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Arabic
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *šinn- (“tooth”), the source of سن (sinn). The association of "tooth" with this letter was the result of folk etymology and based on the corresponding Phoenician letter, 𐤔 (š), having a shape resembling a tooth. The letter originally depicted a composite bow, which usually has the tips curving away from the archer when unstrung.[1][2]
Related to Classical Syriac ܫ, Hebrew ש, Phoenician 𐤔 (š), Aramaic ܫ. More at Shin. It is the only letter of the Arabic alphabet with three dots with a letter corresponding to a letter in the Northwest Semitic abjad or the Phoenician alphabet.
Pronunciation
Letter
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
Symbol
ش / ش / ش / ش • (šīn)
- The twenty-first letter in traditional abjad order, which is used in place of numerals for list numbering (abjad numerals). It is preceded by ر (r) and followed by ت (t).
See also
- (Arabic script letters) ا (ʔalif), ب (bāʔ), ت (tāʔ), ث (ṯāʔ), ج (jīm), ح (ḥāʔ), خ (ḵāʔ), د (dāl), ذ (ḏāl), ر (rāʔ), ز (zāy), س (sīn), ش (šīn), ص (ṣād), ض (ḍād), ط (ṭāʔ), ظ (ẓāʔ), ع (ʕayn), غ (ḡayn), ف (fāʔ), ق (qāf), ك (kāf), ل (lām), م (mīm), ن (nūn), ه (hāʔ), و (wāw), ي (yāʔ)
- Wikipedia article on the Arabic alphabet
- Search for entries beginning with ش
References
- ^ “shin”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- ^ Albright, W. F. (1948). "The Early Alphabetic Inscriptions from Sinai and their Decipherment". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. 110 (110): 6–22 [p. 15].
Balti
Pronunciation
Letter
ش (transliteration needed)
- The twenty-fifth letter of the Balti alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Burushaski
Pronunciation
Letter
ش (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Burushaski alphabet, written in the Perso-Arabic script
Chinese
Pronunciation
Letter
ش
- The eighteenth letter of the Xiao'erjing abjad.
Usage notes
- This letter is also used to represent Pinyin initial x-.
Iraqi Arabic
Etymology
Clipping of شنو (šinu). Compare Moroccan Arabic ش (š, “what”), Maltese x’ (“what”)
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ش (š)
- (interrogative) what
- شاسمك ؟ (to a male) ― šismak? ― What's your name?
Kashmiri
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (ś)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the traditional alphabet chart of Kashmiri.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Kazakh
| Alternative scripts | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | ش |
| Cyrillic | Ш, ш |
| Latin | Ş, ş |
| Yañalif | C, c |
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (ş)
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- Previous letter: س
- Next letter: ع
- (Arabic script letters) ا, ب, پ, ت, ج, چ, ح, د, ر, ز, س, ش, ع, ف, ق, ك, گ, ڭ, ل, م, ن, ە, ھ, و, ۇ, ۋ, ۆ, ى, ي.
Khowar
Pronunciation
Letter
ش (šīn)
- The twenty-fourth letter of the Khowar abjad.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Malay
Pronunciation
Letter
ش / ش / ش / ش
- The fourteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Arabic script.
See also
- (Arabic script letters) ا, ب, ت, ة, ث, ج, چ, ح, خ, د, ذ, ر, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ڠ, ف, ڤ, ق, ک, ݢ, ل, م, ن, و, ۏ, ه, ء, ي, ى, ڽ [edit]
Pashto
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (šin)
- The twenty-second letter of the Pashto alphabet.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Persian
Letter
شٍ • (šin)
- The sixteenth letter of the Perso-Arabic alphabet. It is preceded by س and followed by ص. Its name is شین.
Punjabi
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (šīn)
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Sindhi
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (śīn)
- The thirtieth letter of the Sindhi abjad.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
- (Letters of the Sindhi alphabet) ا, ب, ٻ, ڀ, ت, ٿ, ٽ, ٺ, ث, پ, ج, ڄ, جھ, ڃ, چ, ڇ, ح, خ, د, ڌ, ڏ, ڊ, ڍ, ذ, ر, ڙ, ڙھ, ز, س, ش, ص, ض, ط, ظ, ع, غ, ف, ڦ, ق, ڪ, ک, گ, ڳ, گھ, ڱ, ل, م, ن, ڻ, و, ھ, ء, ي
South Levantine Arabic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Suffix
ـش • (-š)
- don't, didn't (negation of verbs)
- Synonyms: ما (mā), (imperative) لا (la)
- بحكيش إنكليزي ― biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah): (file) - ما بحكيش إنكليزي ― ma biḥkīš ʔinglīzi ― he doesn't speak English
Audio (Ramallah): (file) - تنساش ― tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah): (file) - ما تنساش ― ma tinsāš ― don't forget
Audio (Ramallah): (file) - ما كتبش ― ma katabš ― he didn't write
Audio (Ramallah): (file)
Usage notes
- ـش (-š) shifts the stress to the end of the verbal phrase, lengthening final vowels.
- ـش (-š) may be used by itself or together with ما (ma); in the past tense, however, ما (ma) is required.
See also
- مش (miš)
Urdu
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
- (letter name): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃiːn/
- (phoneme): (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃ/
Letter
ش • (śīn)
- The nineteenth letter of the Urdu abjad.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Etymology 2
From Classical Persian ـش (-iš).
Suffix
ـش • (-iś)
- A suffix used in many nouns borrowed from Persian, and also in certain native words. This is a rough equivalent of -tion or -ment, making a noun for the action of the verb.
Usage notes
Persian nouns ending in a long vowel that add ـیـ (-y-) in Persian before this suffix, usually become ـئـ (-i-) due to modified pronunciation. In certain instances, ـیـ (-i-) remains or is one of the acceptable spellings. For example, Persian آزمایش (âzmâyeš) is normally spelled as Urdu آزمائش (āzmāiś).
Uyghur
Pronunciation
Letter
ش • (she)
- The fourteenth letter of the Uyghur alphabet.
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Yoruba
Pronunciation
Letter
ش (ṣ)
Forms
| Isolated form | Final form | Medial form | Initial form |
|---|---|---|---|
| ش | ـش | ـشـ | شـ |
See also
Categories:
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