A CONCISE REVIEW ON DEPRESSION AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES
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A consice review on depression and alternative therapies helpful for pharmacy students and faculties who are doing research in the areas of depression.
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A CONCISE REVIEW ON DEPRESSION AND ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES - Lavanya Yaidikar
PREFACE
It my immense pleasure to spotlight the first edition of the book to the pharmacy and life science students who are working in the area of depression and alternative therapies.
Truthful efforts have been made to present a concise review on depression such as history, epidemiology, etiology, signs and symptoms, types, pathophysiology, diagnosis and alternative therapies of depression which is going to give a short and clear theoretical background for the researchers in the area of depression.
I am thankful to the management of Seven Hills College of Pharmacy for their encouragement and support to bring out this edition.
I am thankful to Bookrix Publishers, Germany for their support in publication of the book.
Any suggestions for the improvement of the book are highly appreciated.
Dr. Lavanya Yaidikar
Contents
Chapter 1 – Introduction to Depression
Chapter 2 – History and Epidemiology of Depression
Chapter 3 – Etiology of Depression
Chapter 4 – Signs and Symptoms of Depression
Chapter 5 – Types of Depression
Chapter 6 – Pathophysiology of Depression
Chapter 7 – Diagnosis of Depression
Chapter 8 – Treatment of Depression
Chapter 9 – Herbal Remedies and Alternative Therapies for Depression
INTRODUCTION TO DEPRESSION
Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders with high mortality, morbidity and economic burden worldwide. Depression is considered as syndrome referring to a constellation of depressive symptoms and nosological category is a combination of misery and lethargy. Depression is heterogeneous disorder that affects ones mood, physical health and behavior. Patients with major depression have symptoms that reflect changes in brain monoamine neurotransmitters, specifically norepinephrine, serotonin and dopamine. According to International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) depression episodes are recognized as individual suffering from depressed or sad mood, showing loss of energy and diminished activity. Theoretical explanation of depression includes loss of interest, virtually in all activities, a significant reduction in productivity and negative impact on health.
Major depressive disorders have been traditionally considered as a neurochemical disorders etiologically. For decades depression has been linked particularly to disturbance in serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmitters. Major depression involves disturbance in emotional, cognitive, immune, autonomic and endocrine functions. Assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) chemistry, neuroendocrine response to pharmacological challenge, neuroreceptor and transporter binding revealed that depressive patients show abnormalities in serotonergic, noradrenergic