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===Noun===
===Noun===
{{en-noun|working classes}}
{{en-noun}}


# The [[social class]] of those who perform physical work for a living, as opposed to the professional or middle class, the upper class, or others.
# The [[social class]] of those who perform physical work for a living, as opposed to the professional or middle class, the upper class, or others.
⚫
#: {{syn|en|proletariat}}
#* {{quote-book|year=1918|author={{w|W. B. Maxwell}}|chapter=13
⚫
#: {{coordinate terms|en|lower class|middle class|professional class|upper class|upper middle class}}
|title=[http://openlibrary.org/works/OL1097634W The Mirror and the Lamp]
|passage=And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the '''working classes'''. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them.}}
#* {{RQ:Maxwell Mirror and the Lamp|chapter=13|passage=And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the '''working classes'''. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=2012|author=Andrew Martin|title=Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube|publisher=Profile Books, {{ISBN|978-1846684777}}|page=47|text=It may seem that the [[Met]] was a snobbish outfit, a betrayer of the egalitarian dreams of Charles Pearson, but in being one of the pioneers of working men's fares the company had helped to bring about a revolution that would allow the '''working classes''' to live in London. Cheap trains would supersede Gladstone's well-meant Parliamentary Trains.}}

====Synonyms====
⚫
* {{sense|social class}} {{l|en|proletariat}}

====Coordinate terms====
⚫
* {{sense|social class}} {{l|en|lower class}}, {{l|en|middle class}}, {{l|en|professional class}}, {{l|en|upper class}}, {{l|en|upper middle class}}


====Translations====
====Translations====
{{trans-top|social class doing physical work}}
{{trans-top|social class doing physical work}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|اَلطَّبَقَة اَلْعَامِلَة|f|tr=aṭ-ṭabaqa l-ʿāmila}}
* Afrikaans: {{t|af|werkersklas}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|اَلطَّبَقَة اَلْعَامِلَة|f|tr=aṭ-ṭabaqa l-ʕāmila}}
* Armenian: {{t|hy|բանվոր դասակարգ}}
* Armenian: {{t|hy|բանվոր դասակարգ}}
* Chinese:
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|工人階級|sc=Hani}}, {{t+|cmn|工人阶级|tr=gōngrén jiējí|sc=Hani}}, {{t|cmn|勞動階級|sc=Hani}}, {{t|cmn|劳动阶级|tr=láodòng jiēji|sc=Hani}}
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|工人階級|tr=gōngrén jiējí}}, {{t|cmn|勞動階級|tr=láodòng jiēji}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|dělnická třída|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|dělnická třída|f}}
* Danish: {{t|da|arbejderklasse|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|arbeidersklasse|f}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|laboristaro}}
* Estonian: {{t-needed|et}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|työväenluokka}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|työväenluokka}}
* French: {{t|fr|classe ouvrière|f}}
* French: {{t+|fr|classe ouvrière|f}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|clase traballadora|f}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მუშათა კლასი}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|მუშათა კლასი}}
* German: {{t+|de|Arbeiterklasse|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Arbeiterklasse|f}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|कामगार वर्ग|m|tr=kāmgār varg|sc=Deva}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|कामगार वर्ग|m}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|munkásosztály}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|munkásosztály}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|laboristaro}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|lucht oibre|m}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|lucht oibre|m}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|労働者階級|tr=ろうどうしゃかいきゅう, rōdōsha kaikyū|sc=Jpan}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|労働者階級|tr=ろうどうしゃかいきゅう, rōdōsha kaikyū}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|វណ្ណៈពលករ|tr=vanna’ pʊəl kɑɑ|sc=Khmr}}, {{t|km|វណ្ណៈកម្មករ|tr=vanna’ kamma’ kɑɑ|sc=Khmr}}
* Kazakh: {{t|kk|жұмысшы табы}}, {{t|kk|жұмысшылар}}
* Khmer: {{t|km|វណ្ណៈពលករ|tr=vanna’ pʊəl kɑɑ}}, {{t|km|វណ្ណៈកម្មករ|tr=vanna’ kamma’ kɑɑ}}
* Kurdish: {{t|ku|Çîna karker|f}}
* Kurdish:
*: Northern Kurdish: {{t|kmr|Çîna karker|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|strādnieku šķira|f}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|strādnieku šķira|f}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|рабо́тничка кла́са|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|работничка класа|f|tr=rabótnička klása}}
* Norwegian:
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|arbeiderklasse|m|f}}
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|arbeiderklasse|m|f}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|arbeidarklasse|m|f}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|arbeidarklasse|m|f}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|طبقه کارگر|tr=tabaqe-ye kârgar|sc=fa-Arab}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|طبقه کارگر|tr=tabaqe-ye kârgar}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|klasa robotnicza|f}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|klasa robotnicza|f}}, {{t|pl|klasa pracująca|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|classe trabalhadora|f}}, {{t|pt|classe operária|f}}, {{t+|pt|proletariado|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|classe trabalhadora|f}}, {{t|pt|classe operária|f}}, {{t+|pt|proletariado|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|clasa muncitoare|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|clasa muncitoare|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|рабо́чий класс|m}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|рабо́чий класс|m}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|clas-obrach|m}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|clas-obrach|m}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|radništvo|n}}
* Serbo-Croatian:
* Spanish: {{t|es|clase obrera|f}}
*: Cyrillic: {{t|sh|ра̑днӣштво|n}}
*: Roman: {{t+|sh|rȃdnīštvo|n}}
* Sorbian:
*: Upper Sorbian: {{t|hsb|dźěłaćerska klasa|f}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|clase obrera|f}}, {{t|es|clase trabajadora|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|arbetarklass|c}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|arbetarklass|c}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|uring manggagawa}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|işçi sınıfı}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|işçi sınıfı}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|робітничий клас}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|giai cấp công nhân}}, {{t|vi|giai cấp vô sản}}
* Vietnamese: {{t|vi|giai cấp công nhân}} ({{t|vi|階級工人|sc=Hani}}), {{t|vi|giai cấp vô sản}} ({{t|vi|階級無產|sc=Hani}})
* Welsh: {{t+|cy|dosbarth gweithiol|m}}
* Yiddish: {{t|yi|אַרבעטער־קלאַס|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}
{{trans-bottom}}


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{{en-adj}} (usually '''working-class''' before noun)
{{en-adj}} (usually '''working-class''' before noun)


# {{alternative spelling of|working-class|lang=en}}
# {{alternative spelling of|en|working-class}}


===Usage notes===
====Usage notes====
The term ''working class'' is often used according to cultural rather than strict socio-economic criteria. It can be politically charged or neutral. Similarly, it can be derogatory, neutral, or positive.
The term ''working class'' is often used according to cultural rather than strict socio-economic criteria. It can be politically charged or neutral. Similarly, it can be derogatory, neutral, or positive.


===Anagrams===
[[Category:en:Sociology]]
* {{anagrams|en|a=acgiklnorssw|crosswalking}}

{{C|en|Collectives|Communism|Leftism|Marxism|Socialism|Sociology}}

Latest revision as of 13:11, 13 October 2024

See also: working-class

English

[edit]
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Noun

[edit]

working class (plural working classes)

  1. The social class of those who perform physical work for a living, as opposed to the professional or middle class, the upper class, or others.
    Synonym: proletariat
    Coordinate terms: lower class, middle class, professional class, upper class, upper middle class
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      And Vickers launched forth into a tirade very different from his platform utterances. He spoke with extreme contempt of the dense stupidity exhibited on all occasions by the working classes. He said that if you wanted to do anything for them, you must rule them, not pamper them.
    • 2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 47:
      It may seem that the Met was a snobbish outfit, a betrayer of the egalitarian dreams of Charles Pearson, but in being one of the pioneers of working men's fares the company had helped to bring about a revolution that would allow the working classes to live in London. Cheap trains would supersede Gladstone's well-meant Parliamentary Trains.

Translations

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

working class (comparative more working class, superlative most working class) (usually working-class before noun)

  1. Alternative spelling of working-class

Usage notes

[edit]

The term working class is often used according to cultural rather than strict socio-economic criteria. It can be politically charged or neutral. Similarly, it can be derogatory, neutral, or positive.

Anagrams

[edit]
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