View source for ach

{{also|ACH|aćh|-ach|ách|ạch}}
==Translingual==

===Symbol===
{{mul-symbol}}

# {{ISO 639|2&3}}

==English==

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|en|enm|ache}}, from {{der|en|fro|ache}}, from {{der|en|la|apium|t=parsley}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|en|ache}}

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|en|/æt͡ʃ/}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ach.wav|a=Southern England}}

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete}} Any of several species of plants, such as [[smallage]], wild [[celery]], [[parsley]].

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|en|lovage}}
* {{l|en|smallage}}

===Etymology 2===

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|en|/æx/|/ɑx/|/əx/}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-ach.wav|a=Southern England}}

====Interjection====
{{en-intj}}

# {{n-g|An expression of [[annoyance]].}}
#* {{quote-book|1=en|year=1958|year_published=1972|author=w:Anthony Burgess|title=The Enemy in the Blanket|series=The Malayan Trilogy|page=|passage="'''Ach'''." Auntie frowned hugely. "That is all nonsense."}}
# {{n-g|An expression of [[woe]] or [[regret]].}}
# {{alt form|en|och}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=ach|-cha|CAH|CHA|Cha|HAC|HCA|cah|cha}}

{{cln|en|terms with /x/|three-letter words}}
{{C|en|Celery family plants}}

==Central Franconian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|gmw-cfr|aacht||Moselle Franconian}}
* {{alter|gmw-cfr|aach||Ripuarian}}

===Etymology===
From {{inh|gmw-cfr|gmh|ahte}}, from {{inh|gmw-cfr|goh|ahto}}, from {{inh|gmw-cfr|gmw-pro|*ahtō}}, from {{inh|gmw-cfr|gem-pro|*ahtōu}}, from {{inh|gmw-cfr|ine-pro|*oḱtṓw}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gmw-cfr|/ɑx/}}

===Numeral===
{{head|gmw-cfr|numeral}}

# {{lb|gmw-cfr|Limburgan-Ripuarian Transitional Dialects}} [[eight]] {{gloss|numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or ''describing a set with eight elements''}}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|gmw-cfr|Ach}}
* {{l|gmw-cfr|achmoal}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|gmw-cfr|achtsieg}}
* {{l|gmw-cfr|achtsing}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:gmw-cfr:DNKD}}

==Chuukese==

===Determiner===
{{head|chk|determiner}}

# First-person plural inclusive general possessive; [[our]] (''inclusive'')

====Related terms====
{{chk-possessive determiners}}

==Cimbrian==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|cim|òich||plural ''you'' only}}

===Etymology===
{{rfe|cim}}

===Pronoun===
{{head|cim|pronoun form}} <!--/ax/-->

# {{lb|cim|7}} {{inflection of|cim|iart||acc}}: [[you]] {{gloss|plural; polite singular}}

===See also===
{{cim-decl-personal pronouns}}

===References===
* {{R:Martalar1974}}

==Dutch==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|nl|/ɑx/}}
* {{audio|nl|Nl-ach.ogg}}
* {{hyphenation|nl|ach}}
* {{rhymes|nl|ɑx|s=1}}

===Interjection===
{{head|nl|interjection}}

# [[oh]], {{ng|expresses compassion, surprise and dismay}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|af|ag}}
* {{desc|pap|ag|bor=1}}
* {{desctree|pea|ach|bor=1}}

==Esperanto==

===Interjection===
{{head|eo|interjection}}

# {{eo-spel}}

==German==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|de|gmh|ach}}, from {{inh|de|goh|ah}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|de|/ax/}}
* {{audio|de|De-ach.ogg}}
* {{rhymes|de|ax|s=1}}

===Interjection===
{{head|de|interjection}}

# [[oh]], [[alas]] {{gloss|expressing surprise, sorrow, or understanding}}
#* {{RQ:Goethe Faust|scene=Vor dem Thor|passage=Zwey Seelen wohnen, '''ach!''' in meiner Brust, / Die eine will sich von der andern trennen;|t=Two souls, '''alas!''' reside within my breast, / And each withdraws from, and repels, its brother.|translator=Bayard Taylor|translation_year=1870}}
# [[oh]] {{gloss|preceding an offhand or annoyed remark}}
# [[oh]] {{gloss|preceding an invocation or address, but rarely a solemn one}}

====Derived terms====
{{der4
|de|ach du liebe Güte
|ach du lieber Gott
|ach je
|ächzen
}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|da|ah}}
** {{desc|nb|ah|a}}
* {{desc|yi|אַך}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:Duden}}
* {{R:Kluge 1891|ach}}
* {{R:DWDS}}

==Irish==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|ga|/ɑx/|a=Munster,Aran}}
* {{IPA|ga|/ax/|a=Connemara,Mayo,Ulster}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|ga|sga|acht|t=but, except}}, from {{inh|ga|cel-pro|*extos}}, from {{inh|ga|ine-pro|*h₁eǵʰs}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|ga|acht||obsolete}}

====Conjunction====
{{head|ga|conjunction}}

# [[but]]

====Preposition====
{{ga-prep|n|-}}

# [[except]], [[but]]

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|ga|ach oiread|t=as well}} {{qualifier|after a negative}}

====Adverb====
{{head|ga|adverb}}

# [[but]], [[only]], [[merely]]

===Etymology 2===
{{onomatopoeic|ga}}.

====Alternative forms====
* {{alter|ga|ách}}

====Interjection====
{{head|ga|interjection|head=ach!}}

# [[ah]]! [[och]]! [[ugh]]!

===Further reading===
* {{R:ga:Ó Dónaill}}
* {{R:DIL|200|head=acht}}
* {{R:ga:EID}}
* {{R:ga:NEID}}

==Kashubian==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|csb|sla-pro|*axъ}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{csb-pr}}

===Interjection===
{{head|csb|interjection}}

# [[ah]]! {{ng|expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:csb:SJP1893|aχ!|2}}
* {{R:csb:Sychta:1967|aχ!|3|1}}
* {{R:csb:Trepczyk:1994|ach!}}
* {{R:csb:SPK|ach!}}
* {{R:csb:ISKJ|ach!|55}}

==Lithuanian==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|lt|zlw-opl|ach}}.

===Interjection===
{{head|lt|interjection}} {{lb|lt|archaic}}

# [[o]] {{q|used to address someone or a group}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:lt:Smoczynski|entry=ach|page=4}}

==Middle Low German==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gml|/ɑx/|[ax]|[ɑχ]}}

===Interjection===
{{head|gml|interjection}}

# [[oh]] {{gloss|an expression of grievance or displeasure}}

==North Frisian==

===Etymology===
From {{inh|frr|ofs|achta}}. Compare {{cog|fy|acht}}.

===Numeral===
{{head|frr|numeral|cat2=cardinal numbers}}

# {{lb|frr|Helgoland}} {{l|en|eight}}

==Old Polish==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|zlw-opl|sla-pro|*axъ}}. {{etydate|14th century}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{zlw-opl-IPA|ach}}

===Interjection===
{{head|zlw-opl|interjection}}

# {{lb|zlw-opl|attested in|Silesia}} [[ah]]! {{ng|expresses surprise}}
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:Zab|315|End of the 15th century|'''Ach''' boze moy, pomozy my|'''Ach''' Boże moj, pomoży mi|-}}
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:Zab|514|Middle of the 15th century|'''Ach''' nyestocze proch dolor|'''Ach''' niestocie proch dolor|-}}
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:PF|III|289|End of the 15th century|'''Ach''' gelacze heu|'''Ach''' jełacie heu|-}}
#* {{RQ:zlw-opl:Rozm|56|Takoż płakał rzekąc: '''Ach''' mnie nędznemu|Takoż płakał rzekąc: '''Ach''' mnie nędznemu|-}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|pl|ach}}
* {{desc|szl|ach}}
* {{desc|lt|ach|bor=1}}

===References===
* {{R:pl:Boryś}}
* {{R:pl:Sławski}}
* {{R:zlw-opl:SPJSP}}

==Peranakan Indonesian==

===Etymology===
{{bor+|pea|nl|ach|t=oh}}.

===Interjection===
{{head|pea|interjection}}

# [[oh]], {{non-gloss|expresses compassion, surprise and dismay}}
#: {{uxi|pea|'''Ach''', ia laen tida minta doeit.|t=|ref=<ref>{{cite-book|pea|author=Kwee Hing Tjiat|title=Doea Kapala Batoe|trans-title=Two Hardheaded (Persons)|page=10|year=1921|publisher=Nauer & Dimmick}}</ref>}}

====Descendants====
* {{desc|id|ah|unc=1}}

===References===
<references/>

==Polish==

===Etymology===
{{dercat|pl|sla-pro|inh=1}}
{{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|ach}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{pl-pr|a=Pl-ach.ogg;LL-Q809 (pol)-Olaf-ach.wav|mp=*ach,*ách|ost=#|war=#|mas=#}}

===Interjection===
{{head|pl|interjection}}

# [[ah]]! {{ng|expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding}}
#: {{syn|pl|och|ojej|ależ}}

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|pl|title=adjective|ach i och}}
{{col-auto|pl|title=interjections|achcie<q:Middle Polish>|achcież<q:Middle Polish>}}
{{col-auto|pl|title=noun|achy i ochy}}
{{pl-derived verbs|achać/achnąć|impf_first=1}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:pl:WSJP||49415}}
* {{R:pl:PWN}}
* {{R:pl:SXVI|ach, ah|5185}}
* {{R:pl:SXVII|ACH|2004|KS|08.06.2022}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1807||volume=1|pages=3-4}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1861}}
* {{R:pl:SJP1900||6|1}}
* {{R:pl:SgOWiM||112-113|1}}

==Scots==

===Etymology===
In imitation of a cry.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|sco|/ɑx/}}

===Interjection===
{{head|sco|intj}}

# An [[exclamation]] of [[impatience]], [[disappointment]], [[contempt]], [[remonstrance]].
# expression of [[satisfaction]] or [[pleasure]].

===References===
* {{R:DSL|pos=int}}

==Scottish Gaelic==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|gd|/ax/}}
* {{IPA|gd|[ɑx]|a=Skye}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|gd|sga|acht||but, except}}, from {{inh|gd|cel-pro|*extos}}, from {{inh|gd|ine-pro|[[*h₁eǵʰs|*h₁eǵʰs-tos]]}}.

====Conjunction====
{{head|gd|conjunction}}

# [[but]]
#: {{ux|gd|Thèid mise '''ach''' cha tèid thusa.|inline=1|I'll go '''but''' you won't [go].}}
# [[except]], [[only]]
#: {{ux|gd|Cha robh ann '''ach''' trì daoine.|inline=1|There were '''only''' three people (literally "there was not there but/except for three people").}}

===Etymology 2===
Shortened form of {{m|gd|feuch}}.

====Conjunction====
{{head|gd|conjunction}}

# [[so that]]
#: {{ux|gd|Dh'aontaich e '''ach''' am biodh adhartas air choireigin ann.|inline=1|He agreed '''so that''' there would be some progress.}}

===References===
* {{R:DIL|200|head=acht}}

==Silesian==

===Etymology===
{{dercat|szl|sla-pro|inh=1}}
{{inh+|szl|zlw-opl|ach}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{szl-pr}}

===Interjection===
{{head|szl|interjection}}

# [[ah]]! {{ng|expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:szl:silling}}
* {{R:szl:ZPJŚ|+|61}}
* {{R:szl:Wencel:2023|ach!|7}}

==Slovincian==

===Etymology===
{{inh+|zlw-slv|sla-pro|*axъ}}.

===Pronunciation===
{{zlw-slv-pr}}

===Interjection===
{{head|zlw-slv|interjection}}

# [[ah]]! {{ng|expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding}}

===Further reading===
* {{R:zlw-slv:SW|ãχ!|2}}

==Temascaltepec Nahuatl==

===Adverb===
{{head|nhv|adverb}}

# [[maybe]]

==Welsh==

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*akkā}}, from {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*h₂ekkeh₂}} (compare {{cog|la|Acca|Acca (Larentia)}}, a Roman goddess, Ancient Greek {{m|grc|Ἀκκώ||nurse of Demeter}}, Sanskrit {{m|sa|अक्का||mother}}).

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|cy|/aːχ/}}
* {{rhymes|cy|aːχ}}

====Noun====
{{cy-noun|f|achau|pl2=achoedd}}

# [[kinship]]
# [[pedigree]], [[ancestry]]
# {{lb|cy|in the plural}} [[lineage]]
# {{lb|cy|in the plural}} [[genealogy]], family [[roots]]

=====Derived terms=====
* {{l|cy|achres||genealogical table}}
* {{l|cy|achydd||genealogist}}
* {{l|cy|achyddiaeth||genealogy}}
* {{l|cy|achyddol||genealogical}}
* {{l|cy|ers achau||for ages}}

===Etymology 2===

====Alternative forms====
{{alter|cy|och|ych}}

====Pronunciation====
* {{IPA|cy|/aχ/}}

====Interjection====
{{head|cy|interjection}}

# [[yuck]]

=====Derived terms=====
{{l|cy|ach-y-fi}}

===Mutation===
{{cy-mut}}

===References===
* {{R:cy:GPC}}