African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development

PART ONE

Fundamental Infrastructures of the African Union for Creating Jobs, Wealth and Prosperity

1

Introduction

A.

Introduction to strategic African solidarity for strategic agricultural and industrial Revolution

B.

Economic status and class struggle in Africa and extreme poverty class

C.

Why extreme poverty class exists

D.

Strategic development truth (SDT) is people-focused development (PFD)

E.

Interests of African power brokers must not ruin Africa for the benefit of foreign agents

F.

Agric food, mining, gas and oil sectors of the African economy

G.

African non-access to electric energy impact

H.

Strategic African solidarity for strategic industrial Revolution: the game changer for Africa

I.

Organization of African Unity (OAU) initiatives terminating in the African Union (AU)

J.

Strategic African solidarity and people-centered development goal mechanisms of AU

K.

What can international law do in African strategic solidarity for industrial Revolution?

L.

African international economic law

M.

The World Bank Group supports African sustainable industrial Revolution

N.

Europe is in Africa for mutual benefits of Europe and Africa

O.

Multinational corporations have no development motive in their foreign investment

P.

Medium-term foreign aid is better aid for Africa

Q.

International acquisitive society of capitalism in the private and public sectors of the economy

R.

Funding the AU Public Services

S.

What is the purpose of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM)?

T.

Structure of the book

U.

Part one: Fundamental infrastructures of the African Union for creating jobs, wealth and prosperity

V.

Part two: Strategic African solidarity under international economic law Revolution

W.

Part three: Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and Pan Africanism for strategic industrial Revolution

X.

Part four: Incorruptible leadership for strategic African solidarity for strategic industrial Revolution

Y.

Part five: Petition and Recommendations to the African Union for top-down accelerated integration

Z.

Summary

We prefer self-government with danger to servitude in tranquility.

—DR KWAME NKRUMAH, FIRST PRESIDENT OF GHANA—

Recognition of human dignity is the foundation for infrastructure development, prosperity, justice, peace, tranquillity and freedom in Africa and the world. If the King is naked, people around the King must be brave to tell the naked truth and must not be telling his majesty that he is wearing an elegant royal garment.

—CH 21.98 OF THE BOOK—

O! THE JOYS of those who do not follow the advice of the wicked,

or stand around with sinners,

or join in with mockers.

But they delight in the law of the LORD, meditating on it day and night.

They are like tress planted along the riverbank, bearing fruit each season.

Their leaves never wither, and they prosper in all things they do.

—PSALM 1:1-3—

A Introduction to strategic African solidarity for strategic agricultural and industrial Revolution

1.01

African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development inaugurates African Union transnational law for liberation of the African continent for integrated infrastructure development in the African Single Market. This book is also called African Union Economic Freedom Handbook.

Freedom from colonial infrastructure barriers in Africa is a right in the African Union to unlock the full productive capacity of the people.

African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development is offered for use by policymakers, scholars, entrepreneurs, SMEs, libraries, students at Senior High Schools, University undergraduate and post-graduate students and African Union leaders with open Petition and Recommendations addressed to the African Union leaders for accelerated top-down integration policy to set the African Union free from the grip and for infrastructure development in the African continent in the African Single Market for the happiness of the many and not the few.

The book extols African Union transnational law for accelerated top-down liberation and integration of the African continent from the grip of historic barriers, borders, inequalities, neo-colonialism, corruption and exploitation for infrastructure development of the African continent in the African Single Market, without barriers, visible and invisible, inspired by the Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000, for the happiness of the many and not the few.

The African Union is the force for prosperity and the game changer for Africa and the world beyond measure. Liberation from the grip first. Then! Africa can take every challenge and the bull by the horns of Africa without interminable aid.

You will discover the forces driving infrastructure development of Africa in this book. The book decries historic lockdown in every shape and manifestation in Africa.

The book calls for ninety percent elimination of conflicts, poverty, corruption, all barriers and inefficiency in Africa through African Union transnational law by activating the strong structures and institutions enacted under the Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000 by top-down policy of the African Union prompt.

The book presents the challenges of Africa, underscoring the things that unite Africa for integrated infrastructure development in Africa; not divide and rule Africa.

1.02

The book extols the endowments of the African Union and a list of sixty-eight African Union transnational law topics for deeper study for accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent for infrastructure development of the African continent in the African Single Market.

The book responds to the demands of the people of Africa for accelerated integration of the African continent. The African Union is guided by its vision of An Integrated, Prosperous and Peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in the global arena.

The African Union solution is cutting down expenditure and eliminating waste through prompt African Union integration.

1.03

African Union transnational law is the body of decisions, treaties, statutes, protocols, regulations, rules enacted by the African Union for accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent for massive development of the African continent in the African Single Market; it is binding on Member States of the African Union and all persons and entities to whom it is addressed within the jurisdiction.

1.04

African Union transnational law redefines pan-Africanism and rebalances the African economies in the African Single Market leading to massive development, prosperity, justice, peace and freedom in the African Single Market and to compete in the league of the top twelve wealthiest countries of the world by 2030. African Union transnational law is the landing grace of the African Union.

1.05

Pan-Africanism means all barriers against infrastructure development of the African continent must be eradicated prompt. Africa can only reap what it sows in Africa with the endowments of the African Union, driven under strategic leadership, true culture, priority timelines and protected under African Union transnational law. Total African continental integration is the foundation for massive national and African continental development. African integration or liberation means total eradication of all barriers against development of the African continent prompt. Stop branding Africans in Africa as foreigners.

1.06

Endowments of the African Union encompass recognition of African Union transnational law, GDP, values, ideas, themes, unity in diversities in the Africa Union, equality in dignity, rights and freedoms, conscience, reason, mind and the relationships in African accelerated integration and massive development agenda that transcend national boundaries and cannot be resolved by any one country acting alone and need African Union solutions in African context and perspectives and in dealing with the big trading blocs of China, USA, European Union, the United Kingdom, Russia, Japan and India, ensuring African population of over 1.2 billion people shall not lack or be hungry or thirsty or walk in darkness.

1.07

This book is poised to highlight sustainable development policy for Africa through African Union transnational law for integration or liberation of the African continent for national and African continental infrastructure development for the happiness of the many and not the few. The test of sustainable development is that development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs and it achieves gender equality, it is socially inclusive and liberating, environmentally sustainable, eradicates all barriers against development of the African continent, it is prosperous, transformative of the economy, resolves all internal tensions and contradictions and it eradicates all aid and extreme poverty in Africa and the world. Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana passed all that tests in his pan-African and industrialisation policy for Ghana and Africa.

1.08

We prefer self-government with danger to servitude in tranquility. – (Dr Kwame Nkrumah, first president of Ghana)

Freedom from colonial infrastructure barriers in Africa is a right in the African Union to unlock the full productive capacity of Africa in the African Single Market.

The African continent is faced with catering for the needs of a growing population of over 1.3 billion, of which youngsters under twenty-five age count over sixty percent and are the youngest workforce in the world.

Job creation for a chance to work for African youngsters is a fundamental infrastructure development priority, which cannot be denied or delayed on any altar of austerity policy.

Our days on our Earth planet in the solar system are numbered and we must happily work to live in self-government and not live to work.

Come over into our world. There is no danger in hardworking in self-government alias democracy. There is no tranquility in servitude, imperialism, colonialism, neocolonialism and inequality. Ride a horse, not a tiger.

Far and away the best prize that life offers is the chance to work hard at work worth doing. (Theodore Roosevelt, Labor Day address, Syracuse, N.Y., 1903)

O! THE JOYS of those who do not follow the advice of the wicked,

or stand around with sinners, or join in with mockers.

But they delight in the law of the LORD, meditating on it day and night.

They are like tress planted along the riverbank, bearing fruit each season.

Their leaves never wither, and they prosper in all things they do.

—PSALM 1:1-3 ON MORALITY IN THE LAW—

African Governance Law (AGL) is African Union transnational law for infrastructure development in the African Single Market and it offers CPD education on sixty-eight infrastructure development studies for creating jobs, wealth and prosperity in the African Union.

Use African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development for the whole truth and prosper in all things you do. This book will make your day. The book rings bell for all.

This book of the author of mainstream research, high objectivity and exposure to valid knowledge deserves a place on the shelf of every policymaker, diplomat, library, entrepreneur, student and scholar worldwide to ensure total liberation and integration of the African continent in African Single Market for national and African continental infrastructure development for the happiness of the many and not the few.

B Economic status and class struggle in Africa and extreme poverty class

1.09

We have class struggle in Africa and the world. That struggle divides the world population into upper class, upper middle class, lower middle class and extreme poverty class. The extreme poverty class people live by tooth and nails struggle. No need for the extreme poverty class to exist. The founders of colonialism and neo-colonialism are not unintelligent but ingenious in perpetuating the extreme poverty class by aid to the poor and import dependency culture. We must together outlaw the extreme poverty class and inequalities.

C Why extreme poverty class exists

1.10

The extreme poverty class is the human creation of the society in which we live. The class system creates inequality and extreme poverty fatigue. The extreme poverty class persists for lack of education, skills and nepotism. Discrimination in employment and investment feeds extreme poverty fatigue. Corruption and denial of access to justice encourage growth of extreme poverty class. The human being is a funny and odd phenomenon and instead of exploiting non-human natural resources of the earth it tends to exploit fellow human being. But there is a way out of the conundrum. African solidarity for strategic agricultural and industrial revolution is the game-changer for Africa and the world. There is no need to make Africa poor to make the rest of the world rich.

D Strategic development truth (SDT) is people-focused development

1.11

Strategic development truth should be sustained by education. Strategic development truth means people-centred or focussed development. That indivisible and strategic development truth (SDT) is the goal and the life which must be embraced by all and it is the fulcrum of the liberating message of the book. It means transparency and full disclosure by all the parties in every transaction. It means loyalty to the state and the company for which one works. It means zero criminal behaviour. It means total devotion to service and work to improve lives. Evil triumphs if good people are silent and do nothing.

E Interests of African power brokers must not ruin Africa for the benefit of foreign agents

1.12

That strategic development truth requires that the private interests of African power brokers should not be allowed to undermine and ruin the development of Africa for the benefit of their stomach and foreign agents. The African power brokers include all politicians and decisionmakers on Africa and their agents, connections and associates within and without.

F Agric food, mining, gas and oil sectors of the African economy

1.13

The agric, food, mining, gas and oil sectors of the African economy need reform and liberation to ensure transparency and integrity in the management of their operations.

G African non-access to electric energy impact

1.14

Non-access to electric energy is the fundamental cause of lack of agricultural and industrial revolution in in Africa. Machines run on energy.

H Strategic African solidarity for strategic industrial Revolution: the game changer for Africa

1.15

Strategic agricultural and industrial revolution is a novelty not known in Africa for reasons best known by the powers that be. African agricultural and industrial revolution is the game changer for Africa and the world. That revolution outlaws import dependency, aid and extreme poverty fatigue in Africa and the world.

I Organization of African Unity (OAU) initiatives terminating in the African Union (AU)

1.16

The efforts of the OAU to outlaw extreme poverty in Africa finally terminated in the founding of the African Union through the Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000. The African Union concept is dynamic, but its implementation needs African Union Commission intervention with ICT Staff experts and the whole network of the people of Africa.

J Strategic African solidarity and people-centered development goal mechanisms of AU

1.17

The development goals and mechanisms of the African Union are changing in the light of the UN SDGs. The agitation for agricultural and industrial revolution in Africa is getting stronger to eradicate extreme poverty, aid and export dependency fatigue. The roles of the workers, the women and the chiefs are being summoned to promote the revolution which can contain civil strife and lead to productive activities by all inclusive.

K What can international law do in African strategic solidarity for industrial Revolution?

1.18

International law is the law between states and not within states. International law can change everything in Africa and the world. International law can remove all the colonial and neo-colonial barriers in the African continent and in the world up to high heaven. Look at the impact of the UN SDGs treaty on the world population from 2016 to 2030. African infrastructure integration for agricultural and industrial revolution is the game changer for Africa and the world.

1.19

International law between African states must be enforceable and be enforced. We need technocrats to make the laws and to enforce them. Isolated and conflicting political will of some African Heads of State and Government is not right in the new situation.

L African international economic law

1.20

African international economic law is imposed by the Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000 as amended. Implementation of that treaty law is in a perilous state due to lack of funding and driving force. Here the African Union Commission technocrats become relevant in raising revenue to support the public services of the African Union.

1.21

The rule of law including the human rights and freedoms must be respected in overriding African Union government for sustainable agricultural and industrial Revolution.

1.22

African Union is weak because the African economy is weak due to its import dependency fatigue. That weakness and import dependency fatigue are also reflected in the inability of the African Union to enforce its own treaties. Let alone to raise revenue. Lack of funding as the cause is due to lack of integration or liberation of the economy and its import dependency fatigue. African Union Single Market is the way forward.

M The World Bank Group supports African sustainable industrial Revolution

1.23

The two ambitious goals of the World Bank Group are firstly, to end extreme poverty within a generation, secondly, to boost shared prosperity. The World Bank Group is an organisation that makes leveraged loans to developing countries. Since inception in 1944, the World Bank has expanded from a single institution to a closely associated group of five development institutions. The mission of the World Bank evolved from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) as facilitator of post-war reconstruction and development to the present-day mandate of worldwide poverty alleviation in close coordination with its affiliates

1.24

The 12th President of the World Bank Group, Dr Jim Yong Kim, who is determined to make a difference in the world, is open to receive and consider bankable projects from developing countries and in particular for building sustainable African infrastructure in order to stimulate industri-alization of Africa and to reduce extreme poverty and import dependency fatigue. African industrialization programme must move on simultaneously with building the infrastructure projects in all the regional economic communities (RECs) The New Global Infrastructure Facility (GIF) dated October 8 2014 of the World Bank is opportune for Africa.

1.25

The World Bank Group consists of five member institutions: International Bank of Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), International Development Association (IDA), International Finance Corporation (IFC), Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) between states and foreign nationals.

1.26

The goals of Eugene Robert Black, the third President of the World Bank Group, 1949 to 1963, in combating international inequality, extreme poverty reduction, import dependency fatigue and development in Africa and the world were evident in his introspection on the projects of the World Bank Group when he declared:

1.27

Desirable as these projects are, they do not, by and large, provide great numbers of new jobs, particularly skilled jobs, for Africans; they do not produce goods for the local market and thereby encourage the learning and the spread of modern business practices; they have not succeeded in stimulating local enterprise (Tales of Two Continents Africa and South America (University of Georgia, 1961 p. 9)

1.28

That historic remark of President Eugene Robert Black must be borne in mind in dealing with Africa. Eugene Robert Black, President of the World Bank Group, called for industrialization and structural economic transformation in Africa through foreign direct investment to eradicate import dependency fatigue in Africa. That stance would create new jobs and particularly new skilled jobs in computer technology and manufacturing engineering. That stance would create manufacturing companies to produce goods for the local African market and thereby eradicate the import dependency culture and fatigue of Africa and encourage education in modern business methods and a balance on the international accounts. That stance would lead to expanding economic development opportunities for Africans. That stance would contain international inequality, aid and extreme poverty in Africa and the world. That is a historic stance which should be fulfilled by the African agricultural and industrial Revolution. President Eugene Robert Black was American gentleman and the elements were well mixed in him and his views must be respected by all right-thinking persons.

1.29

Every nation seeks to modernize, to invest in infrastructure, industrialize, manufacture for consumption at home and export, to enhance its terms of trade, to create jobs, and prosperity under international investment confidence order. International law on promoting sustainable development goals is on a dramatic path to lift the whole world population out of extreme poverty into peaceful prosperity and to save the world from climate change catastrophe.

1.30

The World Bank Group called for that revolution in Africa and the world. This profound call should not be swept under the carpet or be glossed over by private foreign direct investors, development partners, African leaders, African stakeholders, the youth of Africa, and current President of the World Bank Group, endowed with reason and conscience.

1.31

Eugene Robert Black was born on May 1, 1898 in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated with BA Honours degree at the University of Georgia in 1917. He passed away on February 20, 1992. His goals and vision for private foreign direct investment in Africa were pending for fulfilment. During his tenure as the third President of the World Bank from 1949 to 1962, Eugene Black was regarded as the world’s best-known banker.

1.32

Eugene Robert Black formed two affiliates of the World Bank: The International Finance Corporation (IFC) was formed in 1956 to promote the private sector. International Development Association (IDA) was formed in1960 in response to the proposal of the US Senator Mike Monroney to meet the soft loan needs of the newly independent African States.

1.33

Eugene Robert Black travelled widely in the developing countries of South America, Africa and Asia. He took a large view of the developing countries and he sought to engender an international social conscience, a feeling that extreme differences between poverty and wealth were unacceptable among family of nations.

1.34

According to the archives of the World Bank, President Eugene Robert Black’s legacy is clear and forceful: Black had a vivid sense of the meaning of underdevelopment. Extensive trips to the Bank’s member countries allowed him to see first-hand the living and working conditions of the population. Compassion and curiosity made him take full advantage of the opportunity for extensive field visits. And he sought to convey to his audiences in the developed world some sense of the disparity between rich and poor countries, and the tensions created by the ever-widening gap between industrial and developing countries. He felt a compelling need to speed the development process because the problems would only increase with time. And he realized that world stability could not be achieved if whole populations were engaged in a tooth-and-nail struggle merely to keep themselves alive."

1.35

Again, according to the archives of the World Bank, there was recognition in President Eugene Black’s era that the Bank must support the development programmes of the developing countries. This was expressed by President Eugene Robert Black in his powerful vision: The Bank’s work is not to be assessed in terms of the building of cold monuments of stone and steel and concrete; it has had a deeper purpose – to enlarge the riches of the earth, to give men light and warmth, to lift them out of drudgery and despair, to interest them in stirring of ideas, in the grasp of organization and techniques toward the realization of a day in which plenty will be a real possibility and not a distant dream.

1.36

African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development promotes integration or liberation of the African continent for massive development and industrialisation of Africa visions and the strategies of President Eugene Robert Black.

N Europe is in Africa for mutual benefits of Europe and Africa

1.37

Europe is in Africa for business and not to do charity for Africa. Lord Lugard explains the reasons of European presence in Africa in an instructive way when he stated:

1.38

Let it be admitted at the outset that European brains, capital and energy have not been, and never will be, expended in developing the resources of Africa from motives of pure philanthropy; that Europe is in Africa for the mutual benefit of her own industrial classes, and of the native races in their progress to a higher plane. (The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (1965) at p. 617)

1.39

That was a profound statement of European adventure in Africa. Europe was in Africa to generate wealth and regular income for its shareholders and management. Europe was supposed to create significant employment and infrastructure development in Africa but this did not happen as we found it. Lord Lugard’s message was addressed to Africans, the European investment communities and the whole foreign investment community.

1.40

Frederick John Dealtry Lugard, later known as Lord Lugard 1858-1945 played an outstanding role in British colonial history between 1888 and 1945. He was a professional soldier and served in India and in the Afghan, Sudan and the Burma campaigns. He opened up East Africa under the imperial British East Africa Company. He moved from East Africa to West Africa under the British Royal Niger Company and established British control over Nigeria. The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa first published in 1922 is a record of his colonial adventures and the struggle to keep the imperialism of the French out of Africa. He served as the Governor of Hong Kong from 1907 to 1912 and founded the University of Hong Kong. In 1928 he became Baron Lugard of Abinger and spoke with authority in the House of Lords on colonial issues. He died at Abinger, Surrey, on April 11, 1945.

1.41

The British Royal Niger Company and British East Africa Company under which Lord Lugard served in Africa were like the modern multinational corporations save modern electronic communication technology. The profit motive was the driving force for all and not the desire to do charity for Africans or promote the development of Africa for the benefit of Africans.

1.42

European presence in Africa goes as far back to the 16th century culminating in the European scramble for Africa and partition of Africa into colonies at a Berlin Conference in 1885. The relationship has changed from a concession to the foreign investor in Africa to economic development agreement in recognition of the dying of colonialism in Africa.

1.43

The old concessions exploited the natural resources of Africa and were not aimed at the development of Africa. Hence, the African Union and NEPAD reconstruction of Africa initiative is relevant. NEPAD is announcing a new scramble for Africa.

1.44

Africans are prepared to conclude joint venture agreements and other business agreements with European entrepreneurs for development of African natural resources and infrastructure for the benefit of Europe and Africa. Lord Lugard’s declaration is instructive to the parties in concluding economic development agreement for implementation in Africa and for job creation in Africa.

O Multinational corporations have no development motive in their foreign investment

1.45

The aim of the multinational corporations in foreign investment is to act not as a development agent of the world and to develop the host state. If so, they would not continue to survive since the end of the Second World War when the United States multinational corporations were first on the stage due to the control of the United States of the world economy immediately after World War II from 1945 to 1960. That theory of the multinational corporations acting as development agents was vehemently denied by Professor Harry Johnson when he explained the concern and the exploitative aim of the multinational corporations in investing in the developing countries:

1.46

"The corporation’s concern in establishing branch operations in a particular developing economy is not to promote the development of that economy according to any political conception of what development is, but to make satisfactory profits for its management and shareholders. Its capacity to make profits derives essentially from its possession of productive knowledge, which includes management methods and marketing skills as well as production technology.

1.47

It has no commercial interest in diffusing its knowledge to potential local competitors, nor has it any real interest in investing more than it has to in acquiring knowledge of local conditions and investigating ways of adapting its own productive knowledge to local factor-price ratios and market conditions.

1.48

Its purpose is not to transform the economy by exploiting its potentialities, especially its human potentialities for development, but to exploit the existing situation to its own profit by utilization of the knowledge it already possessed, at minimum cost of adaptation and adjustment to itself.

1.49

The corporation cannot be expected to invest in the development of new technologies appropriate to the typical developing country situation of scarcity of capital and abundance of unskilled, uneducated, illiterate labour, and in the mass training of blue-collar, white-collar and specialist executive local personnel. It has at its disposal an effective technology appropriate to the capital and skilled-labour-redundant circumstances of the developed countries.

1.50

Hence, it will invest in technological research on the adaptation of its technology and in the development of local labour skills only to the extent that such investment holds forth a clear prospect of profit. (The Multinational Corporation as a Development Agent" [1970] 70 Columbia Journal of World Business at p. 26.)

1.51

The multinational corporations are the dominant producers and distributors of goods and services in the foreign investment market because they controlled the technologies of the world. Indeed, the whole investment world is owned by the multinational corporations. Their survival is dictated not because they are development agents of the world but by their monopoly and dominance in the market. Who can compete with that dominant position?

1.52

In another development from Albert O. Hirschman in his analysis of the effects of international investment on host countries he said:

1.53

"Foreign investment brings not only the danger of economic plunder and political domination which are the stock-in-trade of the various theories of imperialism, but a number of other, more subtle, yet serious effects and side effects which can handicap the development efforts of countries placing prolonged and substantial reliance on private investment from abroad. (How to Divest in Latin America, and why, (Albert O. Hirschman, Princeton University Press, 1969) at p. 3.

P Medium-term foreign aid is better aid for Africa

1.54

What is foreign aid? Foreign aid is government to government financial assistance or loans, bilateral and multilateral aid. Foreign aid includes financing the balance of trade and payments by the IMF, financing by the World Bank Group, annual budgetary deficit financial gift to the developing countries, financing public health, education, democracy, governance, defence, settling conflicts, and offering more and more interminable foreign aid to a foreign government by another foreign government. Let alone Chinese aid. All foreign aid for Africa can be reduced to zero within five years of African integration or liberation.

1.55

Foreign aid is a foreign policy tool of the donor to influence the policy of the vulnerable receiver towards the donor. Foreign aid is not controlled by international law but by international politics and diplomacy in a state of flux and it is fragile to the detriment of the vulnerable receiver. The aid can be withdrawn by the donor without notice only to punish the recipient.

1.56

Foreign aid is a transitional measure to supplement foreign direct investment. Foreign aid should not be offered by the donor or received by the receiver beyond a necessary transitional short-term period for creating stability in the receiver state. Foreign aid should not be interminable. Interminable foreign aid is a barrier to development and stability in Africa and the world.

1.57

Foreign aid should not be converted into a perpetual measure for developing Africa and for underdevelopment of Africa. Accordingly, foreign aid was decried by the Osagyefo Dr Kwame Nkrumah, the founder and president of Ghana, as neo-colonialism to perpetuate colonial poverty culture in Africa.

1.58

Foreign aid institutionalises a crisis of instability in our mind and in Africa. Stability in Africa is stability in other regions of the world. Foreign aid should be discouraged in favour of sustainable direct investment in African continental free trade area without barriers.

1.59

Foreign aid entrenches corruption through African governments and foreign donors; it emboldens malleable African and foreign governments to perpetuate undemocratic administration in Africa for self-preservation at the expense of development of Africa. Foreign aid militates against democ-ratization in Africa, transparency in the electoral system, the rule of law, and better quality of life in Africa and the world. Often aid is not withdrawn from some undemocratic states for political reasons.

1.60

Foreign aid has limited function. Foreign aid cannot bite deep. Aid is not an international charity. The weight of uncoordinated foreign aid and debt repayment could kill development in Africa and the world; it could create a major risk for African integration and for developing a stable single Afro currency zone in the African single social market economy.

1.61

Donor fatigue is inevitable in foreign aid. Hence, foreign aid is unpredictable and unreliable mechanism for development of Africa. Foreign investment for industrialisation in Africa under the control of African Union transnational law is the real response for Africa and the world.

1.62

Neo-colonialism in Africa in the guise of aid is a disincentive for development of Africa: it generates extreme poverty, import dependency fatigue, slavery, corruption, greed, selfishness, tribal politics, internal and external barriers, and inelegant division of Africa; it distorts conscience and reason; it undermines democracy and the electoral system, mutual trust, quality of life, creativity, competitive agreements, industrialisation of Africa and self-esteem. Neo-colonialism is a discredited system only perpetuated through unsustainable greed, ignorance and irrational thought in divided Africa. Aid reduces sovereign states to client or debtor states or vasal states of the donors.

1.63

The only way to restore the self and reason in order to overcome the dependency culture mischiefs, so that their perturbed and vicious spirits should no longer annoy Africa, and so that Africa can live in abundance and tranquillity is to support sustainable agricultural and industrial revolution in Africa through African integration or liberation in African Single Markets.

1.64

The African Union is effusive in its aspiration to ensure total liberation and freedom of Africa from foreign domination and for a meaningful economic independence of Africa. That focus accepts the truth and the vision that better quality of life in Africa lies in unification or integration of Africa by common voice for the common good, in freedom from the yoke of neo-colonialism, for protection of foreign investment and for industrialisation in Africa.

1.65

Foreign direct investment under the control of international law is the only visible vehicle involving effective transfer of technology and management to the local joint venture party; it can meet the requirements of employment creation, industrialisation in Africa, freedom to choose, international balance of trade and payments, stability, and banishing the dependency and poverty culture. Interim and medium-term, five-year-term, foreign aid for Africa should be coordinated under the governance of African Union transnational law.

1.66

An extended aid beyond five years is a shameful neo-colonialism strategy inconsistent with UN Charter Article 55 on creation of conditions of wellbeing and stability which are necessary for peaceful and friendly relations among nations based on respect for principles of equal rights and self-determination of peoples and for promoting higher standards of living, full employment, and conditions of economic and social progress and development. The IMF bailout intervention in Ghana in 2015 and the responses of powerful members of the UN are inconsistent with Chapter 55 of the Charter, save allegation of fraud in the Ghana financial system. Extended aid is inconsistent with UN Charter Article 55.

Q International acquisitive society of capitalism in the private and public sectors of the economy

1.67

Capitalism is private or public ownership of property in the world economy for making money. Money becomes the whore of capitalism for breeding money. The world economy is dominated by international acquisitive society of private capitalism or private ownership of property in the private sector of the economy in the West or public capitalism or public ownership of property in the public sector as in China. The two opposing camps have their own controversial public policy to control capitalism or ownership of property in making money. Africa is dominated by private ownership of property capitalism and it is too late to change to public ownership of property capitalism. In any event both private ownership of property capitalism and public ownership of property capitalism are acquisitive and they were focused on seeking their own interests by hook or crook.

1.68

The international acquisitive society of capitalism is governed by the ethics and goals of the private sector in the West and the goals of the public sector in China. In both the West and China the acquisitive society is influenced by the public social service ideals of the public sector as evident in the defence, ethics, merits and disciplines of the international acquisitive society of private ownership of property capitalism:

1.69

"An acquisitive society in which men are engaged in making money for themselves and for their families, primarily with the object of self-support, is the noblest form of association. The socialists affirm that social service is a higher ideal than private money-making. We must take human nature as we find it, make the best of the motives, which regulate the conduct of ordinary men. We find that men will willingly surrender their ease and face a life of laborious toil. They toil in order to provide for their wives and children and even a distant posterity.

1.70

The ownership of property, though sometimes demoralizing, is most generally educative. The ownership of property fosters a cluster of virtues and interest of its own. Ownership of property heightens and enriches personality by the span of experience and weight of responsibilities, which it brings in its train.

1.71

We are not aware that money-making is bad for the character. On the contrary, money-making is for the normal man the most harmless employment to which he can devote himself (HAL Fisher The Ethics of Capitalism" (1933) Lloyd Bank Review at p 143)

1.72

The private acquisitive society is justifiable for the protection of the spouse, the children and the family. That assumes everybody is educated and have access to knowledge, skill, productive resources and technology. That is responsible capitalism.

1.73

The Thatcherite neoliberal idea that what drives people to work is money is not always true. People seek to focus on something that makes them feel happy, not always regarded as valued in the terms of money making. That Thatcherite neoliberal idea came from the US and President Reagan and it is half-truth because it is based on pursuit of inelegant self-interest with no or little regard for the extreme poverty class.

1.74

The ethics and disciplines of the international acquisitive society of capitalism demonstrate the dignity of labour, the dignity of service, the devotion, the commitment, integrity, passion, loyalty and responsibility in money making for self-support and support of others. Ownership of property enhances personality; it fosters risk taking in all sectors of the economy for generating sustainable wealth, employment, development and stability, it enables education, discovery, innovation and civilization. The disciplines of the acquisitive society are the standards of capitalism.

1.75

Capitalism is not interested in eradicating extreme poverty from the world. Sovereign states are not interested in eradicating extreme poverty as a matter of priority, unless some pressure from external is brought to compel them like UN SDGs treaty of Ban Ki Moon.

1.76

Market values of the acquisitive society undermine integrity, justice, equality, moral, family and social values. The creed of the acquisitive society holds that money is a medium of exchange, a store of value and wealth for now and posterity, money talks any language, money does not smell, money rules the world and it never dies. Everybody is for himself and God for us all. That is pursuit of extreme self-interest. That is false market fundamentalism which ignores the extreme poverty class.

1.77

In that sense there is conflict between capitalism and the open socialist society. The open democratic socialist society believes in the integrity of the human being and transparency in money making. The democratic socialists depart from the protocol of capitalism or private ownership of property.

1.78

Capitalism which does not reduce extreme poverty worldwide is bad and dangerous and it must be regulated by the state. HAL Fisher failed to analyse how Europe through private capitalism exploited and underdeveloped Africa. (See, Lord Lugard, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (1965); Walter Rodney, How Europe Underdeveloped Africa; Joseph Stiglitz, Globalisation and Its Discontents; Joseph Stiglitz, Inequalities; China and Africa: Emerging Patterns in Globalization and Development (Edited by Julia C Strauss and Martha Saavedra) CUP 2009. This book of various contributors covers engagement of China capitalism in projects in Africa and relations in different African countries and sectors)

R Funding the AU Public Services

1.79

African Union cannot rely on aid to drive the African Union. Even the 0.2% Levy on eligible imports imposed on members is not enough to sustain the African Union ambition for accelerated integration and massive development. Taxation of income and capital is the traditional instrument for gathering revenue for administration of the state. The African Union could examine the revenue ways and means of running the African Union. The AU could assume revenue and expenditure Budget responsibility for all AU Members.

S What is the purpose of the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM)

1.80

The purpose of the APRM is to foster the adoption of common policies, standards and practices that contribute to stability, high economic growth, and accelerated sub-regional and continental economic integration of Africa. These objectives are expressed in NEPAD Declaration on Democracy, Political Governance, Economic and Corporate Governance 2002, the Base Document 2003, and the Memorandum of Understanding on the African Peer Review Mechanism 2003 in consistency with the Constitutive Act of the AU.

1.81

The mandate of the APRM is to guarantee that the policies and prac-tices of the participating states conform to the agreed political, economic and corporate governance values, codes and standards contained in the NEPAD Declaration on Democracy, Political Governance, Economic and Corporate Governance 2002. These purposes are consistent with the objectives of the AU.

T Structure of the book in five scenario parts

1.82

African Union Transnational Law for Infrastructure Development extols African Union transnational law for accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent for infrastructure development of the African continent in the African Single Market inspired by the Constitutive Act of the African Union 2000.

U Part One: Fundamental infrastructures of the African Union for creating jobs, wealth and prosperity

1.83

Part one scenario offers the introduction to the book and highlights fundamental issues of African integration. The necessity of African liberation for strategic industrial revolution as the gamechanger is underlined.

V Part two: Strategic African solidarity under international economic law Revolution

1.84

Part two scenario offers the struggle of the African Union to integrate under African Union transnational law to accelerate development of Africa. This part exposes the dilemma of the African Union members in their struggle to realise their African Union integration dream.

W Part three: Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and Pan Africanism for strategic industrial Revolution

1.85

The vision, goals and efforts of Kwame Nkrumah to secure Ghana and African emancipation from the yoke of colonialism and development plans of Nkrumah were explored in part three. Kwame Nkrumah is the pan African trailblazer. His legacy for Ghana and Africa is his incorruptible leadership for total liberation or integration of Africa in African Single Market.

X Part four: Incorruptible leadership for strategic African solidarity for strategic industrial Revolution

1.86

Part four scenario tackled infrastructure development issues like corruption and the vast investment opportunities in Africa. The novel and conflicting approaches of some African Heads of state and Government were exposed. The presence of world powers in Africa and their contributions to infrastructure development of Africa were unveiled.

Y Part five: Petition and Recommendations to the African Union for top-down accelerated integration and infrastructure development policy for the African continent for the happiness of the many and not the few

1.87

Petition and Recommendations to the African Union leaders for top-down accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent and infrastructure development policy is presented in part five and the final chapter 21 of the book.

Z Summary

1.88

The book presents the scenario in twenty-one chapters. Each chapter is devoted to solution of specific problems. Chapter one is an introduction emphasising the significance of strategic African solidarity for development of Africa and the relevance of African personality culture. The support of the World Bank Group for strategic industrial revolution in Africa is highlighted. The dominant market position of the multinational corporations is explained. Aid and private capitalism are approbated and reprobated.

1.89

Chapter two scenario explains the African land and the struggle of the people under colonialism and neo-colonialism and the colonial impact and barriers to sustainable development of Africa.

1.90

Chapter three presents African Union struggle to accelerate the liberation and development of Africa. Currently, the AU is prioritising with the Peace and Security Council (PSC) of the African Union in fighting terrorism and civil strife in Africa. UN chief and African leaders pledge action on terrorism, civil strife. The UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-Moon and dozens of African leaders at AU Summit at Addis Ababa on Friday 29 January 2016, declared total support towards efforts to combat terrorism and violent conflicts on the continent. Job creation for the youth could divert their interest in terrorism to private money making. African liberation or integration for sustainable agricultural and industrial revolution is relevant in containing terrorism and civil strife.

1.91

Chapter four covers the responses of the African Economic Communities in regional integration struggle. Top-down approach must intervene after all bottom-up approaches are in disconnect.

1.92

Chapter five presents the incorruptible works of Kwame Nkrumah for emancipation of Ghana and Africa from the yoke of colonialism and imperialism. Chapter six opens the debate on Kwame Nkrumah and his contributions to development of Ghana and Africa.

1.93

Chapter seven examines education problems in Ghana and came out with critical recommendations of the people in the system. The significance of education in Ghana and how education of the people is suffering were presented. Lack of self-empowering vocational, technical, professional and ICT education for women and men is the fundamental cause of lack of dynamic human capital and the source of underdevelopment and dehumanising extreme poverty culture in the Ghana and Africa. Quality education is lacking.

1.94

Corruption in public and private sectors of Ghana was exposed in chapter eight. There was full realization that corruption should be punished through the rule of law and it should be outlawed to encourage investment and productivity. Corruption is a structural barrier to investment and development. Coup is not the way out of corruption.

1.95

Chapter nine examines resilience of the Ghana economy. The open agitation is the call for transformation of the economy and to end import dependency fatigue of the economy. Lack of access to energy is the fundamental cause and the source of underdevelopment and dehumanising extreme poverty in Ghana and the African economy. In sum, the elegant solution is African integration for sustainable agricultural and industrial revolution for transformation of Africa.

1.96

Chapter ten explores the Ghana economy under the IMF 2015 partnership bailout and control of the economy. The IMF programme is a medium-term platform for fiscal consolidation to build upon a dramatic sustainable agricultural and industrial revolution in Africa; it cannot fly higher than that platform.

1.97

The purpose of the IMF Ghana bailout programme is to mop up corrupt liquidity in the system, to conduct discussions on review of Ghana’s financial and economic programme supported by the IMF’s Extended Credit Facility (ECF). The discussions focus on the implementation of the programme, the medium-term outlook and policies needed to restore debt sustainability, macroeconomic stability, and an assumed return to high growth and job creation while protecting the extreme poverty class.

1.98

Return to high growth and job creation while protecting the extreme poverty class will never and never happen unless African integration for sustainable industrial revolution based on transformation of the African economies is allowed to happen first: that is the true solution that will eradicate corruption and extreme poverty culture in Africa and the world. There is no speculation or assumption about that. The IMF guarantees nothing. African integration or liberation in African Single Markets is the answer.

1.99

Chapter eleven poses for Africa the choice of borrowing for strategic investment and development and strategic investment for industrial Revolution for long-term growth and development as against tactical investment in the hope of achieving short-term gains. Borrowing money to restructure old national debt is a shameful living in a tactical investment debt trap of aid. Strategic investment in agricultural and industrial revolution in African Single Market is the game-changer for Africa and the world.

1.100

Chapter twelve presents the historic election victory of President Buhari of Nigeria and his incorruptible leadership and inspiring fight against corruption and violence in Nigeria. The policy of President Buhari on agricultural and industrial revolution in Nigeria is the elegant gamechanger for Nigeria and Africa. Africa needs African Single Agricultural Market (ASAM) under African Union transnational law.

1.101

Chapter thirteen explores African oil governance and oil contracts and oil curse. The impact of the fall in oil price on development finance is exposed. The lesson is to support integration of agricultural and industrial revolution as the game-changer for Africa. We cannot eat oil. Oil without processing in Africa is dead. What we need is African Single Market in oil under African Union transnational law.

1.102

Chapter fourteen explores the leadership of President Jacob Azuma of South Africa. The outstanding leadership of President Zuma is decisive in the liberation and development of South Africa and the African Union. African Union transnational law is our saving grace.

1.103

Chapter fifteen explores infrastructure deficits in Africa and the huge investment opportunities in Africa. The deficits should be eradicated by strategic agricultural and industrial revolution. That involves vigorous education of the youth to initiate own business in the revolution. African Union transnational law is our saviour in building the infrastructure.

1.104

Chapter sixteen presents Chinese international investment strategy and the rise of China in Africa and the world. Myths about China in development in Africa and the world were exposed. China is powerful but it cannot buy the whole world. Africa must be liberated from the grip of neo-colonialism by integration in African Single Markets.

1.105

Chapter seventeen seeks to introduce the efforts of President Obama to establish the presence of United States companies in the development of the African economy too late and too little. United States companies have a lot to offer to Africa and they should not be sitting on the fence. Africa must integrate in African Continental Free Trade Area with Single Markets and Customs Union to meet the challenges of the US.

1.106

Chapter eighteen highlights the European Union rule of law system and dilemma on immigration, unity and leadership in the EU, Africa and the world. The impact of British exit of the EU is in wait to be seen. Africa must be liberated in African Single Markets.

1.107

Chapter nineteen introduces the impact of climate change and the Paris global warming deal impact on Africa and the world. Africa must adopt a common platform on funding.

1.108

Chapter twenty dwells on rising in agitations for agricultural and industrial revolution in African single economy and market. This chapter brings to the forefront hunger and starvation in Africa due to drought and crop failure. African primary commodities comprise commodities of mining and agriculture including food, forestry and fisheries. Africa is the only continent which has no agricultural Revolution to overcome food shortage. Lack of access to electricity is the basic cause of lack of agricultural and industrial Revolution in Africa. Africa must invest in agriculture for food production to sustain its industrial Revolution and to create resilient food systems that will boost access to high-quality food security and nutrition to transform lives. Africa needs African Single Agricultural Market (ASAM) under African Union transnational law.

1.109

Part five presents accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent through African Union transnational law for the happiness of the many and not the few.

1.110

The final chapter twenty-one dwells on the Petition and Recommendations to Your Excellencies, African Union leaders, on African Union transnational law for accelerated integration and infrastructure development of the African continent in the African Single Market for the happiness of the many and not the few. The overriding priority of African leaders is accelerated integration or liberation of the African continent for infrastructure development. Total African continental integration is the foundation for infrastructure development.

1.111

The greatest rejoice in Africa and the world today is African integration for sustainable agricultural and industrial revolution in African Single Markets to arrest and disarm the demon of extreme poverty, aid in perpetuity and interminable recession in Africa and to usher monumental and phenomenal prosperity into Africa.

1.112

This is our ultimate IMF aid programme, President Mahama said in August 2016 at the 10th Quadrennial Delegates Congress of the Ghana Trades Union Congress (TUC) at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). The theme is: Building workers power for decent work and national development". The theme should add Building workers power for decent work and remuneration with employee share ownership in companies for national and continental infrastructure development and to contribute to effective job-creation by employing ICT skills and upholding African Union transnational law for infrastructure development in African Single Market.

PART TWO

Strategic African Solidarity Under International Economic Law Revolution

2

African Land and the People and Control of Investment and Development

A.

Africa has 1/5th of the land mass of the world

B.

Population of Africa

C.

Great civilizations of Africa since BC4

D.

Africa’s natural resources and the African economy

E.

European trade and European colonialism world in Africa and the Berlin Conference

F.

Misconceptions about Africa

A Africa has 1/5th of the land mass of the world

2.01

Africa has 1/5th of the land mass of the earth planet. Africa is endowed with natural resources and is a vast land, probably equal to the size of Europe, North America, South America and Oceana put together. That land mass is pregnant with immeasurable natural wealth, metals, raw materials, natural energy resources, tourist resorts, and impenetrable forest reserves full of rare animals to satisfy the insatiable appetite of the tourism industry for sustainable development and renewal of Africa and the world. Further, the natural resources could be converted into manufactured goods to restructure the African economy. The yell is the call for strategic African solidarity for strategic agricultural and industrial Revolution. One cannot suffer from any fatigue in appealing for this infrastructure Revolution to eradicate extreme poverty in Africa.

B Population of Africa

2.02

African Union has 54 sovereign states including six islands with inbuilt financial, investment and trade barriers, harping in colonial legacies and in 35 out of the 50 poorest countries of the world of 193 sovereign states. According to the United Nations World Population Prospects 2015, 60 percent of the world population lives in Asia (4.4 billion), 16 percent in Africa (1.2 billion), 10 percent in Europe (737 million), nine percent in Latin America and the Caribbean (634 million), and the remaining 5 percent in North America (358 million) and Oceania (39 million).

2.03

Asia and Africa combined boast 76 percent population of the world. Inadequate development funding explains extreme poverty gap in Asia and Africa. See Ch.18.42 on UN global population projections by 2050 and by 2100 and in particular for Nigeria and Africa.

2.04

Africa is the 2nd largest continent by population and land size. Africa can accommodate its growing population firstly, if mining and oil governance contracts are transparent, secondly, if agricultural and industrial Revolution is declared in Africa. Those two factors will change the game on Africa. Private capitalism based on colonialism and neo-colonialism in Africa is a barrier to the development of Africa. Colonialism is still ruling Africa from the grave and only strategic agricultural and industrial Revolution in the African single market can defeat it.

C Great civilizations of Africa since BC4

2.05

Living in the past may sometimes help to explain the misconceptions. Great civilizations, organised African states, kingdoms, and empires existed in Africa from the time our current Christian civilisation began by the year BC 4. These organised states included the kingdoms of Ethiopia, Egypt, Morocco, Libya, Tunis, and the Ghana Empire. The latter was situated in West Africa with political and economic influence across the Sahara desert to North Africa and to East and Southern Africa.

2.06

The Ghana Empire embraced traditional African organised states and Muslim states. The Ghana Empire flourished from about the year BC 4 to 1250 when it declined. The Mali Empire emerged out of the ruins of the Ghana Empire and it declined by the year 1450. The Mali Empire was overthrown by the Songhai Empire, which was situated along River Niger and extended to Sudan. The Songhai Empire flourished from about the year 1400 till the year 1591 when it was defeated in the Battle of Tondibi by an invading army from North Africa. These combined three African Empires lasted longer than any single Empire since the beginning of Christian civilisation.

2.07

Migration to the present-day States of Africa was the result of the decline of and the Great Dispersions from the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire and the ancient African kingdoms. The people were one people in one destiny in the migration within the African continent.

2.08

The colonial adventure with gun boats in Africa culminating in the scramble for Africa and division of Africa by the European powers was too powerful to resist by unarmed Africans. The UN Charter is the saviour of Africa and the world.

D Africa’s natural resources and the African economy

2.09

The African economy is rated the 11th largest economy in the world, after the United States, China, Germany, France, Britain, Japan, Italy, Canada, India, and the Russian Federation. Africa comes up as the eleventh largest economy, yet counted poor because Africa is not industrialised and is import dependent from the rest of the world.

2.10

Africa commands 1/5 of the world’s land-mass. Africa boasts of a major part of the world’s natural resources, including rich deposit of uranium. For instance Algeria is a world leader in natural gas exports, oil, phosphates and lead. Recent oil discoveries off the coast of West Africa, as well as those in Chad, Ghana, in addition to that of Nigeria and Angola and other African countries make Africa important as the Middle East in the crude oil market.

2.11

Africa has about 40% of the world’s total hydro-electricity capacity; half of it in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. South Africa leads the world as a producer of gold, vanadium, chrome, and is among the top producers of gem and industrial diamonds and uranium, asbestos, antimony, manganese, platinum and coal.

2.12

The southern and central African region, including Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique, DR Congo, Namibia, Angola and Botswana are mineral rich in substantial deposits of cobalt, zinc, bauxite, copper and iron ore. The high-tech economies of the world depend on coltan for making computer chips from the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2.13

The African Sahara desert land area, which is bigger than the land area of the USA, needs exploitation for agriculture production and mineral resources. Irrigation and the greening of the Sahara desert are feasible with modern technology. With the Sahara greening scheme in motion, Africa could feed and support over seven billion population of the world.

2.14

African industrialization is vital for development of the African economy. Diversification of the economy is on the agenda for expansion of the economy. All African States should pool their natural resources and people together in order to respond to the needs of Africa for renewal of Africa.

2.15

Africa needs to improve governance, transparency and create sound infrastructure for growth in the private sector: that means building effective governmental institutions to manage the private sector. That goal would ensure revenues and diversification benefits from the African continent’s oil and gas, minerals and