View source for 無

{{also|无|𬻝|🈚}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==
{{stroke order|type=cursive}}
[[Image:無-still.svg|right|thumb|100px|The character 無 in semi-cursive script.]]

===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=86|rad=火|as=08|sn=12|four=80331|canj=OTF|ids=⿱⿳𠂉卌一灬}}

====Derived characters====
* {{l|mul|[[㒇]], [[嘸]], [[墲]], [[嫵]], [[幠]], [[㣳]], [[憮]], [[撫]], [[潕]], [[𬍇]], [[𨼊]], [[𣊲]], [[膴]], [[橅]], [[㷻]], [[璑]], [[𨖴]], [[𤏠]], [[瞴]], [[𥕻]], [[𥼣]], [[䌗]], [[蟱]], [[譕]], [[𩻚]], [[𠓺]], [[鄦]], [[甒]], [[鷡]], [[廡]], [[蕪]], [[䍢]], [[䉑]], [[𨶭]], [[𠢬]], [[𨅐]]}}

====Related characters====
* {{l|mul|无}} {{q|[[Simplified Chinese]]}}

===Further reading===
{{Han ref|kx=0673.260|dkj=19113|dj=1081.240|hdz=32211.150|uh=7121}}

==Chinese==

===Glyph origin===
{{Han etyl}}
{{liushu|p}}. A man dancing with something long held in both hands, perhaps two branches ([[林]]).

This character is borrowed for “have no”, and the character {{l|zh|舞}} is used for the original sense.

===Etymology 1===
{{zh-forms|s=无|alt=𭴿,橆,𣞤,𣟒,𬻜,𬻝,𭴾,𤍍,𣞣,𫡟,𣠮,𡙻,𤀢,𰙄,𰙈,𣑨,𣚨,𠘩,㷻}}
{{zh-wp|zh|cdo:Mò̤}}

Core Sino–Tibetan. From {{inh|zh|sit-pro|*ma||no, not}}; cognate with {{cog|bo|མ་||not}} and {{cog|my|မ||not}}.

Cognate with:

* {{och-l|微|not, no}}
* {{och-l|毋|do not}}
* {{och-l|勿|not, don't}}
* {{och-l|未|not yet, haven't}}
* {{och-l|靡|not, no}}
* {{och-l|亡|not have; to flee, to disappear, to die}}
* {{och-l|沒|to end, to disappear, to drown}}
* {{och-l|莫|none, nobody, nothing; do not; can not}}

Attested profusely in Classical Chinese, this word is the prototypical negation particle in the *''m-'' series of Chinese negatives. In the [[oracle bone script]], however, {{lang|zh|無}} is not frequently used, and its homophone (or near-homophone) {{och-l|毋}} is used instead.

See {{och-l|不|not}} for more on negative particles in Old Chinese.

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=wú
|m-s=
|c=mou4
|c-t=mu3
|g=
|h=pfs=mò/vù;gd=mo2/vu2
|h_note=Sixian: mò - colloquial; vù - literary
Meixian: mo2 - colloquial; vu2 - literary
|j=vu1
|mb=maǔ/ǔ
|mb_note=maǔ - colloquial (also written as {{zh-l|毛|tr=-}}); ǔ - literary
|md=mò̤/ù
|md_note=mò̤ - colloquial (also written as {{zh-l|毛|tr=-}}); ù - literary
|mn=ml,jj,ha,zp,ct,ly,tw,sg,ph:bô/ml,jj,ha,zp,ct,ly,tw:bû
|mn_note=bô - colloquial; bû - literary
|mn-t=bho5/bhu5
|mn-t_note=bho5 - colloquial; bhu5 - literary
|mn-l=
|px=pt,xy:bo2/pt,xy:bu2
|px_note=bo2 - colloquial; bu2 - literary
|w=sh:6m,6wu;sz:2m,2vu
|w_note=m - colloquial; wu/vu - literary
|x=
|x-l=
|x-h=
|mc=y
|oc=y
|ma=y
|mna=Taiwanese-The_Vowel_o.ogg
|cat=adv,n,pref,v,con
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|literary|or|Hakka|Min}} to [[not]] [[have]] something; [[there]] is not ...
#: {{zh-x|天空 無 雲。|'''There is no''' cloud in the sky.|tr=Tiānkōng '''wú''' yún.}}
#: {{zh-x|我 無 零星錢。|I '''don't have''' any change.|MN|tr=Góa '''bô''' lân-san-chîⁿ}}
#* {{zh-x|也許 一 想起 某某 是 唯一 可 鍾意　才 來 害怕 無 下次 其實 多麼 諷刺|Maybe once I think of someone as the only one I can love, I would be afraid that '''there would not be''' a next time, but it's actually quite ridiculous|C-LIT|ref='''2019''', {{lw|zh|林家謙}} &lsqb;{{w|Terence Lam}}&rsqb;, [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=inYU6vMBwtI {{lang|zh|下一位前度}}] [NEXT]|tr=jaa5 heoi2 jat1 soeng2 hei2 mau5 mau5 si6 wai4 jat1 ho2 zung1 ji3, coi4 loi4 hoi6 paa3 '''mou4''' haa6 ci3 kei4 sat6 do1 mo1 fung3 ci3}}
# {{lb|zh|literary|or|Min}} {{n-g|Negation particle preceding verbs and adjectives.}} [[not]]
#: {{zh-x|無可|can't|tr='''wú'''kě}}
#: {{zh-x|我 無 求 於 你。|I want nothing from you.|tr=Wǒ '''wú''' qiú yú nǐ.}}
# {{lb|zh|literary|or|Min}} [[have]] [[not]]
#: {{zh-x|我 無 共 伊 講。|I '''didn't''' tell him.|MN|tr=Góa '''bô''' kā i kóng.}}
# {{lb|zh|literary|or|Hakka|Min}} {{n-g|Interrogative particle.}}
#* {{zh-x|晚來 天 欲 雪，能 飲 一 杯 無？|Night comes and the sky seems like it might snow; could you drink a cup?|CL|ref={{lw|zh|白居易}}{{lang|zh|《[[s:zh:問劉十九|問劉十九]]》}}|tr=Wǎnlái tiān yù xuě, néng yǐn yī bēi '''wú'''?}}
# {{lb|zh|Hakka|Min}} [[if]] [[not]]; [[otherwise]] {{gloss|placed at the start of a sentence}}
# {{lb|zh|Hokkien|Teochew}} {{n-g|Particle used after a verb to indicate that a goal has not or cannot been accomplished.}}
#: {{zh-x|看無|to '''not''' understand (when reading or viewing); to '''be unable''' to see|MN|tr=khòaⁿ-'''bô'''}}
#: {{zh-x|只個 字 在 字典 揣 無。|You '''can't''' find this word in the dictionary.|MN-T|tr=zi2 gai7 ri7 do6 ri7 diêng2 cuê7 '''bho5'''.}}
# {{†}} [[regardless]] of; [[no matter]] whether
# {{†}} [[nothing]]; [[nil]]
#: {{zh-x|從.無.到.有|start from nothing, from scratch|tr=cóng '''wú''' dào yǒu}}
# {{†}} {{alt form|zh|毋|t=do not}}
# [[without]]; [[-less]]; [[un-]]
#: {{zh-x|無情|heartless|tr='''wú'''qíng}}
#: {{zh-x|無理|unreasonable|tr='''wú'''lǐ}}
#: {{zh-x|無邊|unlimited|tr='''wú'''biān}}

=====Synonyms=====
{{zh-dial|沒有}}
{{zh-dial|不}}
{{zh-dial|不到}}

=====See also=====
* {{q|interrogative particle}} {{zh-l|未}}, {{zh-l|嗎}}, {{zh-l|否}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|人無遠慮，必有近憂|無……無……|無上|無下箸處|無不|無中生有|無主|無色|無血|無事|無事不登三寶殿|無事忙|無事生非|無二|無人|無人售票|無人問津|無他|無休止|無依無靠|無債一身輕|無償|無力|無功受祿|無助|無口|無可比擬|無可非議|無可奉告|無可厚非|無可諱言|無可救藥|無可奈何|無可奈何花落去|無可無不可|無可爭辯|無可置疑|無名|無名氏|無名小卒|無名英雄|無名指|無告|無味|無我|無比|無裨|無邊|無柄葉|無病呻吟|無補|無猜|無才|無產階級|無產階級文化大革命|無產階級專政|無產者|無常|無成|無恥|無出其右|無處存身|無從|無徒|無大無小|無道|無敵|無底|無底洞|無地自容|無的放矢|無冬歷夏|無冬無夏|無動於衷|無動於中|無獨有偶|無度|無端|無惡不作|無法|無法無天|無漏|無方|無妨|無月|無垢|無非|無縫鋼管|無干|無辜|無故|無心|無忌|無性|無性生殖|無性雜交|無怪|無恆|無恙|無患|無情|無情無義|無愧|無關|無關宏旨|無關緊要|無關痛癢|無官一身輕|無軌電車|無害|無核|無核國家|無極|無後|無後坐力炮|無毛|無花果|無茶|無華|無話不說|無話可說|無機|無機肥料|無機合成|無機化合物|無機化學|無機酸|無機物|無機鹽|無稽|無及|無幾|無脊椎動物|無計可施|無記名投票|無際|無濟於事|無家可歸|無價之寶|無堅不摧|無間|無疆|無盡|無盡無休|無精打采|無拘無束|無孔不人|無賴|無禮|無理|無理方程|無理根|無理函數|無理強辯|無理取鬧|無理式|無理數|無立錐之地|無量|無聊|無聊賴|無職|無路可走|無論|無論如何|無米之炊|無冕之王|無明火|無名火|無奈|無奈何|無見|無能|無能為力|無匹|無期徒刑|無奇不有|無牽無掛|無前|無巧不成書|無親無故|無窮|無窮大|無窮無盡|無窮小|無趣|無權|無缺|無日|無傷大雅|無涉|無神|無神論|無鉛|無聲|無聲片|無聲片兒|無聲無息|無聲無臭|無繩電話|無時無刻|無視|無殊|無數|無雙|無霜期|無私|無私有弊|無酸硫|無算|無損|無所不包|無所不可|無所不能|無所不為|無所不用其極|無所不有|無所不在|無所不知|無所措手足|無所事事|無所適從|無所畏懼|無所謂|無所用心|無所作為|無題|無條件|無條件刺激|無條件反射|無痛分娩|無頭案|無往不利|無往不勝|無妄之災|無望|無微不至|無為|無地|無畏|無謂|無語|無物|無誤|無息貸款|無隙可乘|無瑕|無時|無暇|無限|無限大|無限公司|無限期|無限小|無線電|無線電報導|無線電波|無線電傳真|無線電電子學|無線電發射機|無線電話|無線電視|無線電收音機|無線電臺|無線電通信|無效|無邪|無懈可擊|無形|無形中|無形資本|無須|無糖|無需|無涯|無煙火藥|無煙煤|無言以對|無業|無業遊民|無遺|無疑|無以復加|無異|無益|無意|無意識|無垠|無影燈|無影無蹤|無指|無用|無用功|無憂無慮|無餘|無與倫比|無冤無仇|無料|無援|無緣|無緣無故|無政府主義|無知|無止境|無助於|無著|無籽果實|無足輕重|無阻|無罪|無坐力炮|無源之水，無本之木|無德|無計|無虞|無謀|無顏|無風|無風不起浪|無馱|無鹽|絕無僅有|無策|無水|無音|無產|無利|有無|無毒|無頜|無貨|無菌|無翅|無縫|無祿|無由|無牌|無狀|無牙|無氧|無措|無棣|無悔|無序|無已|無局|無品|一無所得|無薪假|無啥物<tr:bô-siáⁿ-mih>|無要緊<tr:mò-yeu-kín>|無一定<tr:bô-it-tēng>|無欲<tr:bô-beh>|無問題<tr:mò-mun-thì>|無功不受祿|無功受祿|慘無人道|無偌久<tr:bô-gōa-kú>|體無完膚|無日無之|一無所獲|無痛|若無<tr:nā-bô>|nan:無彩<tr:bô-chhái>|無錫|無功|nan:無路用<tr:bô-lō͘-ēng>|nan:仙人拍鼓有時錯，跤步踏差啥人無<tr:sian-jîn phah kó͘ iú sî chhò, kha-pō͘ ta̍h-chha siáⁿ-lâng bô>|nan:無張持<tr:bô-tiuⁿ-tî>|無頭神<tr:bô-thâu-sîn>|算無遺策|無難|巨細無遺}}

====Descendants====
{{CJKV||む|j2=ぶ|무|vô}}
* {{desc|bor=1|pea|bo}}

===Etymology 2===
{{zh-forms|s=无|alt=嘸}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|m=mó
|c=mo4
|h=pfs=mò
|md=mŏ
|w=sh:6mo
|cat=
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{zh-only|南無}}

====Compounds====
{{col3|zh|南無|南無阿彌陀佛}}

===Etymology 3===
{{zh-see|冇}}

===Further reading===
* {{thcwd|8588}}
* {{R:yue:Hanzi}}

{{cat|cmn|Elementary Mandarin}}

==Japanese==

===Kanji===
{{ja-kanji}}

# [[nothing]]
# [[nothingness]]
# [[none]]
# [[nil]]
# [[not]]

====Readings====
{{ja-readings
|goon=む
|kanon=ぶ
|toon=も
|kun=な-い, な-みする, なみ-する
}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{ja-r/multi|data=
* {{ja-r/args|無%明|む%みょう}}: [[unenlightment]]; [[ignorance]] of [[nirvana]]
* {{ja-r/args|神%無%月|かん%な%づき}}: {{qualifier|archaic}} the tenth month of the lunar calendar
* {{ja-r/args|無%形|む%ぎょう}}: [[formlessness]], [[bodylessness]]; something [[shapeless]] and [[invisible]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%形|む%けい}}: [[intangibility]]; [[incorporeality]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%見|む%けん}}: the belief that everything in this world is completely [[null]] and [[void]], with no [[substance]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%名|む%めい}}: [[nameless]], [[anonymous]], [[unsigned]]; [[anonymity]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%用|む%よう}}: [[futility]]; [[uselessness]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%機|む%き}}: [[inorganic]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%双|む%そう}}: [[matchless]], [[peerless]]
* {{ja-r/args|苦%無|く%ない}}: a [[kunai#Japanese|kunai]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%月|む%げつ}}: when the [[moon]] is not [[visible]] due to [[rain]] or some other reason
* {{ja-r/args|無%精|ぶ%しょう}}: [[laziness]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%力|む%りょく}}: [[powerless]]; [[incompetent]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%力%感|む%りょく%かん}}: a [[feeling]] of [[powerlessness]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%意%識|む%い%しき}}: [[unconscious]], [[unconsciousness]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%限|む%げん}}: [[infinity]]; [[limitless]]; [[unlimited]]
* {{ja-r/args|無%人|ぶ%にん}}: [[uninhabited]], [[unmanned]]
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===Etymology 1===
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=goon|む|alt=无}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|無}}. The {{m|ja|呉音|tr=goon}}, so likely an earlier borrowing.

====Pronunciation====
{{ja-pron|む|acc=1|acc_ref=NHK}}

====Noun====
{{ja-noun|む}}

# [[nothing]], [[nothingness]]
# {{lb|ja|Buddhism}} [[mu]]; the [[null set]]: neither yes nor no (in response to a [[koan]] or other question that mistakenly assumes an affirmative or negative answer).

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|en|mu|bor=1}}

====Prefix====
{{ja-pos|prefix|む}}

# [[non-]], [[un-]]

===Etymology 2===
{{ja-kanjitab|ぶ|y=kanon}}
From {{der|ja|ltc|無|tr=bu|sort=ぶ}}. The {{m|ja|漢音|tr=kan'on}}, so likely a later borrowing.

====Prefix====
{{ja-pos|prefix|ぶ}}

# [[non-]], [[un-]]

===References===
<references/>

==Korean==

===Alternative forms===
[[File:Eopseul mu yakja.png|thumb|{{w|Yakja}} ([[略字#Korean|略字]], simplified cursive) form of 無.]]
* {{alter|ko|无}}

===Etymology===
From {{der|ko|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|無}}. {{hanja-sinjeung|무|mwu}}

===Pronunciation===
{{ko-hanja-pron|무}}

===Hanja===
{{ko-hanja-search}}
{{ko-hanja|없다|없을|무}}

# {{hanja form of|무|[[nothing]]}}
# {{hanja form of|무|[[no]]; [[non]]}}
# {{hanja form of|무|{{q|Buddhism}} the [[null set]]: neither yes nor no (in response to a [[koan]] or a question that mistakenly assumes an affirmative or negative answer)}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top|Compounds}}
{{ko-l/multi|data=
* {{ko-l/args|무기|[[inorganic]]|無機}}
* {{ko-l/args|무력|[[powerlessness]]|無力}}
* {{ko-l/args|무명|[[nameless]], [[anonymous]], [[unsigned]]; [[anonymity]]|無名}}
* {{ko-l/args|무식|[[ignorance]]|無識}}
* {{ko-l/args|무용|[[futility]]; [[uselessness]]|無用}}
* {{ko-l/args|무용지물|[[useless]] [[thing]]; a [[fifth wheel]]|無用之物}}
* {{ko-l/args|무의식|[[unconsciousness]]|無意識}}
* {{ko-l/args|무인도|[[uninhabited]] [[island]]|無人島}}
* {{ko-l/args|무적|[[invincibility]], [[matchlessness]]|無敵}}
* {{ko-l/args|무척추|[[invertebracy]]|無脊椎}}
* {{ko-l/args|무한|[[infinity]]|無限}}
}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:hanjadoc|6763}}

==Vietnamese==

===Han character===
{{vi-readings|rs=火08
|hanviet=vô-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet, mô-tdcntd
|phienthiet=
|nom=vô-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd, mô-tdcntd;btcn;bonet
}}

# {{vi-Han form of|vô|[[without]]; [[-less]]; [[un-]]}}

====Compounds====
{{der-top3}}
* {{vi-l|hữu danh vô thực|有名無實|}}
* {{vi-l|hữu dũng vô mưu|有勇無謀|}}
* {{vi-l|vô biên|無邊|}}
* {{vi-l|vô bổ|無補|}}
* {{vi-l|vô cảm|無感|}}
* {{vi-l|vô can|無干|}}
* {{vi-l|vô danh tiểu tốt|無名小卒|}}
* {{vi-l|vô địch|無敵|}}
* {{vi-l|vô độ|無度|}}
* {{vi-l|vô dụng|無用|}}
* {{vi-l|vô duyên|無緣|}}
* {{vi-l|vô giá|無價|}}
* {{vi-l|vô hại|無害|}}
* {{vi-l|vô hiệu|無效|}}
* {{vi-l|vô hình trung|無形中|}}
* {{vi-l|vô ý|無意|}}
* {{vi-l|vô ích|無益|}}
* {{vi-l|vô lại|無賴|}}
* {{vi-l|vô lễ|無禮|}}
* {{vi-l|vô lý|無理|}}
* {{vi-l|vô loại|無類|}}
* {{vi-l|vô lương|無良|}}
* {{vi-l|vô mưu|無謀|}}
* {{vi-l|vô ngã|無我|}}
* {{vi-l|vô nghĩa|無義|}}
* {{vi-l|vô ơn|無恩|}}
* {{vi-l|vô pháp vô thiên|無法無天|}}
* {{vi-l|vô sinh|無生|}}
* {{vi-l|vô số|無數|}}
* {{vi-l|vô song|無雙|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tận|無盡|}}
* {{vi-l|vô thưởng vô phạt|無賞無罰|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tiền khoáng hậu|無前曠後|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tính|無性|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tình|無情|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tội|無罪|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tri vô giác|無知無覺|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tư|無私|}}
* {{vi-l|vô tuyến|無線|}}
* {{vi-l|vô vi|無為|}}
* {{vi-l|bình an vô sự|平安無事|}}
* {{vi-l|đại sự hoá tiểu, tiểu sự hoá vô|大事化小，小事化無|}}
* {{vi-l|nhất nam viết hữu, thập nữ viết vô|一男曰有，十女曰無|}}
{{der-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>