Getting Started with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

Table of Contents

Getting Started with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

Credits

About the Author

About the Reviewers

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Preface

What this book covers

What you need for this book

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager 3.3

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor host

Optional requirements

Who this book is for

Conventions

Reader feedback

Customer support

Downloading the example code

Errata

Piracy

Questions

1. An Overview of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

The virtualization overview

Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM)

Features of RHEV

Supported virtual machine operating systems

RHEV architecture

Components of RHEV

The hardware and software requirement of RHEV

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Hypervisor host

The Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization Manager client

Storage

Directory services (optional)

Networking and Domain Name Service

Virtual machines

Firewall Requirements

Virtualization manager firewall requirements

Virtualization host firewall requirements

Directory server firewall requirements

Remote database server firewall requirements

User accounts and groups

Summary

2. Installing RHEV Manager and Hypervisor Hosts

Environment mapping

Setting up the RHEL operating system for the manager

Registering with Red Hat Network

Installing the RHEV-Manager packages

Running the initial engine setup

Connecting to the admin and user portal 006C

RHEV reporting

Installing the RHEV history database and report server

Accessing the RHEV report portal

Deploying RHEV Hypervisor

Installing the hypervisor

Configuring the hypervisor

Summary

3. Setting Up the RHEV Virtual Infrastructure

Configuring RHEV

Data centers

Clusters

Approving hypervisor hosts

Logical networks

Adding logical networks

Storage domains

Adding a data domain to store virtual machines

Adding a data domain of other storage types

Activating the ISO domain

Populate ISO images on an ISO domain

Configuring and activating an export domain

Summary

4. Creating and Managing Virtual Machines

Virtual machines

Creating Linux virtual machines

General settings

System settings

Initial Run settings

Console settings

Host settings

High Availability settings

Resource Allocation settings

Boot Options settings

Custom Properties

Adding virtual disks

Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux on a virtual machine

Installing guest agents and drivers on RHEL guests

Creating Windows virtual machines

Installing VirtIO drivers during the Windows installation

Guest agents and driver installation on Windows guests

Virtual machine templates

Creating a Red Hat Enterprise Linux template

Cloning a RHEL virtual machine from a template

Creating a Windows template

Virtual machine snapshots

Creating snapshots

Restoring virtual machines from the snapshot

Creating a virtual machine from the snapshot

Deleting a virtual machine snapshot

Backing up virtual machines to export disks

Exporting a virtual machine and template

Importing a virtual machine and template

Summary

5. Virtual Machine and Host High Availability

Virtual machine's live migration

Advantages of live migration

The requirements of live migration

Manual live migration

Cold migration

Cancelling migration

Virtual machine's high availability

Automatic virtual machine migration

The migration priority

Disabling the automatic virtual machine migration

The host's high availability

Manual fencing

Cluster policies

The resilience policy

The cluster policy

Summary

6. Advanced Storage and Networking Features

Shareable disks

Direct LUN mapping

Virtual disk resize

Storage live migration

VNIC QoS

Hot plugging devices

Hot plugging and removing virtual hard disks

Hot plugging in VNIC

Hot plugging virtual CPU

Summary

7. Quota and User Management

An overview of user management

Adding the IdM domain to RHEV Manager

Validating and listing added domains

Adding directory users

Authorizing users and assigning roles

Creating a new role

Introduction to Quota

Enabling Quota

Creating the Quota policy

Assigning Quota to virtual machine objects

Assigning Quota to limit resources by users

Summary

8. Managing a Virtualization Environment from the Command Line

Introduction to the CLI

Installing and setting up CLI

Basic command-line examples

Running Linux commands in a shell

Listing resources from the command-line shell

Creating and editing a virtual machine

Summary

9. Troubleshooting RHEV

RHEV Manager logs

RHEV Hypervisor hosts' logs

Guest agent and SPICE logs

The log collector utility

Maintaining an RHEV environment

The stop procedure

The start procedure

Summary

10. Setting Up iSCSI, NFS, and IdM Directory Services for RHEV

Setting up iSCSI for the data domain

Setting up NFS for the export domain

Installing and configuring Red Hat IdM

Adding users from CLI

Summary

Index

Getting Started with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

Getting Started with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization

Copyright © 2014 Packt Publishing

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.

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First published: September 2014

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Credits

Author

Pradeep Subramanian

Reviewers

Kyung Huh

René Koch

Anil Vettathu

Marcus Young

Commissioning Editor

Greg Wild

Acquisition Editor

Greg Wild

Content Development Editor

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Technical Editors

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Cover Work

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About the Author

Pradeep Subramanian is a Senior Platform Consultant at Red Hat, a global provider of open source software solutions that uses a community-powered approach to develop and offer operating system, middleware, virtualization, storage, and cloud technologies. He has 10 years of experience in open source and Linux, which includes 5 years of extensive experience in open source virtualization technologies such as Xen, KVM, and Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization. His other areas of interest include high availability and grid computing, performance tuning, designing and building open hybrid cloud, architectural design, and implementation of Enterprise IT using open source tools. This is his first book.

I would like to express my gratitude to many people who saw me through this book. I would like to thank all those who provided their support, talked things over, read, wrote, offered comments, allowed me to quote their remarks, and assisted in the editing, proofreading, and designing of this book.

I owe a huge thanks to my manager, Anirudha Karandikar (Andy), for providing excellent support and advice. Above all, I want to thank my wife, Sandhya; my parents, Subramanian, Selvi, Shanmugam, Usha; and my naughty one-and-a-half-year-old son, Harsh. They all supported and encouraged me in spite of all the time the book took me away from them. It was a long and difficult journey for them. I am dedicating this book to my son, Harsh. I hope that one day, he will read this book and understand why I spent so much time in front of my computer. Last but not least, I beg forgiveness from all those who have been with me over the course of the years and whose names I have failed to mention. Thanks for everything; I look forward to writing the second edition of this book and a few more books on Open Cloud Computing soon!

About the Reviewers

Kyung Huh is currently working as a consultant in Korea. He has been working with Linux and open source software for more than 15 years as an instructor and consultant. He has experience in Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization in many production environments and also has experience in open source software such as clustering, performance tuning, and troubleshooting.

René Koch is a senior solution architect and consultant, focusing on open source virtualization, Linux, system management, and system monitoring. He started working with Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization and oVirt in 2010 and implemented various environments on the customer side. As part of the oVirt community, he is not only an active member on the oVirt mailing list, but also gives lectures about Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization and oVirt in Austria and Germany. Furthermore, he is the author of two open source projects: the Nagios plugin check_rhev3—which is used to monitor the whole RHEV environment with Nagios and Icinga—and Monitoring UI-Plugin—which is a user interface plugin for Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization and oVirt that integrates Nagios-based monitoring environments into the RHEV WebAdmin portal.

Anil Vettathu started his interaction with Linux in college. He started his career in 2006 as a Linux System Administrator. He has specialized in Open Source Virtualization technologies, especially KVM. He had the opportunity to work on RHEV from its very early versions. Currently, he is working as a TAM for Red Hat.

Marcus Young recently graduated with a degree in Computer Science and Mathematics before getting involved in system administration and DevOps. He currently works in software automation using open source tools and Red-Hat-flavored operating systems in RHEV and AWS virtualization environments. His hobbies include playing ice hockey and making homebrewed beer. He has also developed many hardware projects based on devices such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, UDOO, and others.

I'd like to thank my beautiful fiancé for putting up with many of my projects and work items that make their way into my free time. I would also like to thank my newborn son who will continue to inspire me to keep pushing myself.

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Preface

Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization (RHEV), which is a complete enterprise virtualization management solution for servers and desktops, provides fully integrated management of your virtual infrastructures. RHEV is based on and built using two open source projects: Kernel Virtual Machine (KVM), which is open source software that comes with all standard Linux distributions, and oVirt. Based on the popular oVirt open virtualization management project, Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization positions itself as a strategic virtualization alternative to proprietary virtualization platforms with performance advantages, competitive pricing, and a trusted and stable environment.

Step-by-step, you'll learn how to build and manage Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization from scratch with various advanced features and troubleshooting steps. You'll also dive deep into the RHEV internal architecture and components.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, An Overview of Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization, gives you a basic introduction to RHEV, its internal architecture and components, and the basic hardware and software prerequisites.

Chapter 2, Installing RHEV Manager and Hypervisor Hosts, shows you how to set up and configure the RHEV Manager and access the web-based admin portal, install and configure RHEV's hypervisor hosts, and install and connect to the report portal in order to report scenarios of your virtual infrastructure's resource usage.

Chapter 3, Setting Up the RHEV Virtual Infrastructure, shows you how to create a virtual data center and cluster, add the hypervisor host to cluster, configure storage, and perform networking.

Chapter 4, Creating and Managing Virtual Machines, shows you how to create virtual machines, templates, derive virtual machines from the template, take live snapshots of virtual machines, and back up and restore of virtual machines using export and import disks.

Chapter