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{{short description|Japanese general}}
{{short description|Japanese officer, war criminal 1889-1965}}
{{for|the Japanese field hockey player|Takeo Ito (field hockey)}}
{{for|the Japanese field hockey player|Takeo Ito (field hockey)}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
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|death_place=Japan
|death_place=Japan
|image=Ito Takeo.jpg
|image=Ito Takeo.jpg
|image_size=180
|image_size=
|caption=Japanese General Takeo Itō
|caption=Takeo Itō before 1940
|nickname=
|nickname=
|allegiance={{flag|Empire of Japan}}
|allegiance={{flag|Empire of Japan}}
|branch={{army|Empire of Japan}}
|branch={{army|Empire of Japan}}
|serviceyears=
|serviceyears=1911–1945
|rank=[[Lieutenant General]]
|rank=[[File:帝國陸軍の階級―襟章―中将.svg|35px]] [[Lieutenant General]]
|commands=[[IJA 38th Division]]
|commands=[[IJA 38th Division]]
|unit=
|unit=
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|laterwork=
|laterwork=
}}
}}

{{nihongo|'''Takeo Itō'''|伊東 武夫|Itō Takeo|extra=6 July 1889 – 24 February 1965}} was a general in the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] during [[World War II]].
{{nihongo|'''Takeo Itō'''|伊東 武夫|Itō Takeo|extra=6 July 1889 – 24 February 1965}} was a war criminal in the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] during [[World War II]].


==Biography==
==Biography==
Takeo Itō was born in the city of [[Fukuoka, Fukuoka|Fukuoka]] in the [[Fukuoka prefecture]]<ref name="Klemen">{{cite web |first = Klemen |last = L |url = http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ito.html |title = Major-General Takeo Ito |date = 1999–2000 |work = Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120310093208/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ito.html |archivedate = 2012-03-10 }}</ref> The commanding officer of the IJA 228th Infantry Regiment at the start of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], he assumed command of 114th Infantry Regiment in August 1940.<ref name="Klemen" /> Upon attaining the rank of [[major general]] on August 25, 1941, Itō was given command of the [[38th Infantry Division (Imperial Japanese Army)|IJA 38th Division]]'s infantry group,<ref name="Klemen" /><ref>Lai, p. 13</ref> which was the primary Japanese division in the invasion of [[Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Ammentorp |first=Steep |url=http://www.generals.dk/general/Ito/Takeo/Japan.html |title=Ito, Takeo |work=The Generals of World War II}}</ref>
Takeo Itō was born in the city of [[Fukuoka, Fukuoka|Fukuoka]] in the [[Fukuoka prefecture]]<ref name="Klemen">{{cite web |first = Klemen |last = L |url = http://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/ito.html |title = Major-General Takeo Ito |date = 1999–2000 |work = Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status = live |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120310093208/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ito.html |archivedate = 2012-03-10 }}</ref> The commanding officer of the IJA 228th Infantry Regiment at the start of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], he assumed command of 114th Infantry Regiment in August 1940.<ref name="Klemen" /> Upon attaining the rank of [[major general]] on August 25, 1941, Itō was given command of the [[38th Infantry Division (Imperial Japanese Army)|IJA 38th Division]]'s infantry group,<ref name="Klemen" /><ref>Lai, p. 13</ref> which was the primary Japanese division in the invasion of [[Hong Kong]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Ammentorp |first=Steep |url=http://www.generals.dk/general/Ito/Takeo/Japan.html |title=Ito, Takeo |work=The Generals of World War II}}</ref>


In early 1942, Itō was reassigned to an independent command in his own name, the "Itō Detachment", consisted mainly of 228th Infantry Regiment, 38th Infantry Division and the 1st Kure SNLF, which took part in the [[Battle of Ambon]]<ref>{{cite web |first = Klemen |last = L |url = http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ambon.html |title = The Japanese Invasion of Ambon Island, January 1942 |date = 1999–2000 |work = Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121203023528/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ambon.html |archivedate = 2012-12-03 }}</ref> in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (30 January–3 February 1942), and in the occupation of [[Timor]]. All of these campaigns were characterized by extreme ruthlessness and the massacre of prisoners.<ref>{{cite web |last=Budge |first=Kent |url=http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/index.htm |title=Takeo Ito |work=Pacific War Online Encyclopedia}}</ref>
In early 1942, Itō was reassigned to an independent command in his own name, the "Itō Detachment", consisted mainly of 228th Infantry Regiment, 38th Infantry Division and the 1st Kure SNLF, which took part in the [[Battle of Ambon]]<ref>{{cite web |first = Klemen |last = L |url = http://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/ambon.html |title = The Japanese Invasion of Ambon Island, January 1942 |date = 1999–2000 |work = Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |url-status = live |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20121203023528/http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/ambon.html |archivedate = 2012-12-03 }}</ref> in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (30 January–3 February 1942), and in the occupation of [[Timor]]. All of these campaigns were characterized by extreme ruthlessness and the massacre of prisoners.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Budge |first=Kent |url=http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/index.htm |title=Takeo Ito |encyclopedia=Pacific War Online Encyclopedia}}</ref>


In November, Itō, along with one regiment of the 38th Division, was shipped to [[Guadalcanal]]. On 11 November, during the pivotal [[Battle of Guadalcanal]], Itō was positioned by Lieutenant-General [[Harukichi Hyakutake]] to attack [[United States Marine Corps|Marines]] under the command of United States General [[Alexander Archer Vandegrift]] who were involved in the Matanikau [[Matanikau Offensive|offensive]] against Japanese positions. However, Vandegrift called off his offensive that day after receiving [[military intelligence|intelligence]] reports of Hyakutake's plans. Itō later helped command 38th Division troops during the [[Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse]]. He and the 38th's survivors on Guadalcanal were [[Operation Ke|evacuated by the Japanese navy]] during the first week of February 1943. Itō became commander of the 40th Independent Mixed Brigade, stationed at [[New Ireland (island)|New Ireland]] on 8 July 1944.<ref name="Klemen" /> He was promoted to [[lieutenant-general]] on November 26 of that year.
In November, Itō, along with one regiment of the 38th Division, was shipped to [[Guadalcanal]]. On 11 November, during the pivotal [[Battle of Guadalcanal]], Itō was positioned by Lieutenant-General [[Harukichi Hyakutake]] to attack [[United States Marine Corps|Marines]] under the command of United States General [[Alexander Archer Vandegrift]] who were involved in the Matanikau [[Matanikau Offensive|offensive]] against Japanese positions. However, Vandegrift called off his offensive that day after receiving [[military intelligence|intelligence]] reports of Hyakutake's plans. Itō later helped command 38th Division troops during the [[Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse]]. He and the 38th's survivors on Guadalcanal were [[Operation Ke|evacuated by the Japanese navy]] during the first week of February 1943. Itō became commander of the 40th Independent Mixed Brigade, stationed at [[New Ireland (island)|New Ireland]] on 8 July 1944.<ref name="Klemen" /> He was promoted to [[lieutenant-general]] on November 26 of that year.
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==References==
==References==
*{{cite web|first = Klemen | last = L |url= http://www.dutcheastindies.webs.com/index.html |title= Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |date=1999–2000}}
*{{cite web|first = Klemen | last = L |url= https://warfare.gq/dutcheastindies/index.html |title= Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942 |date=1999–2000}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*[http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/GuadC/GC-08.htm Chapter VIII:Advances Towards Kokumbona] in [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/GuadC/GC-fm.htm ''United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific - Guadalcanal: The First Offensive'' by John Miller] ([[United States Army Center of Military History]], 1949 & 1995), pp.&nbsp;196, 201-202, 204
*[http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/GuadC/GC-08.htm Chapter VIII:Advances Towards Kokumbona] in [http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/GuadC/GC-fm.htm ''United States Army in World War II: The War in the Pacific - Guadalcanal: The First Offensive'' by John Miller] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225214108/http://www.history.army.mil/books/wwii/GuadC/GC-fm.htm |date=2007-12-25 }} ([[United States Army Center of Military History]], 1949 & 1995), pp.&nbsp;196, 201-202, 204
*[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USMC/I/USMC-I-VI-8.html ''Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal: History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II'', by Lt. Col. Frank O. Hough, USMCR; Maj. Verle E. Ludwig, USMC; Henry I. Shaw, Jr.] (Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps) Volume I, Chapter 8: Critical November
*[http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USMC/I/USMC-I-VI-8.html ''Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal: History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II'', by Lt. Col. Frank O. Hough, USMCR; Maj. Verle E. Ludwig, USMC; Henry I. Shaw, Jr.] (Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps) Volume I, Chapter 8: Critical November
*[http://hksw.org/despatches_106_1_j.htm The Hong Kong Society of Wargamers: "The Fall of Hong Kong, Christmas 1941", by Andrzej Cierpicki]
*[http://hksw.org/despatches_106_1_j.htm The Hong Kong Society of Wargamers: "The Fall of Hong Kong, Christmas 1941", by Andrzej Cierpicki]
* Benjamin Lai: '' Hong Kong 1941–45, First Strike in the Pacific War'', Osprey Publishing 2014, {{ISBN|978-1-78200-268-0}}
* Benjamin Lai: '' Hong Kong 1941–45, First Strike in the Pacific War'', Osprey Publishing 2014, {{ISBN|978-1-78200-268-0}}



{{DEFAULTSORT:Ito, Takeo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ito, Takeo}}
[[Category:Japanese generals]]
[[Category:Imperial Japanese Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Japanese military personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Japanese people convicted of war crimes]]
[[Category:Japanese people convicted of war crimes]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Fukuoka Prefecture]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Fukuoka Prefecture]]
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1889 births]]
[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:1965 deaths]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to death by the Commonwealth of Australia]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to death by the Commonwealth of Australia]]

Latest revision as of 18:23, 6 November 2024

For the Japanese field hockey player, see Takeo Ito (field hockey).
Takeo Itō
Takeo Itō before 1940
Native name
伊東 武夫
Born(1889-07-06)July 6, 1889
Fukuoka prefecture, Japan
DiedFebruary 24, 1965(1965-02-24) (aged 75)
Japan
Allegiance Empire of Japan
Service / branch Imperial Japanese Army
Years of service1911–1945
Rank Lieutenant General
CommandsIJA 38th Division
Battles / wars

Takeo Itō (伊東 武夫, Itō Takeo, 6 July 1889 – 24 February 1965) was a war criminal in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.

Biography

[edit]

Takeo Itō was born in the city of Fukuoka in the Fukuoka prefecture[1] The commanding officer of the IJA 228th Infantry Regiment at the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War, he assumed command of 114th Infantry Regiment in August 1940.[1] Upon attaining the rank of major general on August 25, 1941, Itō was given command of the IJA 38th Division's infantry group,[1][2] which was the primary Japanese division in the invasion of Hong Kong.[3]

In early 1942, Itō was reassigned to an independent command in his own name, the "Itō Detachment", consisted mainly of 228th Infantry Regiment, 38th Infantry Division and the 1st Kure SNLF, which took part in the Battle of Ambon[4] in the Dutch East Indies (30 January–3 February 1942), and in the occupation of Timor. All of these campaigns were characterized by extreme ruthlessness and the massacre of prisoners.[5]

In November, Itō, along with one regiment of the 38th Division, was shipped to Guadalcanal. On 11 November, during the pivotal Battle of Guadalcanal, Itō was positioned by Lieutenant-General Harukichi Hyakutake to attack Marines under the command of United States General Alexander Archer Vandegrift who were involved in the Matanikau offensive against Japanese positions. However, Vandegrift called off his offensive that day after receiving intelligence reports of Hyakutake's plans. Itō later helped command 38th Division troops during the Battle of Mount Austen, the Galloping Horse, and the Sea Horse. He and the 38th's survivors on Guadalcanal were evacuated by the Japanese navy during the first week of February 1943. Itō became commander of the 40th Independent Mixed Brigade, stationed at New Ireland on 8 July 1944.[1] He was promoted to lieutenant-general on November 26 of that year.

At the end of the war, Itō was taken into custody by Australian forces, and was tried as a war criminal in a military tribunal for the murder of Chinese civilians. He was sentenced to death at Rabaul, New Britain on 24 May 1946.[6] However, Ito was released on 28 October, and sent to Hong Kong. In 1948, Itō was accused of war crimes at the Hong Kong's War Crimes Court, found guilty and sentenced to 12 years in prison.[7][8] He died on 24 February 1965.[citation needed]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d L, Klemen (1999–2000). "Major-General Takeo Ito". Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942. Archived from the original on 2012-03-10.
  2. ^ Lai, p. 13
  3. ^ Ammentorp, Steep. "Ito, Takeo". The Generals of World War II.
  4. ^ L, Klemen (1999–2000). "The Japanese Invasion of Ambon Island, January 1942". Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942. Archived from the original on 2012-12-03.
  5. ^ Budge, Kent. "Takeo Ito". Pacific War Online Encyclopedia.
  6. ^ Some Noteworthy War Criminals Archived 2009-03-09 at the Wayback Machine Source: History of the United Nations War Crimes Commission and the Development of the Laws of War, United Nations War Crimes Commission (London: HMSO, 1948)
  7. ^ Suzannah Linton (26 September 2013). Hong Kong's War Crimes Trials. OUP Oxford. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-0-19-964328-8.
  8. ^ "前哨之外：再聽不見 妻子的聲音 沒入日軍槍聲的香港 一個失去妻子的軍人". Ming Pao. 2016-08-09.

References

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
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