Proteins are the workhorses of cells. Learn how their functions are based on their three-dimensional structures, which emerge from a complex folding process.

Proteins have four levels of structure: primary (amino acid sequence), secondary (local folding patterns like alpha helices and beta sheets), tertiary (overall 3D shape), and quaternary (assembly of ...

Proteins that have problems achieving their native configuration are helped by chaperones to fold properly, using energy from ATP. Chaperones can avoid the conformational change to beta sheet ...

There is an alpha helix, for example, where the chain of amino acids twists into a right-handed coil, and so-called folded beta-sheet proteins. These formations determine how the proteins interact ...

There is an alpha helix, for example, where the chain of amino acids twists into a right-handed coil, and so-called folded beta-sheet proteins. These formations determine how the proteins interact ...