- Rudnev, M;
- Barrett, Harold;
- Buckwalter, W;
- Machery, E;
- Stich, S;
- Barr, K;
- Bencherifa, A;
- Clancy, R;
- Crone, D;
- Deguchi, Y;
- Fabiano, E;
- Fodeman, A;
- Guennoun, B;
- Halamová, J;
- Hashimoto, T;
- Homan, J;
- Kanovský, M;
- Karasawa, K;
- Kim, H;
- Kiper, J;
- Lee, M;
- Liu, X;
- Mitova, V;
- Nair, R;
- Pantovic, L;
- Porter, B;
- Quintanilla, P;
- Reijer, J;
- Romero, P;
- Singh, P;
- Tber, S;
- Wilkenfeld, D;
- Yi, L;
- Grossmann, I
Wisdom is the hallmark of social judgment, but how people across cultures recognize wisdom remains unclear-distinct philosophical traditions suggest different views of wisdoms cardinal features. We explore perception of wise minds across 16 socio-economically and culturally diverse convenience samples from 12 countries. Participants assessed wisdom exemplars, non-exemplars, and themselves on 19 socio-cognitive characteristics, subsequently rating targets wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. Analyses reveal two positively related dimensions-Reflective Orientation and Socio-Emotional Awareness. These dimensions are consistent across the studied cultural regions and interact when informing wisdom ratings: wisest targets-as perceived by participants-score high on both dimensions, whereas the least wise are not reflective but moderately socio-emotional. Additionally, individuals view themselves as less reflective but more socio-emotionally aware than most wisdom exemplars. Our findings expand folk psychology and social judgment research beyond the Global North, showing how individuals perceive desirable cognitive and socio-emotional qualities, and contribute to an understanding of mind perception.