Robert MacTier: Difference between revisions
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'''Robert Mactier''' [[Victoria Cross|VC]] (17 May 1890 – 1 September 1918) was an [[List of Australian Victoria Cross recipients|Australian recipient]] of the [[Victoria Cross]], the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to [[United Kingdom|British]] and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces. |
'''Robert Mactier''' [[Victoria Cross|VC]] (17 May 1890 – 1 September 1918) was an [[List of Australian Victoria Cross recipients|Australian recipient]] of the [[Victoria Cross]], the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to [[United Kingdom|British]] and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces. He was one of 64 Australians to receive the award for their actions during [[World War I]], receiving as a result of deeds performed during the [[Battle of Mont St Quentin]] on 1 September 1918. That day, Mactier was a battalion runner serving with the [[23rd Battalion (Australia)|23rd Battalion]], [[First Australian Imperial Force|Australian Imperial Force]]. He was sent forward by an officer to determine the cause of a delay in the battalion moving into its jumping off position. The cause was a well placed enemy machine gun. On his own initiative, Mactier jumped out of the trench and charged the gun, killing its crew of six. He then charged two other machine guns, killing more crews and causing at least 40 enemy to surrender. He was killed by fire from a fourth machine gun, but not before enabling his battalion to form up on time.{{sfn|Bean|1942|pp=835–836}} |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Robert Mactier was born at [[Tatura]] on 17 May 1890, the seventh of ten children<ref name=ADB/> of Robert and Christina Mactier of "Reitcam" ("Mactier" spelt backwards), a nearby property.{{sfn|Wigmore|1963|p=156}} He went to school locally, and later worked on his father's properties until he enlisted in the [[Australian Imperial Force (1st)|Australian Imperial Force]] at [[Seymour, Victoria|Seymour]] on 1 March 1917. He sailed from Melbourne with the other 151 Victorians of the [[23rd Battalion (Australia)|23rd Battalion]] |
Robert Mactier was born at [[Tatura]] on 17 May 1890, the seventh of ten children<ref name=ADB/> of Robert and Christina Mactier of "Reitcam" ("Mactier" spelt backwards), a nearby property.{{sfn|Wigmore|1963|p=156}} In his formative years, he was a keen sportsman.{{sfn|Bomford|2012|p=97}} He went to school locally, and later worked on his father's properties until he enlisted in the [[Australian Imperial Force (1st)|Australian Imperial Force]] at [[Seymour, Victoria|Seymour]] on 1 March 1917. He sailed from Melbourne with the other 151 Victorians of the [[23rd Battalion (Australia)|23rd Battalion]]'s 19th Reinforcements aboard HMAT A11 ''Ascanius '' on 11 May.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aif.adfa.edu.au:8080/showPerson?key=MACTIER/R/6939 |title=Robert Mactier |year=2011 |work=The AIF Project |publisher=UNSW@ADFA |accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> He arrived in [[Western Front (World War I)|France]] on 14 November, and joined the battalion on 23 November. Posted to B Company, he fought in all of the Battalion's subsequent battles until his death, including at [[Battle of Albert (1918)|Albert]], where he was [[Poison gas in World War I|gassed]], [[Battle of Hamel|Hamel]] and the [[Hundred Days Offensive|August Offensive]] in 1918. His brother, David, served with the [[37th Battalion (Australia)|37th Battalion]].<ref name=ADB/> |
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==Victoria Cross action== |
==Victoria Cross action== |
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He was 28 years old, and a [[Private (rank)| |
He was 28 years old, and a [[Private (rank)|private]] in the 23rd Battalion when the following deed took place for which he was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. The full citation for the Victoria Cross appeared in a supplement to the ''[[London Gazette]]'' on 13 December 1918:<ref>{{LondonGazette |issue=31067 |date=14 December 1918 |startpage=14778 |supp=yes |accessdate=11 May 2011}}</ref> |
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{{quote|''War Office, 14th December, 1918'' |
{{quote|''War Office, 14th December, 1918'' |
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Mactier was buried nearby but |
Mactier was buried nearby at Clery but in 1924, he was reinterred in the [[Hem Farm Military Cemetery]] near [[Péronne, Somme|Péronne]], France.<ref name=ADB/>{{sfn|Bomford|2012|p=97}} Mactier's actions have been described as "a remarkable one-man offensive".{{sfn|Wigmore|1963|p=157}} He was unmarried.{{sfn|Wigmore|1986|p=95}} |
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==Honours and awards== |
==Honours and awards== |
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[[File:VCRobertMacTierGrave.jpg|thumb|150px|Mactier's grave in [[Hem Farm Military Cemetery]], near [[Péronne, Somme|Péronne]], France.]] |
[[File:VCRobertMacTierGrave.jpg|thumb|150px|Mactier's grave in [[Hem Farm Military Cemetery]], near [[Péronne, Somme|Péronne]], France.]] |
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Mactier has been commemorated in numerous ways. In his home town of Tatura, there is a stained glass window in St Andrews Church dedicated to the memory of Mactier and his parents. The Robert Mactier VC Memorial Garden, commonly known as Mactier Park, is also named after him.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.taturamuseum.org.au/local_history.html|title= Tatura Irrigation and Wartime Camps Museum – Local History|accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> In 1956 his two sisters represented him at the Victoria Cross centenary in London.{{sfn|Wigmore|1986|p=95}} The |
Mactier has been commemorated in numerous ways. In his home town of Tatura, there is a stained glass window in St Andrews Church dedicated to the memory of Mactier and his parents. The Robert Mactier VC Memorial Garden, commonly known as Mactier Park, is also named after him.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.taturamuseum.org.au/local_history.html|title= Tatura Irrigation and Wartime Camps Museum – Local History|accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> In 1956, his two sisters represented him at the Victoria Cross centenary in London.{{sfn|Wigmore|1986|p=95}} The soldiers' club at [[Simpson Barracks]], [[Watsonia, Victoria|Watsonia]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] was later named the "Mactier VC Club" in his honour. It also holds a bust of him by Wallace Anderson.<ref name=ADB/>{{sfn|Bomford|2012|p=97}} Mactier's Victoria Cross was presented to the [[Australian War Memorial]], in [[Canberra, Australia|Canberra]] by his family in 1983, where it is now on display.{{sfn|Wigmore|1986|p=95}} His name is recorded on panel 99 of the Roll of Honour in the [[Australian_War_Memorial#The_commemorative_area|Commemorative Area]] at the Australian War Memorial.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.awm.gov.au/research/people/roll_of_honour/person.asp?p=490631|title=Roll of Honour – Robert Mactier|publisher=Australian War Memorial|accessdate=10 May 2011}}</ref> |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist|2}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Refbegin}} |
{{Refbegin}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Bean|first=C.E.W.|title=The Australian Imperial Force in France During the Allied Offensive 1918|url=http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/first_world_war/AWMOHWW1/AIF/Vol6/|series=Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918|volume=Volume VI|publisher=Angus and Robertson|edition=1st|year=1942|location=Sydney|oclc=41008291|ref=harv}} |
*{{cite book|last=Bean|first=C.E.W.|title=The Australian Imperial Force in France During the Allied Offensive 1918|url=http://www.awm.gov.au/histories/first_world_war/AWMOHWW1/AIF/Vol6/|series=Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918|volume=Volume VI|publisher=Angus and Robertson|edition=1st|year=1942|location=Sydney|oclc=41008291|ref=harv}} |
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* {{cite book |last=Bomford |first=Michelle |title=The Battle of Mont St Quentin–Peronne 1918 |series=Australian Army Campaigns Series # 11 |year= 2012 |publisher=Big Sky Publishing |location=Newport, New South Wales |isbn=978-1-921941962 |ref=harv}} |
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*{{cite book|title=They Dared Mightily|editor-first=Lionel|editor-last=Wigmore|year=1963 |publisher=Australian War Memorial|edition=1st|location=Canberra|oclc=874450|ref=harv}} |
*{{cite book|title=They Dared Mightily|editor-first=Lionel|editor-last=Wigmore|year=1963 |publisher=Australian War Memorial|edition=1st|location=Canberra|oclc=874450|ref=harv}} |
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*{{cite book|title=They Dared Mightily|editor-first=Lionel|editor-last=Wigmore|year=1986|publisher=Australian War Memorial|edition=2nd|location=Canberra|isbn=0642994714|ref=harv}} |
*{{cite book|title=They Dared Mightily|editor-first=Lionel|editor-last=Wigmore|year=1986|publisher=Australian War Memorial|edition=2nd|location=Canberra|isbn=0642994714|ref=harv}} |
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Revision as of 22:26, 21 February 2014
Robert Mactier | |
|---|---|
 Robert Mactier | |
| Nickname(s) | Bob[1] |
| Born | 17 May 1890 Tatura, Victoria |
| Died | 1 September 1918 (aged 28) Mont St Quentin, near Peronne, France |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Service | Australian Imperial Force |
| Years of service | 1917–1918 |
| Rank | Private |
| Unit | 23rd Australian Infantry Battalion |
| Battles / wars | World War I |
| Awards | Victoria Cross |
Robert Mactier VC (17 May 1890 – 1 September 1918) was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was one of 64 Australians to receive the award for their actions during World War I, receiving as a result of deeds performed during the Battle of Mont St Quentin on 1 September 1918. That day, Mactier was a battalion runner serving with the 23rd Battalion, Australian Imperial Force. He was sent forward by an officer to determine the cause of a delay in the battalion moving into its jumping off position. The cause was a well placed enemy machine gun. On his own initiative, Mactier jumped out of the trench and charged the gun, killing its crew of six. He then charged two other machine guns, killing more crews and causing at least 40 enemy to surrender. He was killed by fire from a fourth machine gun, but not before enabling his battalion to form up on time.[2]
Early life
Robert Mactier was born at Tatura on 17 May 1890, the seventh of ten children[1] of Robert and Christina Mactier of "Reitcam" ("Mactier" spelt backwards), a nearby property.[3] In his formative years, he was a keen sportsman.[4] He went to school locally, and later worked on his father's properties until he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force at Seymour on 1 March 1917. He sailed from Melbourne with the other 151 Victorians of the 23rd Battalion's 19th Reinforcements aboard HMAT A11 Ascanius on 11 May.[5] He arrived in France on 14 November, and joined the battalion on 23 November. Posted to B Company, he fought in all of the Battalion's subsequent battles until his death, including at Albert, where he was gassed, Hamel and the August Offensive in 1918. His brother, David, served with the 37th Battalion.[1]
Victoria Cross action
He was 28 years old, and a private in the 23rd Battalion when the following deed took place for which he was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. The full citation for the Victoria Cross appeared in a supplement to the London Gazette on 13 December 1918:[6]
War Office, 14th December, 1918
His Majesty the KING has been graciously pleased to award the Victoria Cross to the undermentioned Officers, Warrant Officer, Non-commissioned Officers and Men:-
No. 6939 Pte. Robert Mactier, late 23rd Bn., A.I.F.
'For most conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty on the morning of the 1st September, 1918, during the attack on the village of Mt. St. Quentin. Prior to the advance of the battalion, it was necessary to clear up several enemy strong points close to our line. This the bombing patrols sent forward failed to effect, and the battalion was unable to move. Private Mactier, single handed, and in daylight, thereupon jumped out of the trench, rushed past the block, closed with and killed the machine gun garrison of eight men with his revolver and bombs, and threw the enemy machine gun over the parapet. Then, rushing forward about 20 yards, he jumped into another strong point held by a garrison of six men, who immediately surrendered. Continuing to the next block through the trench, he disposed of an enemy machine gun which had been enfilading our flank advancing troops, and was then killed by another machine gun at close range. It was entirely due to this exceptional valour and determination of Private Mactier that the battalion was able to move on to its "jumping off" trench and carry out the successful operation of capturing the village of Mt. St. Quentin a few hours later.'
Mactier was buried nearby at Clery but in 1924, he was reinterred in the Hem Farm Military Cemetery near Péronne, France.[1][4] Mactier's actions have been described as "a remarkable one-man offensive".[7] He was unmarried.[8]
Honours and awards
_ribbon_bar.png){kind=small} |
Victoria Cross (VC) | (1918) |
| British War Medal | ||
| Victory Medal |
Mactier has been commemorated in numerous ways. In his home town of Tatura, there is a stained glass window in St Andrews Church dedicated to the memory of Mactier and his parents. The Robert Mactier VC Memorial Garden, commonly known as Mactier Park, is also named after him.[9] In 1956, his two sisters represented him at the Victoria Cross centenary in London.[8] The soldiers' club at Simpson Barracks, Watsonia, Victoria was later named the "Mactier VC Club" in his honour. It also holds a bust of him by Wallace Anderson.[1][4] Mactier's Victoria Cross was presented to the Australian War Memorial, in Canberra by his family in 1983, where it is now on display.[8] His name is recorded on panel 99 of the Roll of Honour in the Commemorative Area at the Australian War Memorial.[10]
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Merrilyn Lincoln (1986). "Mactier, Robert (Bob) (1890–1918)". Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 10. Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
- ^ Bean 1942, pp. 835–836.
- ^ Wigmore 1963, p. 156.
- ^ a b c Bomford 2012, p. 97.
- ^ "Robert Mactier". The AIF Project. UNSW@ADFA. 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ "No. 31067". The London Gazette (invalid
|supp=(help)). 14 December 1918. - ^ Wigmore 1963, p. 157.
- ^ a b c Wigmore 1986, p. 95.
- ^ "Tatura Irrigation and Wartime Camps Museum – Local History". Retrieved 10 May 2011.
- ^ "Roll of Honour – Robert Mactier". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 10 May 2011.
References
- Bean, C.E.W. (1942). The Australian Imperial Force in France During the Allied Offensive 1918. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. Vol. Volume VI (1st ed.). Sydney: Angus and Robertson. OCLC 41008291.
{{cite book}}:|volume=has extra text (help); Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Bomford, Michelle (2012). The Battle of Mont St Quentin–Peronne 1918. Australian Army Campaigns Series # 11. Newport, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing. ISBN 978-1-921941962.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Wigmore, Lionel, ed. (1963). They Dared Mightily (1st ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC 874450.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Wigmore, Lionel, ed. (1986). They Dared Mightily (2nd ed.). Canberra: Australian War Memorial. ISBN 0642994714.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)
External links
- MACTIER R.
- Private R. Mactier (photo, brief details)