View source for envy

==English==

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*weyd-}}
From {{inh|en|enm|envie}}, from {{der|en|fro|envie}}, from {{der|en|la|invidia||envy}}, from {{m|la|invidere||to look at with malice}}, from {{m|la|in-||on, upon}} + {{m|la|videre||to look, see}}. {{doublet|en|envie}}. Cognate to {{cog|sla-pro|*zavistь||envy}}.

Displaced native {{noncog|ang|æfest}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/ˈɛnvi/}}
* {{audio|en|En-uk-envy.ogg|a=UK}}
* {{audio|en|En-us-envy.ogg|a=US}}
* {{rhymes|en|ɛnvi|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|~}}

# [[resentful|Resentful]] desire of something possessed by another or others (but not limited to material possessions). {{defdate|from 13th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Milton Paradise Lost|line=263–264|passage=No bliss enjoyed by us excites his '''envy''' more.|year=1873}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1804|author=w:Alexander Pope|title=The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope|page=71
|passage='''Envy''', to which the ignoble mind's a slave, <br> Is emulation in the learned or brave.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1914|author=w:Louis Joseph Vance|title=Nobody|page=9
|passage=distilling therefrom an acid '''envy''' that robbed her napoleon of all its savour.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1983|author=w:Stanley Rosen|title=Plato's Sophist: The Drama of Original and Image|page=66
|passage=Theodorus assures Socrates that no '''envy''' will prevent the Stranger from responding}}
# An object of envious notice or feeling.
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1843|author={{w|Thomas Babington Macaulay, 1st Baron Macaulay|Thomas Macaulay}}|title=Critical and Miscellaneous Essays|publisher=w:Carey & Hart|page=277
|passage=This constitution in former days used to be the '''envy''' of the world[.]}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=2008|author=w:Lich King (band)|chapter=Black Metal Sucks|title=Toxic Zombie Onslaught
|passage=Blacke Foryst of Despayr, taking photos of the band <br> Put 'em up on Myspace you're the '''envy''' of the land}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} [[hatred|Hatred]], [[enmity]], ill-feeling. {{defdate|14th–18th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Mlry MrtDrthr|12.52|2|X|lij|passage=Syre said laūcelot vnto Arthur by this crye that ye haue made ye wyll put vs that ben aboute yow in grete Ieopardy <br> for there be many Knyghtes that haue grete '''enuye''' to vs <br> therfore whan we shal mete at the daye of Iustes there wille be hard skyfte amonge vs}}
<!--#*:‘Sir,’ seyde Sir Launcelot unto Kynge Arthur, ‘by this cry that ye have made ye woll put us that bene aboute you in grete jouparté, for there be many knyghtes that hath '''envy''' to us{{nb...}}.’-->
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1598|author=w:William Shakespeare|title=w:Henry IV, Part 1|passage=But let me tell the World, <br> If he out-liue the '''enuie''' of this day, <br> England did neuer owe so sweet a hope, <br> So much misconstrued in his Wantonnesse.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} Emulation; rivalry.
#* '''c. 1631-1636''', {{w|John Ford}}, ''The Fancies Chaste and Noble''
#*: Such as cleanliness and decency <br> Prompt to a virtuous '''envy'''.
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} Public odium; ill repute.
#* {{RQ:Jonson Catiline|passage=to lay the '''envy''' of the war upon Cicero}}
# A red-skinned variety of [[eating apple]].

====Antonyms====
* {{l|en|kindness}}

====Derived terms====
{{der2|en|boob envy|politics of envy|breast envy|class envy|envy-free|feature envy|foreskin envy|green with envy|penis envy|vagina envy|womb envy|envious|physics envy|gender envy|social envy}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|resentful desire of something possessed by another}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|zili|f}}, {{t+|sq|smirë|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|حَسَد|m}}
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|حسد|m|tr=ḥasad}}
*: South Levantine Arabic: {{t|ajp|حسد|tr=ḥasaḍ}}, {{t|ajp|غيرة|tr=ḡēre}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|նախանձ}}
* Asturian: {{t|ast|enveya|f}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t+|az|həsəd}}, {{t+|az|paxıllıq}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|за́йздрасць|f}}, {{t|be|за́вісць|f}}
* Bhojpuri: {{t|bho|ईर्ष्या}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|за́вист|f}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|enveja|f}}
* Cherokee: {{t|chr|ᎠᏓᏛᏳᏤᎯ}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|妒嫉}}, {{t+|cmn|羨慕}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|závist|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|misundelse}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|afgunst|f}}, {{t+|nl|nijd|m|alt=nĳd}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|envio}}
* Estonian: {{t|et|kadedus}}
* Farefare: {{t|gur|sũkiire}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|øvundsjúka|f}}, {{t|fo|øvund|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kateus}}
* French: {{t+|fr|envie|f}}, {{t+|fr|jalousie|f}}, {{t+|fr|convoitise|f}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|envexa|f}}
* Georgian: {{t+|ka|შური}}
* German: {{t+|de|Neid|m}}, {{t+|de|Abgunst|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|φθόνος|m}}, {{t+|el|ζηλεύω}}
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|ζῆλος|m}}, {{t|grc|φθόνος|m}}
* Hausa: {{t+|ha|hassada|f|alt=hassadā̀}}
* Hebrew: {{t+|he|קִנְאָה|f|tr=kin'a}}
* Hindi: {{t+|hi|ईर्ष्या|f}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|irigység}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|dengki}}, {{t+|id|cemburu}}, {{t+|id|iri}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|formad|m}}
*: Old Irish: {{t|sga|format|n}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|invidia|f}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|嫉妬|tr=しっと, shitto}}, {{t+|ja|ねたみ|tr=netami}}
* Javanese: {{t|jv|iri}}
* Kapampangan: {{t|pam|rirya}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ប្រចណ្ឌ}}, {{t+|km|ឥច្ឆា}}, {{t+|km|ឥស្សា}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|부러움}}, {{t+|ko|질투(嫉妬)}}
* Latin: {{t|la|invidia|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|skaudība|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|pavỹdas|m}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|завист|f}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tarahae}}, {{t|mi|harawene}}, {{t|mi|pūhaehae}}, {{t|mi|wenerau}}, {{t|mi|pūngaengae}}
* Middle English: {{t|enm|envie}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|oochʼį́į́d}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t+|nb|misunnelse|m}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|misunning|f}}, {{t|nn|avund|f}}
* Occitan: {{t+|oc|enveja|f}}
* Old Church Slavonic:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|cu|зависть|f}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|æfest|m}}
* Old Galician-Portuguese: {{t|roa-opt|enveja|f}}
* Old Norse: {{t|non|ǫfund}}
* Oromo: {{t|om|hinaaffii}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|حسادت|tr=hasâdat}}, {{t+|fa|حسد|tr=hasad}}, {{t+|fa|رشک|tr=rašk}}
* Plautdietsch: {{t|pdt|Aufgonst|f}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|zazdrość|f}}, {{t+|pl|zawiść|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|inveja|f}}, {{t+|pt|ciumes|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|invidie|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|за́висть|f}}
* Sanskrit: {{t+|sa|ईर्षा|f}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|farmad|m}}, {{t|gd|eud|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|за́вист|f}}, {{t|sh|љубо̀мора|f}}, {{t|sh|ја̑л|m}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|závist|f}}, {{t+|sh|ljubòmora|f}}, {{t+|sh|jȃl|m}}
* Silesian: {{t|szl|zŏwiść|f}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|závisť|f}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|zavist|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|envidia|f}}, {{t+|es|pelusa|f}} {{qualifier|Spain, colloquial}}
* Swahili: {{t+|sw|wivu}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|avund|c}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|inggit}}
* Tajik: {{t+|tg|ҳасад}}, {{t+|tg|рашк}}
* Tarifit: {{t|rif|tusmin|f-p}}
* Telugu: {{t+|te|ఈర్ష్య}}, {{t+|te|ఈసు}}, {{t+|te|అసూయ}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ความริษยา}}, {{t+|th|ความอิจฉา}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|kıskançlık}}, {{t+|tr|haset}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|за́здрість|f}}, {{t|uk|за́висть|f}}
* Uzbek: {{t+|uz|hasad}}, {{t+|uz|rashk}}
* Welsh: {{t|cy|eiddigedd|m}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|peğiley|c}}, {{t|zza|haset|c}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive}} To feel displeasure or hatred towards (someone) for their good fortune or possessions. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#* {{quote-web
|en
|date=September 20, 2018
|author=Hyonhee Shin; Joyce Lee; Soyoung Kim; Haejin Choi; Pyongyang Press Corps.
|title=Fulfilling a dream, South Korea's Moon visits sacred North Korean mountain with Kim
|editor=Lincoln Feast
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181113192329/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-southkorea-summit-mountain-idUSKCN1M006F
|archivedate=13 November 2018
|work=w:Reuters
|section=World News
|url2=https://archive.ph/SrpPP
|text=Moon and Kim took a cable car together to Heaven Lake, a caldera at the top of the mountain, and walked around the area with their wives and officials from both sides.<br>Pictures showed Moon and Kim smiling and posing with their wives, and Moon filling a bottle with water from the lake.<br>“The Chinese '''envy''' us because they can’t go down to the lake from their side but we can,” Kim said.<br>“We should write another chapter of history between the North and the South by reflecting our new history on this Heaven Lake.”}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[resentfully]] or [[discontentedly]] [[desire]] (something someone else has that one lacks).
# {{lb|en|obsolete|intransitive}} To have [[envious]] feelings (at). {{defdate|15th|18th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Burton Melancholy|edition=2nd|part=II|section=3|member=3|passage=I do not '''envy''' at their wealth, titles, offices;{{...}}let me live quiet and at ease.}}
#* {{RQ:Taylor Holy Living|passage=Who '''envy''' at the prosperity of the wicked?}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete|transitive}} To give (something) to (someone) [[grudgingly]] or [[reluctantly]]; to [[begrudge]]. {{defdate|16th–18th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Spenser Faerie Queene|III|v|passage=But that sweet Cordiall, which can restore <br> A loue-sick hart, she did to him '''enuy'''{{nb...}}.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} To show [[malice]] or ill will; to [[rail]].
#* {{RQ:Shakespeare Coriolanus|III|iii|passage=He has{{...}}'''envied''' against the people.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} To do harm to; to injure; to disparage.
#* {{RQ:Beaumont Fletcher Comedies and Tragedies|The Pilgrim|passage=If I make a lie <br> To gain your love and '''envy''' my best mistress, <br> Put me against a wall.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} To hate.
#* {{RQ:Marlowe Jew of Malta|passage=Both jealous of my love, '''envied''' each other}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} To [[emulate]].
#* {{RQ:Spenser Faerie Queene|3|1|passage=Let later age that noble vse '''enuie''',<br>Vile rancour to auoid, and cruell surquedrie}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|to feel displeasure towards (someone) because of their good fortune, possessions}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|resë}}, {{t+|sq|smirë|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|حَسَدَ}}
*: Egyptian Arabic: {{t|arz|حسد|tr=ḥasad}}
* Armenian: {{t+|hy|նախանձել}}
* Bau Bidayuh: {{t|sne|bidoki}}
* Belarusian: {{t|be|зайздро́сціць|impf}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|зави́ждам|impf|sc=Cyrl}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|envejar}}
* Cebuano: {{t|ceb|sina}}, {{t|ceb|suya}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|羡慕|tr=xiànmù}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|závidět|impf}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|benijden}}, {{t|nl|afgunstig zijn}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|envii}}
* Faroese: {{t|fo|øvunda}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kadehtia}}
* French: {{t+|fr|envier}}
* Galician: {{t+|gl|envexar}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|შეშურება}}
* German: {{t+|de|beneiden}}
* Greek:
*: Ancient: {{t|grc|φθονέω}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|irigyel}}
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|cemburu}}
* Irish:
*: Old Irish: {{t|sga|formuinethar|alt=for·muinethar}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|invidiare}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|羨む|tr=うらやむ, urayamu}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|қызғану|sc=Cyrl}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|부럽다}}
* Latin: {{t|la|invideō}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|завидува|impf}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|kōhaehae}}
* Middle English: {{t|enm|envien}}
* Old English: {{t|ang|æfestegian}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|حسادت ورزیدن}}, {{t|fa|رشک ورزیدن|tr=rašk varzidan}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|zazdrościć|impf}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|invejar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|invidia}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|зави́довать|impf}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|завидети|impf|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|sh|завидјети|impf|sc=Cyrl}}
*: Roman: {{t|sh|zavideti|impf}}, {{t+|sh|zavidjeti|impf}}
* Slovak: {{t|sk|závidieť|impf}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|zavidati|impf}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|envidiar}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|avundas}}
* Tamil: {{t+|ta|பொறாமை}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|ริษยา}}, {{t+|th|อิจฉา}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|kıskanmak}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|за́здрити|impf}}
* Zazaki: {{t|zza|peğil biyen}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=envy|veny}}

{{C|en|Apple cultivars}}
{{cln|en|abstract nouns}}
{{C|en|Emotions}}

==Middle English==

===Noun===
{{head|enm|noun}}

# {{alt form|enm|envie}}