Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žarъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *žěrъ, likely a re-analyzed form of the s-stem Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰéros. Akin to Old Armenian ջեր (ǰer), Ancient Greek θέρος (théros), Vedic Sanskrit हरस् (háras)

Noun

*žãrъ or *žȃrъ m

1. glow, heat

Declension

Declension of *žãrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žãrъ	*žārà	*žārì
genitive	*žārà	*žārù	*žãrъ
dative	*žārù	*žāròma	*žāròmъ
accusative	*žãrъ	*žārà	*žārỳ
instrumental	*žārъ̀mь, *žāròmь*	*žāròma	*žãry
locative	*žārě̀	*žārù	*žãrěxъ
vocative	*žare	*žārà	*žārì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *žȃrъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žȃrъ	*žȃra	*žȃri
genitive	*žȃra	*žarù	*žãrъ
dative	*žȃru	*žaromà	*žaròmъ
accusative	*žȃrъ	*žȃra	*žȃry
instrumental	*žȃrъmь, *žȃromь*	*žaromà	*žarý
locative	*žȃrě	*žarù	*žarě̃xъ
vocative	*žare	*žȃra	*žȃri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic:
    • Russian: жар (žar)
      • → Ingrian: žaaru
      • → Kildin Sami: жоарр (žårr)
    • Ukrainian: жар (žar)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: жар (žar)
  • Macedonian: жар (žar)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: жа̑р

    Latin script: žȃr

  • Slovene: žȃr (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: žár
  • Polish: żar
  • Slovak: žiar
• → Hungarian: zsarátnok
• → Romanian: jar

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress