-stan: difference between revisions

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Go to previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Undo revision 53622802 by Okolo-basii (talk) not related here; city < PIE *ḱey- (through Latin), while those listed are < PIE *steh₂-
Tag: Undo
Rukhabot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,655,633 edits
m updating {{t}}/{{t+}}
 
(42 intermediate revisions by 29 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{also|stan|Stan|śtan|stán|ştan|stan'|-стан}}
{{also|stan|Stan|śtan|stán|ştan|stan'|-стан}}
==English==
==English==
{{tea room|en|y=2021|m=March}}
{{wikipedia}}
{{wikipedia}}


Line 7: Line 8:


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*steh₂-}}
From {{der|en|fa|ستان|ـستان|tr=-estān}}, from {{der|en|pal|-stʾn'|tr=-estān}}, from {{der|en|peo|𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴|ts=stāna}}, from {{der|en|ira-pro|*stáHnam}}, from {{der|en|iir-pro|*stʰáHnam}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*steh₂-||to stand}}.
From {{der|en|fa-cls|ـستان|tr=-istān}}, from {{der|en|pal|-stʾn'|tr=-estān}}, from {{der|en|peo|𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴|ts=stāna}}, from {{der|en|ira-pro|*stáHnam}}, from {{der|en|iir-pro|*stʰáHnam}}, from {{der|en|ine-pro|*steh₂-||to stand}}.


Compare {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀}}, {{cog|sa|स्थान|tr=sthā́na}}, {{cog|ru|стан}} (< {{cog|sla-pro|*stanъ}}), {{cog|en|stay}}, {{m|en|stand}}, {{m|en|state}}.
Compare {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀}}, {{cog|sa|स्थान|tr=sthā́na}}, {{cog|ru|стан}} (< {{cog|sla-pro|*stanъ}}), {{cog|en|stay}}, {{m|en|stand}}, {{m|en|state}}.
Line 14: Line 16:
{{head|en|suffix}}
{{head|en|suffix}}


# {{n-g|Used in the names of regions in the [[Middle East]] and [[Central Asia]] which were historically influenced by [[Persian]] and [[Turkic]] cultures.}}
# [[home]] of; [[place]] where one [[stay]]s; used especially in place names
# {{lb|en|often|humorous}} {{n-g|Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country.}}
#: {{suffixusex|en|absurd|-i-|-stan|Absurdistan}}
#: {{suffixusex|en|nerd|-i-|-stan|nerdistan}}
# {{lb|en|derogatory|ethnic slur}} {{n-g|Used after European and American place names to emphasize that there are many [[Middle Easterner]]s or [[Muslim]]s there.}}
#: {{suffixusex|en|London|-i-|-stan|Londonistan}}
#: {{suffixusex|en|Dearborn|-i-|-stan|Dearbornistan}}
#: {{suffixusex|en|Sweden|-i-|-stan|Swedistan}}


====Usage notes====
====Usage notes====
Line 30: Line 39:
|Hindustan
|Hindustan
|Kazakhstan
|Kazakhstan
|Karakalpakstan
|Khalistan
|Khalistan
|Khuzestan
|Kurdistan
|Kurdistan
|Kyrgyzstan
|Kyrgyzstan
|Lorestan
|Pakistan
|Pakistan
|Rajasthan
|Rajasthan
Line 43: Line 55:


====Translations====
====Translations====
{{trans-top|home of; place where one stays; used especially in place names}}
{{trans-top|used in actual place names}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|ـسْتَان}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|ـسْتَان}}
* Armenian: {{t|hy|-ստան}}
* Assamese: {{t|as|স্থান}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t|az|-istan}}, {{t|az|-stan}}
* Azerbaijani: {{t|az|-istan}}, {{t|az|-stan}}
* Bashkir: {{t|ba|-стан}}
* Bashkir: {{t|ba|-стан}}
Line 50: Line 64:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|-[[斯坦]]|tr=-sītǎn}}
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|-[[斯坦]]|tr=-sītǎn}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|-stán|m}}, {{t|cs|-istán|m}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|-stán|m}}, {{t|cs|-istán|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|-ujo}}, {{t|eo|-io}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|-ujo}}, {{t+|eo|-io}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|-stan}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|-stan}}
* German: {{t+|de|-stan|n}}
⚫
* Hindi: {{t|hi|-स्तान|m}} {{qualifier|connected with diacritic -i- after consonants}}
* Hebrew: {{t|he|־סטן|f|tr=-stan|alt=-סטן}}, {{t|he|־סתאן|f|tr=-stan|alt=-סתאן}}, {{t|he|־סטאן|f|tr=-stan|alt=-סטאן}}
⚫
* Hindi: {{t|hi|-स्तान|m}} {{qualifier|connected with diacritic -i- after consonants}}, {{t|hi|स्तान}}, {{t|hi|इस्तान}}, {{t+|hi|स्थान}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|-стан}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|-стан}}
* Khmer: {{t+|km|ស្ថាន}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t|ky|-стан}}
* Kyrgyz: {{t|ky|-стан}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|-stāna|f}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|-stanas|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|-stanas|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Middle Persian: {{t|pal|-stʾn'|tr=-estān}}
* Middle Persian: {{t|pal|-stʾn'|tr=-estān}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|ستان|tr=-(e)stân|alt=ـستان}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|ـستان|tr=-istan}}
* Persian: {{t|fa|ـستان|tr=-estân}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|-istão}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|-istão}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|-иста́н|m}}, {{t+|ru|-ста́н|m}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|-иста́н|m}}, {{t+|ru|-ста́н|m}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|-istán}}, {{t|es|-stán}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|-stan}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|-истон}}, {{t|tg|-стон}}
* Tajik: {{t|tg|-истон}}, {{t|tg|-стон}}
* Tamil: {{t|ta|-ஸ்தான்}}
* Tatar: {{t|tt|-стан}}
* Tatar: {{t|tt|-стан}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|สถาน}}
* Thai: {{t+|th|สถาน}}
Line 72: Line 93:


===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=anst|ASNT|Nast|Nats|Sant|Tans|Tsan|ants|nats|tans}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=anst|Tans|nats|ants|ASNT|tans|Nats|Tsan|NATs|NTAs|Sant|Nast}}


==Northern Kurdish==
----


==Kurdish==
===Pronunciation===
* {{kmr-IPA}}


===Suffix===
===Suffix===
{{head|kmr|suffix|g=f|cat2=noun-forming suffixes|Arabic spelling|f1sc=ku-Arab|ـستان}}
{{ku-suffix}}


# {{alternative form of|-istan|lang=ku}}
# {{altform|kmr|-istan}}

Latest revision as of 09:30, 30 August 2024

See also: stan, Stan, śtan, stán, ştan, stan', and -стан

English

[edit]
The Tea room(+) is discussing this entry at the moment.
Please come along and share your opinions on this and the other topics being discussed there.

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Classical Persian ـستان (-istān), from Middle Persian -stʾn' (-estān), from Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /⁠stāna⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *stáHnam, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *stʰáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).

Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna), Sanskrit स्थान (sthā́na), Russian стан (stan) (< Proto-Slavic *stanъ), English stay, stand, state.

Suffix

[edit]

-stan

  1. Used in the names of regions in the Middle East and Central Asia which were historically influenced by Persian and Turkic cultures.
  2. (often humorous) Used to form fictitious or metaphoric country names, often with a connotation of it being an exotic or hostile country.
    ‎absurd + ‎-i- + ‎-stan → ‎Absurdistan
    ‎nerd + ‎-i- + ‎-stan → ‎nerdistan
  3. (derogatory, ethnic slur) Used after European and American place names to emphasize that there are many Middle Easterners or Muslims there.
    ‎London + ‎-i- + ‎-stan → ‎Londonistan
    ‎Dearborn + ‎-i- + ‎-stan → ‎Dearbornistan
    ‎Sweden + ‎-i- + ‎-stan → ‎Swedistan

Usage notes

[edit]

Corresponding demonym usually formed by suffixing -i, yielding -stani. When the root is an ethnicity, the -stani form refers to the nationality, not ethnicity. Compare Tajik (“member of Tajik ethnic group”) and Tajikistani (“inhabitant of nation of Tajikistan”).

Derived terms

[edit]
English terms suffixed with -stan
[edit]

Translations

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Northern Kurdish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Suffix

[edit]

-stan f (Arabic spelling ـستان)

  1. Alternative form of -istan
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=-stan&oldid=81427687"