Ubuntu Server Essentials
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Ubuntu Server Essentials - Kouka Abdelmonam
Table of Contents
Ubuntu Server Essentials
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more
Why subscribe?
Free access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Reader feedback
Customer support
Downloading the example code
Downloading the color images of this book
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. The Ubuntu Server Installation
Preparation before the installation
The latest Ubuntu release
System requirements
Additional resources
The manual installation
A simple installation from a CD
Upgrading from an old release
The advanced installation
Using RAID
Using LVM
The automated installation
The PXE process
The PXE installation procedure
Additional resources
Summary
2. Configuring and Administering Ubuntu Server
Administering using the command line
The package management for an Ubuntu Server
Package repositories
Package management utilities
The dpkg tool
The aptitude tool
The apt tools
Adding software collections using tasksel
The network configuration for an Ubuntu Server
The configuration files
The network utilities
Performing essential system administration tasks
Monitoring resources
Processes management
Scheduling the processes that need to be run
Summary
3. Deploying Servers on Ubuntu
Deploying an OpenSSH server
Installing the OpenSSH server
Configuring the OpenSSH server
Setting up a DNS server
The BIND installation
Ubuntu's BIND conventions
Configuring BIND
Zone file configuration
DNS redundancy
DNS testing
Turning on a web server
The LAMP Installation
Ubuntu's LAMP Conventions
Apache management and testing
apache2ctl
Stopping Apache gracefully
Diagnostic apache2ctl commands
Deploying an e-mail server
The MTA server
Installing Postfix
Managing Postfix
The MDA server
Filters and security for an e-mail server
Other facilities
Setting up a database server
The MySQL server
The Postgre server
Setting up a DHCP server
Installing DHCP
Ubuntu DHCP Conventions
Configuring DHCP
Installing a file server
The FTP server
The Samba server
Summary
4. Security with Ubuntu
The basic security settings
Managing users
User account administration
Password administration
Permission settings
File ownership
Configuring permissions
Applying quota to user accounts
Configuring administration tasks with sudo
Configuring the AppArmor tool
Advanced security configuration
SSH security enhancement
Configuring firewalls
Backuping and restoring
The principles of backup
Drive imaging
Database backups
Backup tools
Summary
5. Virtualization and Cloud Computing inside the Ubuntu Server
Virtualization
An introduction to virtualization
The benefits of virtualization
Different techniques of virtualization
Type 1 hypervisor
Type 2 hypervisor
An isolator
The different approaches towards virtualization
Paravirtualization
Full virtualization
KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)
Prerequisites
Configuring the KVM networking
The KVM installation
Managing virtual machines
XenServer
Prerequisites
Installing XenServer
The networking concept in a XenServer environment
Managing virtual machines
An introduction to Docker
How Docker works
Installing Docker
Using Docker
Cloud computing for the Ubuntu Server
The ownCloud software
The technology used in ownCloud
The ownCloud server installation
CozyCloud
Installing CozyCloud on Ubuntu Server
Using CozyCloud
OpenStack
OpenStack tools
Juju
MAAS
Landscape
LXD
Snappy
The OpenStack setup
Installing OpenStack using DevStack
The manual installation
Summary
6. Tips and Tricks for Ubuntu Server
General tips
Ubuntu Server CLI tips and tricks
How to prevent server daemons from starting during installation
How to move or copy a directory
System resource limits
Running a command over and over
Troubleshooting tips
Customizing log rotation on Ubuntu Server
The main system log files
Checking opened files
Getting information from /proc
Recovering the root password under Ubuntu Server
Useful tools and utilities
NetHogs, a network monitoring tool
vnStat, a network monitoring tool
Tailing multiple files using multitail
The program cockpit – a remote manager for Ubuntu servers
Webmin: the famous system administration tool
Using the uvtool program and extending the use of Cloud images
Summary
Index
Ubuntu Server Essentials
Ubuntu Server Essentials
Copyright © 2015 Packt Publishing
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews.
Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the author, nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book.
Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information.
First published: November 2015
Production reference: 1251115
Published by Packt Publishing Ltd.
Livery Place
35 Livery Street
Birmingham B3 2PB, UK.
ISBN 978-1-78528-546-2
www.packtpub.com
Credits
Author
Abdelmonam Kouka
Reviewers
Dan Bishop
James A. Langbridge
Acquisition Editor
Larissa Pinto
Content Development Editor
Rashmi Suvarna
Technical Editors
Tejaswita Karvir
Vishal Mewada
Copy Editor
Vedangi Narvekar
Project Coordinator
Judie Jose
Proofreader
Safis Editing
Indexer
Hemangini Bari
Graphics
Kirk D'Penha
Production Coordinator
Melwyn Dsa
Cover Work
Melwyn Dsa
About the Author
Abdelmonam Kouka is a Tunisian computer engineer. He received his engineering diploma in computer science in 2007 from National School of Computer Sciences (ENSI), one of the best engineering schools in Tunisia. He received a master's degree in information security from the same school (ENSI) in 2009 and a master's degree in free and open source software from ISI/UVT in 2011. He received a master's degree in innovation management (the DICAMP.eu project) in 2014.
He was not just a student. In fact, after getting his engineering degree in 2007, in parallel to his master's marathon, he started working as a software developer in HR Access and then as a Zimbra consultant in another company. After that, he started to develop with Alcatel-Lucent as a Java/JEE developer to finish with Alcatel-Lucent as an IP/MPLS Expert. He left Alcatel-Lucent in December 2012 to launch, in partnership with his friend Ayed Akrout, his own startup named TAC-TIC (for more information, visit http://www.tac-tic.net/) that provides ICT services such as software development, open source consulting, and IP/MPLS engineering and support. He is also an Alcatel-Lucent University trainer who delivers advanced courses on IP platforms, fixed networks, and broadband access technologies.
While studying for engineering and during all of his professional experience, he was an open source activist; he was a member/co-founder of the Ubuntu-tn community, Sabily community, and the APOS association. He has also been a member of Linux Arabic Community, Arabeyes, CULLT, DFSA, and a lot of other open source clubs, associations, and initiatives.
He is also the author of Learning Zimbra Server Essentials, Packt Publishing, 2013.
I would like to give thanks and express my gratitude to my family; without their involvement, this book quite possibly would not have happened. A lot of thanks to my wife, Sonia, for her passion and patience with my late-night writing sessions. Also, a lot of thanks to my mother, Chadlia, and my brother, Iskander, for their encouragement and support during this work.
I dedicate this book to my lovely daughter, Mariem, whose smile is my source of inspiration.
Finally, to caffeine, my companion through many long nights of writing.
About the Reviewers
Dan Bishop is a systems administrator living and working in York, UK. He has extensive experience managing Ubuntu servers in personal as well as professional contexts, ranging from home office to enterprise. Apart from providing consultancy services to independent clients, he has forged a career in some of the top universities in the UK. Currently, he works at the University of York, developing a range of services that run on Ubuntu servers. In his spare time, Dan loves to travel the world, and he regularly volunteers as a special constable with the police.
James A. Langbridge does not like talking about himself in the third person, but he will try anyway. James was born in Singapore, and he followed his parents to several countries before settling down in Nantes, France, where he lives with his partner and their two children.
James is an author and embedded systems consultant. He has worked for more than 15 years on industrial, military, mobile telephony, and aviation security systems. He works primarily on low-level development, creating bootloaders or optimizing routines in assembly and making the most of small processors. When not on contract, James trains engineers to work with embedded systems and Linux. He enjoys making new gizmos, much to the dismay of his partner.
James wrote his first computer program at the age of six, and he has never stopped tinkering ever since. He began by using Apple IIs, ZX80s, and ZX81s, moved on to BBC Micros and the Amiga, and finally had no other option but to use PCs. He has been using Linux almost exclusively since 1995 and has no intention of changing. He has been using Ubuntu since 2006 as well as other flavors.
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Preface
Ubuntu Server Essentials is a practical, hands-on guide that provides you with a clear step-by-step process to install and manage an Ubuntu Server, which will help you take advantage of the real power that is behind Ubuntu without being an expert in it.
This fast-paced book is for administrators who wish to discover the essentials of the latest version of the Ubuntu Server. The purpose of this book is to guide the readers so that they can deploy and configure Ubuntu servers in their office environments. First of all, we will start by explaining how to install the Ubuntu Server. Then, we will move on to cover the most useful aspect of the command-line interface that comes with it. Meanwhile, we will have a look at how to administrate and configure an Ubuntu Server. This knowledge will be extended with the help of a chapter dedicated to this topic. After that, we will discuss how to deploy services on an Ubuntu Server and secure it. Before finishing, we will discover the virtualization and Cloud computing facilities provided by Ubuntu. Finally, we will explore some very useful tips related to an Ubuntu Server.
What this book covers
Chapter 1, The Ubuntu Server Installation, serves as an Ubuntu Server installation guide.
Chapter 2, Configuring and Administering Ubuntu Server, provides the necessary knowledge and tools that are required to manage an Ubuntu Server.
Chapter 3, Deploying Servers on Ubuntu, allows users to easily set up and deploy a set of frequently used services, such as e-mail, the Web, DNS, and so on.
Chapter 4, Security with Ubuntu, serves as a security guide for the Ubuntu Server.
Chapter 5, Virtualization and Cloud Computing inside the Ubuntu Server, provides the knowledge needed to work with virtualization and Cloud computing.
Chapter 6, Tips and Tricks for Ubuntu Server, contains some of the most useful tips and tricks that every Ubuntu administrator needs.
What you need for this book
To use this book, you need only basic knowledge Linux OS and a cup of coffee.
Who this book is for
This book is intended for system administrators who are familiar with the fundamentals of the Linux operating system and are looking for a fast-paced guide on Ubuntu. Those familiar with the older versions of Ubuntu will also find this book useful. Basic knowledge of Linux administration is assumed. By the end of this book, readers will have a good understanding of working with the latest version of Ubuntu and exploring the new features of Ubuntu Server administration.
Conventions
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles are shown as follows: We can include other contexts through the use of the include directive.
A block of code is set as