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===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|en|enm|cryer}}, {{m|enm|criour}}, from {{der|en|fro|crieor}} (Modern {{cog|fr|crieur}}), derived from the verb {{m|fro|crier}}. Synchronically analyzable as {{suf|en|cry|er|id2=agent noun}}.
From {{inh|en|enm|criour}}, {{m|enm|cryour}}, {{m|enm|crier}}, from {{der|en|fro|crieor}} (Modern {{cog|fr|crieur}}), derived from the verb {{m|fro|crier}}. {{surf|en|cry|-er|id2=agent noun}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{a|GA}} {{IPA|en|/ˈkraɪɚ/}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈkɹaɪɚ/|a=GA}}
* {{a|RP}} {{IPA|en|/ˈkraɪə/}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˈkraɪə/|a=RP}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crier.wav|Audio (UK)}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crier.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{rhymes|en|aɪə(ɹ)}}
* {{rhymes|en|aɪə(ɹ)|s=2}}


===Noun===
===Noun===
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* Dutch: {{t+|nl|omroeper|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|omroeper|m}}
* Latin: {{t|la|praecō|m}}
* Latin: {{t|la|praecō|m}}
* Middle English: {{t|enm|criour}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


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* {{anagrams|en|a=ceirr|IRCer|ricer}}
* {{anagrams|en|a=ceirr|IRCer|ricer}}


[[Category:en:People]]
{{C|en|People}}


==Aromanian==
==Aromanian==
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===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{inh+|fr|frm|crier}}, from {{inh|fr|fro|crier|cri(d)er}}, from {{inh|fr|VL.|*crītāre}}.
From {{inh|fr|frm|crier}}, from {{inh|fr|fro|crier}}, {{m|fro|crider}}, from {{inh|fr|ML.|crīdāre|t=to clamour, cry out, publish, proclaim}} (compare {{cog|es|gritar}}, {{cog|oc|-}} and {{cog|ca|cridar}}, {{cog|it|gridare}}). Perhaps from {{der|fr|la|quirītō||to shriek, wail}} (--Diez), or from {{der|fr|frk|*krītan||to cry out, shout, proclaim}}, from {{der|fr|gem-pro|*krītaną||to cry out, shout}}, from {{der|fr|ine-pro|*greyd-||to shout}}. Akin to {{cog|dum|crīten}}, {{m|dum|krīten}} ({{cog|nl|krijten|t=to cry, cry out}}), {{cog|gml|krîten|t=to shriek, cry out}}, {{cog|gmh|krīzen|t=to cry out loudly}} ({{cog|de|kreißen|t=to wail in childbirth}}.


===Pronunciation===
===Pronunciation===
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{fr-IPA}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-crier.ogg|audio}}
* {{audio|fr|Fr-crier.ogg}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
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===Anagrams===
===Anagrams===
* {{l|fr|cirer}}
* {{l|fr|cirer}}

==Middle English==

===Noun===
{{head|enm|noun}}

# {{alt form|enm|criour}}


==Norman==
==Norman==


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
From {{inh|nrf|fro|crier}}, from {{inh|nrf|ML.|crīdō||to clamour, cry out, publish, proclaim}}.
{{inh+|nrf|fro|crier}}, from {{inh|nrf|VL.|*crītāre}}.


===Verb===
===Verb===
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===Alternative forms===
===Alternative forms===
* {{alter|fro|crïer||some scholars use a [[diaeresis]]}}
* {{alter|fro|crider||Alexis, 11th c.}}
* {{alter|fro|crider||La Vie de Saint Alexis, 11th century manuscripts}}
* {{alter|fro|crïer||alt. modern spelling}}


===Etymology===
===Etymology===
{{inh+|fro|VL.|*crītāre}}.
From {{inh|fro|ML.|crīdō|t=to clamour, cry out, publish, proclaim}}, from {{der|fro|frk|*krītan||to cry out, shout, proclaim}}, from {{der|fro|gem-pro|*krītaną||to cry out, shout}}, from {{der|fro|ine-pro|*greyd-||to shout}}. Akin to {{cog|dum|kriten|crīten, krīten|}} ({{cog|nl|krijten|t=to cry, cry out}}), {{cog|gml|krîten|t=to shriek, cry out}}, {{cog|gmh|krīzen|t=to cry out loudly}} ({{cog|de|kreißen|t=to wail in childbirth}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|fro|/kɾiˈðeːɾ/|a=archaic}}
* {{IPA|fro|/kɾiˈeːɾ/|a=classical}}


===Verb===
===Verb===
{{head|fro|verb}}
{{head|fro|verb}}


# to [[cry out]]; to [[shout]]
# to [[cry out]], [[shout]]


====Conjugation====
====Conjugation====
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====Descendants====
====Descendants====
* {{desc|en|cry|bor=1}}
* {{desc|frm|crier}}
* {{desc|fr|crier}}
** {{desc|fr|crier}}
* {{desctree|enm|crien|bor=1|noalts=1}}


===See also===
===References===
* {{R:FEW|2|1484|quĭrītare}}
* {{l|fro|plorer}}<!-- to cry-->


==Romanian==
==Romanian==

Latest revision as of 10:39, 27 September 2024

See also: Crier

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle English criour, cryour, crier, from Old French crieor (Modern French crieur), derived from the verb crier. By surface analysis, cry +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crier (plural criers)

  1. One who cries.
    • 1967, Richard M. Elman, The 28th day of Elul, page 94:
      Once again she had been stricken, beaten down, so violated that to give utterance to her feelings might have outshrilled all the criers in hell.
  2. An officer who proclaims the orders or directions of a court, or who gives public notice by loud proclamation, such as a town crier.

Derived terms

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Translations

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Anagrams

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Aromanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Probably from Latin cerebrum through a Vulgar Latin root *crebrum or possibly from the diminutive form cerebellum through a root *crebellum (compare the variant form, also found in Megleno-Romanian, which seems to still preserve the -l-). Compare Romanian creier.

Noun

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crier m (plural crieri)

  1. brain

Synonyms

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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French crier, from Old French cri(d)er, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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crier

  1. to cry out
  2. to shout
  3. to creak

Conjugation

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Conjugation of crier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple crier
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple criant
/kʁi.jɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle crié
/kʁi.je/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present crie
/kʁi/ 		cries
/kʁi/ 		crie
/kʁi/ 		crions
/kʁi.jɔ̃/ 		criez
/kʁi.je/ 		crient
/kʁi/
imperfect criais
/kʁi.jɛ/ 		criais
/kʁi.jɛ/ 		criait
/kʁi.jɛ/ 		criions
/kʁi.jɔ̃/ 		criiez
/kʁi.je/ 		criaient
/kʁi.jɛ/
past historic2 criai
/kʁi.je/ 		crias
/kʁi.ja/ 		cria
/kʁi.ja/ 		criâmes
/kʁi.jam/ 		criâtes
/kʁi.jat/ 		crièrent
/kʁi.jɛʁ/
future crierai
/kʁi.ʁe/ 		crieras
/kʁi.ʁa/ 		criera
/kʁi.ʁa/ 		crierons
/kʁi.ʁɔ̃/ 		crierez
/kʁi.ʁe/ 		crieront
/kʁi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional crierais
/kʁi.ʁɛ/ 		crierais
/kʁi.ʁɛ/ 		crierait
/kʁi.ʁɛ/ 		crierions
/kʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		crieriez
/kʁi.ʁje/ 		crieraient
/kʁi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present crie
/kʁi/ 		cries
/kʁi/ 		crie
/kʁi/ 		criions
/kʁi.jɔ̃/ 		criiez
/kʁi.je/ 		crient
/kʁi/
imperfect2 criasse
/kʁi.jas/ 		criasses
/kʁi.jas/ 		criât
/kʁi.ja/ 		criassions
/kʁi.ja.sjɔ̃/ 		criassiez
/kʁi.ja.sje/ 		criassent
/kʁi.jas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — crie
/kʁi/ 		— crions
/kʁi.jɔ̃/ 		criez
/kʁi.je/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Anagrams

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Middle English

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Noun

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crier

  1. Alternative form of criour

Norman

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre.

Verb

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crier (gerund criethie)

  1. (Jersey) to shout

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin *crītāre.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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crier

  1. to cry out, shout

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of crier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive crier avoir crïé
gerund en criant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle criant
past participle crïé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present cri crïes crïe crions crïez crïent
imperfect crioie, crïeie, crioe, crïeve crioies, crïeies, crioes, crïeves crioit, crïeit, criot, crïeve criiiens, criiens criiiez, criiez crioient, crïeient, crioent, crïevent
preterite criai crias cria criames criastes crïerent
future crïerai crïeras crïera crïerons crïeroiz, crïereiz, crïerez crïeront
conditional crïeroie, crïereie crïeroies, crïereies crïeroit, crïereit crïeriiens, crïeriens crïeriiez, crïeriez crïeroient, crïereient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present cri cris crit crions crïez crïent
imperfect criasse criasses criast criissons, criissiens criissoiz, criissez, criissiez criassent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— crïe — crions crïez —

Descendants

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  • Middle French: crier
  • → Middle English: crien

References

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Romanian

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Noun

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crier m (plural crieri)

  1. Alternative form of creier

Declension

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Declension of crier
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) crier crierul (niște) crieri crierii
genitive/dative (unui) crier crierului (unor) crieri crierilor
vocative crierule crierilor
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