13 villages (24.07%) have post offices. 53 villages (98.15%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (61.11%) have a pucca approach road and 22 villages (40.74%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 4 villages (7.41%) have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages (11.11%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 96-97 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities,2011 | publisher = Directorate of Operations, West Bengal. | accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>
There are 54 inhabited villages in Bhagawangola I CD block. 100% villages have power supply. 53 villages (98.15%) have drinking water supply. 13 villages (24.07%) have post offices. 53 villages (98.15%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (61.11%) have a pucca approach road and 22 villages (40.74%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 4 villages (7.41%) have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages (11.11%) have banks.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 96-97 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 4 August 2017}}</ref>


===Agriculture===
===Agriculture===
{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture<br/>in Bhagawangola I CD Block'''
|caption= '''Persons engaged in agriculture<br/>in Bhagawangola I CD block'''
|value1 = 2.93
|value1 = 2.93
|label1 = Bargadars
|label1 = Bargadars
Line 160: Line 160:
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}
|label5= Agricultural labourers}}


From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title=District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work= (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33|publisher= Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | accessdate = 7 August 2016}}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Bhagawangola I CD Block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 1,312 (2.93%), patta (document) holders 3,356 (7.49%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2,306 (5.14%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 11,866 (26.47%) and agricultural labourers 25,986 (57.97%).<ref name=handbook2014/>
From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 7 August 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Following [[Land reform in India|land reforms]] land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Bhagawangola I CD block could be classified as follows: [[bargadar]]s 1,312 (2.93%), patta (document) holders 3,356 (7.49%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2,306 (5.14%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 11,866 (26.47%) and agricultural labourers 25,986 (57.97%).<ref name=handbook2014/>


Bhagawangola I CD Block had 130 fertiliser depots, 4 seed stores and 37 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in 2013-14.<ref name=handbook2014/>
Bhagawangola I CD Bblock had 130 fertiliser depots, 4 seed stores and 37 [[Public distribution system|fair price shops]] in 2013-14.<ref name=handbook2014/>


In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD Block produced 2,002 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 932 hectares, 2,654 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 789 hectares, 143 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 66 hectares, 902 tonnes of wheat from 421 hectares, 209 tonnes of maize from 81 hectares, 95,908 tonnes of jute from 6,101 hectares and 8,940 tonnes of potatoes from 298 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block produced 2,002 tonnes of [[Rice#Ecotypes and cultivars|Aman paddy]], the main winter crop from 932 hectares, 2,654 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 789 hectares, 143 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 66 hectares, 902 tonnes of wheat from 421 hectares, 209 tonnes of maize from 81 hectares, 95,908 tonnes of jute from 6,101 hectares and 8,940 tonnes of potatoes from 298 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Bhagawangola I CD Block was 3,231 hectares, out of which 123 hectares were irrigated with river lift irrigation, 660 hectares by deep tube well, 48 hectares by shallow tube well and 2,400 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Bhagawangola I CD block was 3,231 hectares, out of which 123 hectares were irrigated with river lift irrigation, 660 hectares by deep tube well, 48 hectares by shallow tube well and 2,400 hectares by other means.<ref name=handbook2014/>


===Silk and handicrafts===
===Silk and handicrafts===
Murshidabad is famous for its silk industry since the Middle Ages. There are three distinct categories in this industry, namely (i) [[Mulberry]] cultivation and silkworm rearing (ii) Peeling of raw silk (iii) Weaving of silk fabrics.<ref name=handicrafts>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 22-23: Industry | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>
Murshidabad is famous for its silk industry since the Middle Ages. There are three distinct categories in this industry, namely (i) [[Mulberry]] cultivation and silkworm rearing (ii) Peeling of raw silk (iii) Weaving of silk fabrics.<ref name=handicrafts>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 22-23: Industry | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 4 August 2017}}</ref>


Ivory carving is an important cottage industry from the era of the Nawabs. The main areas where this industry has flourished are Khagra and Jiaganj. 99% of ivory craft production is exported. In more recent years sandalwood etching has become more popular than ivory carving. Bell metal and Brass utensils are manufactured in large quantities at Khagra, Berhampore, Kandi and Jangipur. [[Beedi]] making has flourished in the Jangipur subdivision.<ref name=handicrafts/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#4 | title = Egiye Bangla Murshidabad district | work = Handicrafts and Silk Industry | publisher = Murshidabad district administration | accessdate = 17 August 2017}}</ref>
Ivory carving is an important cottage industry from the era of the Nawabs. The main areas where this industry has flourished are Khagra and Jiaganj. 99% of ivory craft production is exported. In more recent years sandalwood etching has become more popular than ivory carving. Bell metal and Brass utensils are manufactured in large quantities at Khagra, Berhampore, Kandi and Jangipur. [[Beedi]] making has flourished in the Jangipur subdivision.<ref name=handicrafts/><ref>{{cite web | url = http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#4 | title = Egiye Bangla Murshidabad district | work = Handicrafts and Silk Industry | publisher = Murshidabad district administration | access-date = 17 August 2017}}</ref>


===Banking===
===Banking===
In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD Block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 [[Regional Rural Bank|gramin banks]].<ref name=handbook2014/>

===Backward Regions Grant Fund===
Murshidabad district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the [[Backward Regions Grant Fund]]. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | title = Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines | publisher = Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India | access-date = 3 November 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030225317/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/documents/10198/0/BRGFFINALGUIDELINES.pdf | archive-date = 30 October 2017 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=84879 | title= Backward Regions Grant Fund| work= Press Release, 14 June 2012 |publisher= Press Information Bureau, Government of India | access-date = 26 November 2018}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
⚫
Bhagawangola I CD block has 7 ferry services and 2 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>
{{Lalgola and Gede branch lines|collapse=y}}


[[Bhagwangola railway station]] and [[Subarnamrigi railway station]] are on the [[Lalgola and Gede branch lines|Ranaghat-Lalgola branch line]] which was opened in 1905.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/murshidabad.html |title = Murshidabad District (1914) |last= L.S.S.O’Malley | publisher= [[IRFCA]]| access-date = 24 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/lalgola-sealdah-memu-63104/21749/1171/1164#st | title = 6314 Lalgola-Sealdah Memu | work= Tie Table | publisher = Indiarailinfo |access-date = 21 September 2017}}</ref>
⚫
Bhagawangola I CD Block has 7 ferry services and 2 originating/ terminating bus routes.<ref name=handbook2014/>


The [[Lalgola and Gede branch lines|Ranaghat-Lalgola branch line]] was opened in 1905. It passes through this CD Block and there is a station at Bhagawangola.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/murshidabad.html |title = Murshidabad District (1914) |last= L.S.S.O’Malley |first= | publisher= [[IRFCA]]| accessdate = 24 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/lalgola-sealdah-memu-63104/21749/1171/1164#st | title = 6314 Lalgola-Sealdah Memu | work= Tie Table | publisher = Indiarailinfo |accessdate = 21 September 2017}}</ref>
[[State Highway 11A (West Bengal)|State Highway 11A]], running from Raghunathganj to Bhagawangola passes through this CD block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | access-date = 4 August 2017}}</ref>

[[State Highway 11A (West Bengal)|SH 11A]], running from Raghunathganj to Bhagawangola passes through this CD Block.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.wbtrafficpolice.com/state-highways.php |title = List of State Highways in West Bengal | publisher= West Bengal Traffic Police | accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD Block had 82 primary schools with 10,279 students, 13 middle schools with 2,067 students, 2 high schools with 2,997 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 18,493 students. Bhagawangola I CD Block had 366 institutions for special and non-formal education with 17,423 students.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block had 82 primary schools with 10,279 students, 13 middle schools with 2,067 students, 2 high schools with 2,997 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 18,493 students. Bhagawangola I CD block had 366 institutions for special and non-formal education with 17,423 students.<ref name=handbook2014/>


In Bhagawangola I CD Block, amongst the 54 inhabited villages, 5 villages did not have a school, 28 villages have more than 1 primary school, 23 villages have at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 12 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 901-902, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>
In Bhagawangola I CD block, amongst the 54 inhabited villages, 5 villages did not have a school, 28 villages have more than 1 primary school, 23 villages have at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 12 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work = Pages 901-902, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools, 2011 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. | access-date = 4 August 2017}}</ref>


==Healthcare==
==Healthcare==
In 2014, Bhagawangola I CD Block had 1 block primary health centre, 2 [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] and 4 private nursing homes with total 42 beds and 7 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 25 family welfare subcentres. 905 patients were treated indoor and 171,829 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD Block.<ref name=handbook2014/>
In 2014, Bhagawangola I CD block had 1 block primary health centre, 2 [[Primary Health Centre (India)|primary health centres]] and 4 private nursing homes with total 42 beds and 7 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 25 family welfare subcentres. 905 patients were treated indoor and 171,829 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.<ref name=handbook2014/>


Bhagawangola I CD Block has Kanapukur Rural Hospital at [[Kismattatla]] (with 15 beds), Oper-Orahar [[Primary Health Centre (India)|Primary Health Centre]] at Sundarpur (with 2 beds) and Habaspur PHC (with 10 beds).<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work= Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 19 September 2017}}</ref>
Bhagawangola I CD block has Kanapukur Rural Hospital at [[Kismattatla]] (with 15 beds), Oper-Orahar [[Primary Health Centre (India)|Primary Health Centre]] at Sundarpur (with 2 beds) and Habaspur PHC (with 10 beds).<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 19 September 2017 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>


Bhagwangola I CD Block is one of the areas of Murshidabad district where ground water is affected by a high level of [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic contamination]]. The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10&nbsp;mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50&nbsp;mg/ litre. All but one of the 26 blocks of Murshidabad district have arsenic contamination above the WHO level, all but two of the blocks have arsenic concentration above the Indian Standard value and 17 blocks have arsenic concentration above 300&nbsp;mg/litre. The maximum concentration in Bhagawangola I CD Block is 1,285&nbsp;mg/litre.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb1.htm | title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study )| publisher = SOES | work = Murshidabad| accessdate = 4 August 2017}}</ref>
Bhagwangola I CD block is one of the areas of Murshidabad district where ground water is affected by a high level of [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic contamination]]. The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10&nbsp;mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50&nbsp;mg/ litre. All but one of the 26 blocks of Murshidabad district have arsenic contamination above the WHO level, all but two of the blocks have arsenic concentration above the Indian Standard value and 17 blocks have arsenic concentration above 300&nbsp;mg/litre. The maximum concentration in Bhagawangola I CD block is 1,285&nbsp;mg/litre.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb1.htm| title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study )| publisher = SOES| work = Murshidabad| access-date = 4 August 2017| archive-date = 22 July 2011| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110722092741/http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb1.htm| url-status = dead}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 201: Line 202:


{{Murshidabad topics}}
{{Murshidabad topics}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage-inline|Murshidabad}}


[[Category:Community development blocks in Murshidabad district]]
[[Category:Community development blocks in Murshidabad district]]

Latest revision as of 07:49, 30 October 2024

Bhagawangola I
Bhagabangola I
Community development block
Map
Coordinates: 24°19′48″N 88°17′35″E / 24.330°N 88.293°E / 24.330; 88.293
Country India
StateWest Bengal
DistrictMurshidabad
Government
 • TypeFederal democracy
Area
 • Total
152.68 km2 (58.95 sq mi)
Elevation
24 m (79 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
202,071
 • Density1,300/km2 (3,400/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialBengali, English
Literacy
 • Literacy (2011)57.22%
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
742135 (Bhagawangola)
742135 (Mahisasthali)
742179 (Habaspur)
Telephone/STD code03482
ISO 3166 codeIN-WB
Vehicle registrationWB-57, WB-58
Lok Sabha constituencyMurshidabad
Vidhan Sabha constituencyBhagabangola, Lalgola
Websitemurshidabad.gov.in

Bhagawangola I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Lalbag subdivision of Murshidabad district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Geography

[edit]

Bhagawangola is located at 24°19′48″N 88°17′35″E / 24.330°N 88.293°E / 24.330; 88.293

Bhagawangola I CD block is bounded by Lalgola CD block and Godagari Upazila in Rajshahi District of Bangladesh, across the Padma, in the north, Bhagawangola II and Raninagar I CD blocks in the east, Murshidabad-Jiaganj and Berhampore CD blocks in the south and Nabagram CD block in the west.[1]

Bhagawangola I CD block lies in the Jalangi-Bhagirathi Interfluve physiographic region in Murshidabad district. The Bhagirathi River splits the district into two natural physiographic regions – Rarh on the west and Bagri on the east. The Padma River separates Murshidabad district from Malda district and Chapai Nawabganj and Rajshahi districts of Bangladesh in the north. It is a low-lying area having alluvial soil pattern.[2][3]

Murshidabad district has a 125.35 km long international border with Bangladesh of which 42.35 km is on land and the remaining is riverine. There are 9 blocks – Samserganj, Suti I, Suti II, Raghunathganj II, Lalgola, Bhagawangola I, Bhagawangola II, Raninagar II and Jalangi - along the Bangladesh-India border.[4]

The Bagri or the eastern part of the district is a low lying alluvial plain with the shape of an isosceles triangle. The Ganges/Padma and the Bhagirathi form the two equal sides; the Jalangi forms the entire base; other offshoots of the Ganges meander within the area. It is liable to flooding by the Bhagirathi and other rivers. The main rivers of this region are Bhairab, Jalangi, Chhoto Bhairab, Sialmari and Gobra Nala. All these rivers are distributaries of the main branch of the Ganges. The rivers are in their decaying stages.[5]

A major problem in Murshidabad district is river bank erosion. As of 2013, an estimated 2.4 million people reside along the banks of the Ganges alone in Murshidabad district. Between 1931 and 1977, 26,769 hectares have been eroded and many villages have been fully submerged. 1980-1990 was a decade of erosion for this district and during the decade Giria, Sekhalipur, Khejustala, Mithipur, Fajilpur, Rajapur, Akheriganj, Parashpur villages were badly affected. Many families living along the Ganges continue to be affected. As for example, in 2008, 1,245 families were affected in Lalgola, Bhagawangola I and Bhagawangola II CD Blocks.[5]

See also - River bank erosion along the Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad districts

Bhagawangola I CD Block has an area of 136.10 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 8 gram panchayats, 127 gram sansads (village councils), 59 mouzas and 54 inhabited villages. Bhagawangola police station serves this block.[6] The headquarters of this CD Block is at Bhagawangola.[7]

Gram panchayats in Bhagawangola I block/ panchayat samiti are: Bhagawangola, Habaspur, Hanumanta Nagar, Kantanagar, Kuthirampur, Mahammadpur, Mahisasthali and Sundarpur.[8]

Demographics

[edit]

Population

[edit]

According to the 2011 Census of India, Bhagawangola I CD block had a total population of 202,071, all of which were rural. There were 103,419 (51%) males and 98,652 (49%) females. Population in the age range 0-6 years numbered 28,933. Scheduled Castes numbered 14,557 (7.20%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 227 (0.14%).[9]

As per 2001 census, Bhagawangola I block has a total population of 163,438, out of which 84,035 were males and 79,403 were females. Bhagawangola I block registered a population growth of 23.90% during the 1991-2001 decade. Decadal growth for the district was 23.70 per cent.[10] Decadal growth in West Bengal was 17.84 per cent.[11]

Decadal Population Growth Rate (%)

5
10
15
20
25
30
1971-1981
1981-1991
1991-2001
2001-2011
  •   Bhagawagola I CD block
  •   Murshidabad district
  •   West Bengal

Sources:[12][13][14][11][15][16]

The decadal growth of population in Bhagawangola I CD block in 2001-2011 was 23.62%.[17]

The decadal growth rate of population in Murshidabad district was as follows: 33.5% in 1951-61, 28.6% in 1961-71, 25.5% in 1971-81, 28.2% in 1981-91, 23.8% in 1991-2001 and 21.1% in 2001-11.[18] The decadal growth rate for West Bengal in 2001-11 was 13.93%.[14]

The decadal growth rate of population in neighbouring Rajshahi District, across the Ganges, in Bangladesh, was 13.48% for the decade 2001-2011, down from 21.19% in the decade 1991-2001.[19]

There are reports of Bangladeshi infiltrators entering Murshidabad district.[20][21]

Villages

[edit]

Large villages in Bhagawangola I CD block were (2011 population figures in brackets): Dakshin Hanumanta Nagar (19,813), Kantanagar (15,587), Mahishasthali (17,785), Belia Syampur (11,847), Upar Orahar (4,568), Sundarpur (4,546), Paschim Rampur (4,099), Digha (6,171), Telia (8,259), Bhundar Kismat (5,800), Kochgiria (4,606), Habaspur (17,148) and Kasba Bahadurpur (7,470).[9]

Literacy

[edit]

As per the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Bhagawangola I CD block was 115,632 (66.79% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 59,970 (67.64% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 55,662 (65.89% of the female population over 6 years). The gender disparity (the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 1.74%.[9]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Literacy in CD blocks of
Murshidabad district
Jangipur subdivision
Farakka – 59.75%
Samserganj – 54.98%
Suti I – 58.40%
Suti II – 55.23%
Raghunathganj I – 64.49%
Raghunathganj II – 61.17%
Sagardighi – 65.27%
Lalbag subdivision
Murshidabad-Jiaganj – 69.14%
Bhagawangola I - 57.22%
Bhagawangola II – 53.48%
Lalgola– 64.32%
Nabagram – 70.83%
Sadar subdivision
Berhampore – 73.51%
Beldanga I – 70.06%
Beldanga II – 67.86%
Hariharpara – 69.20%
Naoda – 66.09%
Kandi subdivision
Kandi – 65.13%
Khargram – 63.56%
Burwan – 68.96%
Bharatpur I – 62.93%
Bharatpur II – 66.07%
Domkol subdivision
Domkal – 55.89%
Raninagar I – 57.81%
Raninagar II – 54.81%
Jalangi – 58.73%
Source: 2011 Census: CD Block Wise
Primary Census Abstract Data


Language and religion

[edit]
Religion in Bhagawangola I CD block (2011)[22]
Islam
 
 85.67%
Hinduism
 
 14.19%
Other or not stated
 
 0.14%

In the 2011 census, Muslims numbered 173,117 and formed 85.67% of the population in Bhagawangola I CD block. Hindus numbered 28,672 and formed 14.19% of the population. Others numbered 282 and formed 0.14% of the population.[22] In Bhagawangola I and Bhagabangola II CD blocks taken together, while the proportion of Muslims increased from 82.02% in 1991 to 85.02% in 2001, the proportion of Hindus declined from 17.98% in 1991 to 14.80% in 2001.[23]

Murshidabad district had 4,707,573 Muslims who formed 66.27% of the population, 2,359,061 Hindus who formed 33.21% of the population, and 37, 173 persons belonging to other religions who formed 0.52% of the population, in the 2011 census. While the proportion of Muslim population in the district increased from 61.40% in 1991 to 63.67% in 2001, the proportion of Hindu population declined from 38.39% in 1991 to 35.92% in 2001.[24][25][26]

Murshidabad was the only Muslim majority district in West Bengal at the time of partition of India in 1947. The proportion of Muslims in the population of Murshidabad district in 1951 was 55.24%.[21] The Radcliffe Line had placed Muslim majority Murshidabad in India and the Hindu majority Khulna in Pakistan, in order to maintain the integrity of the Ganges river system In India.[27]

Bengali is the predominant language, spoken by 99.62% of the population.[28]

Rural poverty

[edit]

As per the Human Development Report 2004 for West Bengal, the rural poverty ratio in Murshidabad district was 46.12%. Purulia, Bankura and Birbhum districts had higher rural poverty ratios. These estimates were based on Central Sample data of NSS 55th round 1999-2000.[29]

Economy

[edit]

Livelihood

[edit]

In Bhagawangola I CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 8,376 and formed 13.05%, agricultural labourers numbered 25,986 and formed 40.49%, household industry workers numbered 2,837 and formed 4.42% and other workers numbered 26,980 and formed 42.04%.[30]

Infrastructure

[edit]

There are 54 inhabited villages in Bhagawangola I CD block. 100% villages have power supply. 53 villages (98.15%) have drinking water supply. 13 villages (24.07%) have post offices. 53 villages (98.15%) have telephones (including landlines, public call offices and mobile phones). 33 villages (61.11%) have a pucca approach road and 22 villages (40.74%) have transport communication (includes bus service, rail facility and navigable waterways). 4 villages (7.41%) have agricultural credit societies and 6 villages (11.11%) have banks.[31]

Agriculture

[edit]

Persons engaged in agriculture
in Bhagawangola I CD block

  Bargadars (2.93%)
  Patta holders (7.49%)
  Small farmers (5.14%)
  Marginal farmers (26.47%)
  Agricultural labourers (57.97%)

From 1977 onwards major land reforms took place in West Bengal. Land in excess of land ceiling was acquired and distributed amongst the peasants.[32] Following land reforms land ownership pattern has undergone transformation. In 2013-14, persons engaged in agriculture in Bhagawangola I CD block could be classified as follows: bargadars 1,312 (2.93%), patta (document) holders 3,356 (7.49%), small farmers (possessing land between 1 and 2 hectares) 2,306 (5.14%), marginal farmers (possessing land up to 1 hectare) 11,866 (26.47%) and agricultural labourers 25,986 (57.97%).[30]

Bhagawangola I CD Bblock had 130 fertiliser depots, 4 seed stores and 37 fair price shops in 2013-14.[30]

In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block produced 2,002 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop from 932 hectares, 2,654 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 789 hectares, 143 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 66 hectares, 902 tonnes of wheat from 421 hectares, 209 tonnes of maize from 81 hectares, 95,908 tonnes of jute from 6,101 hectares and 8,940 tonnes of potatoes from 298 hectares. It also produced pulses and oilseeds.[30]

In 2013-14, the total area irrigated in Bhagawangola I CD block was 3,231 hectares, out of which 123 hectares were irrigated with river lift irrigation, 660 hectares by deep tube well, 48 hectares by shallow tube well and 2,400 hectares by other means.[30]

Silk and handicrafts

[edit]

Murshidabad is famous for its silk industry since the Middle Ages. There are three distinct categories in this industry, namely (i) Mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing (ii) Peeling of raw silk (iii) Weaving of silk fabrics.[33]

Ivory carving is an important cottage industry from the era of the Nawabs. The main areas where this industry has flourished are Khagra and Jiaganj. 99% of ivory craft production is exported. In more recent years sandalwood etching has become more popular than ivory carving. Bell metal and Brass utensils are manufactured in large quantities at Khagra, Berhampore, Kandi and Jangipur. Beedi making has flourished in the Jangipur subdivision.[33][34]

Banking

[edit]

In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block had offices of 6 commercial banks and 2 gramin banks.[30]

Backward Regions Grant Fund

[edit]

Murshidabad district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the Backward Regions Grant Fund. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 11 districts of West Bengal.[35][36]

Transport

[edit]

Bhagawangola I CD block has 7 ferry services and 2 originating/ terminating bus routes.[30]

Bhagwangola railway station and Subarnamrigi railway station are on the Ranaghat-Lalgola branch line which was opened in 1905.[37][38]

State Highway 11A, running from Raghunathganj to Bhagawangola passes through this CD block.[39]

Education

[edit]

In 2013-14, Bhagawangola I CD block had 82 primary schools with 10,279 students, 13 middle schools with 2,067 students, 2 high schools with 2,997 students and 8 higher secondary schools with 18,493 students. Bhagawangola I CD block had 366 institutions for special and non-formal education with 17,423 students.[30]

In Bhagawangola I CD block, amongst the 54 inhabited villages, 5 villages did not have a school, 28 villages have more than 1 primary school, 23 villages have at least 1 primary and 1 middle school and 12 villages had at least 1 middle and 1 secondary school.[40]

Healthcare

[edit]

In 2014, Bhagawangola I CD block had 1 block primary health centre, 2 primary health centres and 4 private nursing homes with total 42 beds and 7 doctors (excluding private bodies). It had 25 family welfare subcentres. 905 patients were treated indoor and 171,829 patients were treated outdoor in the hospitals, health centres and subcentres of the CD block.[30]

Bhagawangola I CD block has Kanapukur Rural Hospital at Kismattatla (with 15 beds), Oper-Orahar Primary Health Centre at Sundarpur (with 2 beds) and Habaspur PHC (with 10 beds).[41]

Bhagwangola I CD block is one of the areas of Murshidabad district where ground water is affected by a high level of arsenic contamination. The WHO guideline for arsenic in drinking water is 10 mg/ litre, and the Indian Standard value is 50 mg/ litre. All but one of the 26 blocks of Murshidabad district have arsenic contamination above the WHO level, all but two of the blocks have arsenic concentration above the Indian Standard value and 17 blocks have arsenic concentration above 300 mg/litre. The maximum concentration in Bhagawangola I CD block is 1,285 mg/litre.[42]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Tehsil Map of Murshidabad". CD Block/ Tehsil. Maps of India. Retrieved 6 August 2017.
  2. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Physiography, Page 13. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  3. ^ "Murshidabad". Geography. Murshidabad district authorities. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  4. ^ "Egiye Bangla Murshidabad". Murshidabad district authorities. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  5. ^ a b "Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal" (PDF). Swati Mollah. Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  6. ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad, Tables 2.1, 2.2". Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  7. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Map of Murshidabad with CD Block HQs and Police Stations (on the fourth page). Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Directory of District, Subdivision, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal". Murshidabad - Revised in March 2008. Panchayats and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  9. ^ a b c "C.D. Block Wise Primary Census Abstract Data(PCA)". West Bengal – District-wise CD Blocks. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 14 October 2015.
  10. ^ "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001 – Mushidabad district. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  11. ^ a b "Provisional Population Totals, West Bengal. Table 4". Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2012-04-12.
  12. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Growth Rate, Page 44. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  13. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page 50. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  14. ^ a b "Decadal Growth Rate". Mps of India. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  15. ^ "Population explosion in West Bengal: a survey". Table 1.1 Population in West Bengal 1941-1991. South Asian Research Society. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  16. ^ "Final Population Totals West Bengal" (PDF). Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  17. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Brief Analysis of Inset Tables based on Primary Census Abstract 2011 (Inset Tables 1-35), Table I: Decadal change in population of Tahsils (Sub-district) by Residence, 2001-2011, Page. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
  18. ^ "District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A" (PDF). Growth Rate, Page 44. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011: Zila Report – Rajshahi" (PDF). Page 17: Table PT 02 Population and Growth Rate, 1974-2011. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Ministry of Planning, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  20. ^ "Bangladeshi Infiltration: The Reality Check". The Pioneer, 27 June 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  21. ^ a b "Report taking shape amid infiltration buzz". The Telegraph, 23 August 2005. Archived from the original on December 5, 2005. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  22. ^ a b "Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  23. ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad". Table 17.1, Population by religion in the blocks of Murshidabad. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  24. ^ "C1 Population by Religious Community". West Bengal. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  25. ^ "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad". Table 2.10, Population by religion in the district of Murshidabad, 1991 and 2001. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 2019-01-21. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  26. ^ "Bengal beats India in Muslim growth rate". The Times of India, 26 August 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  27. ^ Chatterji, Joya (15 November 2007). The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967. University of Cambridge, first published 2007. ISBN 978-0-521-87536-3. Retrieved 23 July 2017. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  28. ^ "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  29. ^ "West Bengal Human Development Report 2004" (PDF). Page 80: Table 4.5 Per capita consumption in rural and urban areas by district. Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i "District Statistical Handbook 2014 Murshidabad". Tables 2.7, 17.2, 16.1, 18.1, 18.2, 20.1, 21.2, 4.4, 3.1, 3.3 – arranged as per use. Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
  31. ^ "District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 96-97 Table 36: Distribution of villages according to availability of different amenities, 2011. Directorate of Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  32. ^ "District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas". (1) Chapter 1.2, South 24 Parganas in Historical Perspective, pages 7-9 (2) Chapter 3.4, Land reforms, pages 32-33. Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  33. ^ a b "District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 22-23: Industry. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  34. ^ "Egiye Bangla Murshidabad district". Handicrafts and Silk Industry. Murshidabad district administration. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  35. ^ "Backward Regions Grant Funds: Programme Guidelines" (PDF). Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
  36. ^ "Backward Regions Grant Fund". Press Release, 14 June 2012. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  37. ^ L.S.S.O’Malley. "Murshidabad District (1914)". IRFCA. Retrieved 24 February 2016.
  38. ^ "6314 Lalgola-Sealdah Memu". Tie Table. Indiarailinfo. Retrieved 21 September 2017.
  39. ^ "List of State Highways in West Bengal". West Bengal Traffic Police. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  40. ^ "District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 901-902, Appendix I A: Villages by number of Primary Schools and Appendix I B: Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools, 2011. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
  41. ^ "Health & Family Welfare Department". Health Statistics. Government of West Bengal. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  42. ^ "Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (20 years study )". Murshidabad. SOES. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2017.
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Murshidabad travel guide from Wikivoyage

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