漸: difference between revisions

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Browse history interactively
← Go to previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
YS-Bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
142,150 edits
m r2.7.3) (Robot: Adding hu:漸
Tag: 2017 source edit
 
(44 intermediate revisions by 22 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{also|渐}}
{{also|渐}}
{{character info}}
==Translingual==
==Translingual==


===Han character===
===Han character===
{{Han char|rn=85|rad=水|as=11|sn=14|four=3212<sub>1</sub>|canj=水十十中 (EJJL)|ids=⿰[[氵]][[斬]]}}
{{Han char|rn=85|rad=水|as=11|sn=14|four=32121|canj=EJJL|ids=⿰氵斬}}


====Derived characters====
# [[gradually]]
* {{lang|mul|[[壍]]([[𰊢]]) [[嬱]] [[聻]]([[𫆏]]) [[䤔]] [[魙]]}}
# 53rd [[hexagram]] of the [[I Ching]]
* {{lang|mul|[[𡽻]] [[𦾶]]([[𬞋]]) [[𭟌]] [[𣋫]] [[𥜙]] [[𨮜]] [[𩉍]]([[𬰣]]) [[𩟗]]([[𫗚]])}}


====References====
====References====
* {{Han ref|kx=0647.140|dkj=18179|dj=1057.130|hdz=31717.030|uh=6F38|ud=28472|bh=BAA5|bd=47781}}
* {{Han ref|kx=0647.140|dkj=18179|dj=1057.130|hdz=31717.030|uh=6F38|ud=28472|bh=BAA5|bd=47781}}


==Chinese==
----


==Cantonese==
===Glyph origin===
{{Han etym}}
{{Han compound|水|alt1=氵|斬|ls=psc|c1=s|t1=water|c2=p}}.


===Hanzi===
===Etymology 1===
{{yue-hanzi|jyut=|y=jim1, jim6|sim=渐}}
{{zh-forms|s=渐}}
Compare {{cog|km|ជាំ||wet; soaked; steeped}} ({{zh-ref|Schuessler, 2007}}).


====Pronunciation 1====
# {{defn|lang=yue|sort=水11}}
{{zh-pron
|m=jiàn
|m-s=jian4
|c=zim6
|c-t=diam5
|g=qien5
|h=pfs=chhiam;gd=qiam4
|j=jie3
|mb=cīng
|md=ciêng
|mn=xm,zz,jj,tw:chiām/qz:chiǎm
|mn-t=ziam6
|w=sh:6zhi
|x=zienn4
|mc=2
|oc=2,2
|ma=
|cat=adv,n,v,prep,pn
}}


=====Definitions=====
----
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} {{w|Qiantang River}}
# {{†}} to [[advance]] gradually
#* {{zh-x|善 漸 於 惡{è}，惡{è} 化 於 善，成為{wéi} 性行|It is by the '''transition''' of virtue into wickedness and of wickedness into virtue that the characters are formed.|ref=Lunheng}}
# {{†}} [[gradual]] [[process]]
# {{†}} {{lb|zh|of an illness}} to [[aggravate]]; to [[worsen]]
# {{†}} to [[dredge]]; to [[open]] a [[path]]
# {{†}} [[omen]]
# {{†}} [[condition]]; [[prerequisite]]
# {{†}} [[sequence]]; [[order]]
# [[gradually]]
#* {{zh-x|滿 而 後 漸 者， 其 水 乎？|That which fills up and then flows out '''gradually''', is it not water?|ref=Fayan}}
# {{†}} [[just]] [[when]]
# {{†}} [[immediately]]; [[soon]] [[after]]
# {{†}} [[when]]; [[until]]
# 53rd [[hexagram]] of the [[I Ching]]
# {{surname|zh}}

=====Compounds=====
{{col3|zh|北漸|不漸|循序漸進|即漸|慎防杜漸|漸通人事|杜漸防萌|漸悟|杜漸防微|漸有起色|積裡漸裡|積漸|浸漸|漸進|漸漸|漸教|漸進法|漸漸之石|杜漸除微|漸近|漸趨式微|漸次|漸入佳境|漸至佳境|沉漸剛克|逐漸|防萌杜漸|西風東漸|鴻漸|防微杜漸|漸弱|漸快|漸慢|漸強}}

====Pronunciation 2====
{{zh-pron
|m=漸
|c=zim1
|c-t=diam1
|mc=1
|oc=1,1
|dial=n
|cat=v
}}

=====Definitions=====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{†}} to [[flow]] into
# {{†}} to [[bedew]]
# {{†}} to [[soak]]
# {{†}} to [[moisten]]
# {{†}} to [[influence]]
# {{†}} to [[cheat]]

=====Compounds=====
{{col3|zh|漸洳|日漸月染|西學東漸|東漸西被|東漸|漸染|蘭芷漸滫|遏漸防萌}}

===Etymology 2===
{{zh-see|潛|v}}

===Etymology 3===
{{zh-see|巉|v}}

===Etymology 4===
{{zh-forms|s=渐|alt=暫,佔}}
{{rfe|zh|Compare Hokkien {{zh-l|這站|tr=chit-chām|t=now}}.}}

====Pronunciation====
{{zh-pron
|mn-t=ziam2
|dial=n
|cat=adv
}}

====Definitions====
{{head|zh|hanzi}}

# {{lb|zh|Teochew}} [[just]]; [[just]] now

{{cat|cmn|Intermediate Mandarin}}


==Japanese==
==Japanese==
Line 27: Line 120:
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=水11}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=c|rs=水11}}


# {{defn|lang=ja|sort=水11}}
# {{rfdef|ja|sort=水11}}


====Readings====
====Readings====
{{ja-readings
* {{ja-readings|on=[[ぜん]] (zen), [[せん]] (sen), [[ざん]] (zan)|kun=[[すすむ]] (susumu), [[ようやく]] (youyaku)}}
|goon=せん, ぜん

|kanon=せん
----
|kanyoon=ぜん
|on=ざん
|kun=すす-む, ようや-く
}}


==Korean==
==Korean==
Line 39: Line 136:
{{ko-hanja|hangeul=[[점]], [[참]]|eumhun=|rv=jeom, cham|mr=chŏm, ch'am|y=cem, cham}}
{{ko-hanja|hangeul=[[점]], [[참]]|eumhun=|rv=jeom, cham|mr=chŏm, ch'am|y=cem, cham}}


# {{defn|lang=ko|sort=水11}}
# {{rfdef|ko|sort=水11}}

----

==Mandarin==

===Hanzi===
{{cmn-hanzi|sim=渐|pin=[[jiàn]] ([[jian4]])|wg=chien<sup>4</sup>}}

# {{defn|lang=cmn|sort=水11}}

----


==Vietnamese==
==Vietnamese==


===Han character===
===Han character===
{{vi-hantu|[[tiệm]], [[tràn]], [[tiêm]], [[tiềm]]|rs=水11}}
{{vi-readings|reading=tiệm, tràn, tiêm, tiềm|rs=水11}}

# {{defn|lang=vi|sort=水11}}


# {{rfdef|vi|sort=水11}}
[[fr:漸]]
[[ko:漸]]
[[hu:漸]]
[[ja:漸]]
[[pl:漸]]
[[zh:漸]]

Latest revision as of 13:06, 24 September 2024

See also: 渐
漸 U+6F38, &#28472;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F38
← 漷
[U+6F37] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 漹 →
[U+6F39]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

漸 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水十十中 (EJJL), four-corner 32121, composition ⿰氵斬)

Derived characters

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 647, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18179
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1057, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1717, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6F38

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Characters in the same phonetic series (斬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
慚 *zaːm
慙 *zaːm
鏨 *zaːm, *zaːmʔ, *zaːms, *zeːm, *zamʔ
槧 *zaːmʔ, *sʰam, *sʰams, *zamʔ
暫 *zaːms
蹔 *zaːms
斬 *ʔsreːmʔ
獑 *zeːm, *zaːm
嶃 *zreːmʔ, *zaːm
覱 *ʔsraːms
摲 *sʰraːms
漸 *ʔsam, *zamʔ
塹 *sʰams
壍 *sʰams
嬱 *sʰams
螹 *zam, *zamʔ
蔪 *zamʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsam, *zamʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 斬 (OC *ʔsreːmʔ).

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad. 漸
simp. 渐

Compare Khmer ជាំ (cŏəm, “wet; soaked; steeped”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 漸
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹/
Qingdao /t͡siã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sian³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡sã⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡sã²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕian¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕian¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡sien⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
Suzhou /ziɪ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹³/
Wenzhou /ji²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡siẽ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰiam⁵³/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰiɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sim²²/
Nanning /t͡sim²²/
Hong Kong /t͡sim²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡siam²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sieŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡siŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡siam³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /t͡siam³³/
Rime
Character 漸
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 慈染切
Baxter dzjemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ziᴇmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ziɛmX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zjæmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ziamX/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ziɛmX/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zĭɛmX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱi̯ɛmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zim6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 漸
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiàn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzjemX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]amʔ/
English gradually; advance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 漸
Reading # 2/2
No. 16811
Phonetic
component 		斬
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		漸
Old
Chinese 		/*zamʔ/
Definitions
[edit]

漸

  1. † Qiantang River
  2. † to advance gradually
  3. † gradual process
  4. † (of an illness) to aggravate; to worsen
  5. † to dredge; to open a path
  6. † omen
  7. † condition; prerequisite
  8. † sequence; order
  9. gradually
  10. † just when
  11. † immediately; soon after
  12. † when; until
  13. 53rd hexagram of the I Ching
  14. a surname
Compounds
[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
Rime
Character 漸
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 子廉切
Baxter tsjem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡siᴇm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡siɛm/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sjæm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡siam/
Li
Rong 		/t͡siɛm/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sĭɛm/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡si̯ɛm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zim1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 漸
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsjem ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ts]am/
English moisten

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 漸
Reading # 1/2
No. 16804
Phonetic
component 		斬
Rime
group 		談
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		尖
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔsam/
Definitions
[edit]

漸

  1. † to flow into
  2. † to bedew
  3. † to soak
  4. † to moisten
  5. † to influence
  6. † to cheat
Compounds
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 漸 – see 潛 (“to go under water; to move under water; to hide; to conceal; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 潛).

Etymology 3

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 漸 – see 巉 (“precipitous; steep; jagged; towering; overlapping”).
(This character is a variant form of 巉).

Etymology 4

[edit]
trad. 漸
simp. 渐
alternative forms 暫／暂
佔／占
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Compare Hokkien 這站／这站 (chit-chām, “now”).”

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

漸

  1. (Teochew) just; just now

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
漸

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

[edit]

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

漸 • (jeom, cham) (hangeul 점, 참, revised jeom, cham, McCune–Reischauer chŏm, ch'am, Yale cem, cham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

漸: Hán Nôm readings: tiệm, tràn, tiêm, tiềm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=漸&oldid=81876177"