Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hairaz: difference between revisions
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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{{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-}} |
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From {{ |
From {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*(s)ḱeh₃-||grey, dark}}. Cognate with {{cog|sga|ciar|cīar|dark}}, probably {{cog|sla-pro|*śěrъ||gray}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{IPA| |
* {{IPA|gem-pro|/ˈxɑi̯.rɑz/}} |
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===Adjective=== |
===Adjective=== |
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{{gem-adj}} |
{{gem-adj}}<ref>{{R:gem:EDPG|*haira-|201}}</ref> |
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# [[grey]] |
# [[grey]] |
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# {{lb|gem-pro|figurative}} [[aged]]; [[old]]; [[lofty]]; [[distinguished]] |
# {{lb|gem-pro|figurative}} [[aged]]; [[old]]; [[lofty]]; [[distinguished]] |
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==== |
====Inflection==== |
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{{gem-decl-adj-a|hair}} |
{{gem-decl-adj-a|hair}} |
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====Descendants==== |
====Descendants==== |
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* {{desctree|gmw-pro|*hair}} |
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* Old English: {{l|ang|hār}} |
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* {{desctree|non|hárr}} |
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** Scots: {{l|sco|hare}}, {{l|sco|hair}} |
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* {{desc|roa-opt|herru|bor=1}} |
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** English: {{l|en|hoar}} |
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* Old Frisian: {{l|ofs|hēr}} |
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===References=== |
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* Old Saxon: {{l|osx|hēr}} |
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<references /> |
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** Middle Low German: {{l|gml|hære|hǣre}} |
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* Old Dutch: {{l|odt|hēr}} |
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{{topics|gem-pro|Colors}} |
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** Middle Dutch: {{l|dum|heer}}, {{l|dum|herlic}} |
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*** Dutch: {{l|nl|heerlijk}} |
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====See also==== |
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* Old High German: {{l|goh|hēr|gloss=noble, venerable}} |
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{{table:colors/gem-pro}} |
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** Middle High German: {{l|gmh|hēr}} |
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*** German: {{l|de|hehr}} |
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** Old High German: {{l|goh|hēriro}}, {{l|goh|hērro}} ("lord", from comparative form) |
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*** Middle High German: {{l|gmh|herre}} |
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**** German: {{l|de|Herr}} |
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*** Old Saxon: {{l|osx|hērro}} |
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**** Middle Low German: {{l|gml|hēre}} |
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**** Old English: {{l|ang|hearra}} |
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**** Old Frisian: {{l|ofs|hēra}} |
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***** Saterland Frisian: {{l|stq|Heer}} |
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***** West Frisian: {{l|fy|hear}} |
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**** Old Norse: {{l|non|herri}}, {{l|non|herra}} |
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***** Icelandic: {{l|is|herra}} (obsolete: {{l|is|herri}}) |
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***** Faroese: {{l|fo|harra}}, {{l|fo|harri}} |
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***** Norwegian: {{l|no|herre}} |
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***** Swedish: {{l|sv|herre}} |
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***** Danish: {{l|da|herre}} |
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***** Gutnish: {{l|gmq-gut|herre}} |
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***** Finnish: {{l|fi|herra}} |
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*** Old Dutch: {{l|odt|hērro}}, {{l|odt|hēro}} |
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**** Middle Dutch: {{l|dum|here}} |
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***** Dutch: {{l|nl|heer}} |
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* Old Norse: {{l|non|hárr}}, {{l|non|hǽrr}} |
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** Old Danish: {{l|da|hǫr}} |
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Revision as of 01:32, 14 April 2024
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃- (“grey, dark”). Cognate with Old Irish cīar (“dark”), probably Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
*hairaz[1]
- grey
- (figurative) aged; old; lofty; distinguished
Inflection
Declension of *hairaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *hairaz | *hairai | *hairō | *hairôz | *hairą, -atō | *hairō |
| Accusative | *hairanǭ | *hairanz | *hairǭ | *hairōz | *hairą, -atō | *hairō |
| Genitive | *hairas, -is | *hairaizǫ̂ | *hairaizōz | *hairaizǫ̂ | *hairas, -is | *hairaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *hairammai | *hairaimaz | *hairaizōi | *hairaimaz | *hairammai | *hairaimaz |
| Instrumental | *hairanō | *hairaimiz | *hairaizō | *hairaimiz | *hairanō | *hairaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *hairô | *hairaniz | *hairǭ | *hairōniz | *hairô | *hairōnō |
| Accusative | *hairanų | *hairanunz | *hairōnų | *hairōnunz | *hairô | *hairōnō |
| Genitive | *hairiniz | *hairanǫ̂ | *hairōniz | *hairōnǫ̂ | *hairiniz | *hairanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *hairini | *hairammaz | *hairōni | *hairōmaz | *hairini | *hairammaz |
| Instrumental | *hairinē | *hairammiz | *hairōnē | *hairōmiz | *hairinē | *hairammiz |
Descendants
References
See also
| *blaikaz, *blankaz, *hwītaz, *blasaz | *falwaz, *grēwaz, *haswaz, *grīsaz, *hairaz | *blakaz, *swartaz |
| *raudaz | *brūnaz, *erpaz, *dusnaz | *gelwaz, *gulaz |
| *grōniz | *grōniz | |
| *blēwaz | *blēwaz, *hēwijaz | |
| *blēwaz, *hēwijaz | *baswaz |