Intrathoracic obstruction is most severe during expiration and is relieved during inspiration. Extrathoracic obstruction is increased during inspiration because of the effect of atmospheric ...

Negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) occurs when a large, negative intrathoracic pressure is generated against an obstructed upper airway, causing fluid to shift into the lung interstitium.

[20] Bonadio and Losek [14] noted that two of five children died after having pulmonary edema and respiratory failure due to upper airway obstruction. Furthermore, Kollef and Pluss [21] found one ...