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    Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharmacological Terms with Ease
    Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharmacological Terms with Ease
    Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharmacological Terms with Ease
    Ebook156 pages1 hour

    Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharmacological Terms with Ease

    By Shmuel Goldstein

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    About this ebook

    Pharmacology is a subject that even the most brightest students often tend to struggle with. The biggest challenge that students often report while studying for this subject is their challenge with being with able to remember all the terms and their definitions. ,

    However, as any medical professional would know, not only is this subject cr

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherPulsePay
    Release dateJul 2, 2024
    ISBN9781960655202
    Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharmacological Terms with Ease

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      Book preview

      Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX - Shmuel Goldstein

      Memorizing Pharmacology for NCLEX: How to Memorize Pharamacological Terms with Ease

      Shmuel Goldstein MD

      Copyright © [2024] by [Shmuel Goldstein]

      All rights reserved.

      No portion of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher or author, except as permitted by U.S. copyright law.

      Contents

      Introduction

      1.Adrenergic Agonists

      2.Adrenergic Antagonists

      3.Cholinergic Agonists

      4.Cholinergic Antagonists

      5.Antiarrhythmics

      6.Antihypertensives

      7.Lipid Lowering Agents

      8.Opioid Analgesics

      9.Non Opioid Analgesics

      10.General Anesthetics

      11.Local Anesthetics

      12.Anti Psychotics

      13.Corticosteroids for Respiratory Conditions

      14.Antitussives

      15.Decongestants

      Introduction

      Pharmacology is a subject that even the most brightest students often tend to struggle with. The biggest challenge that students often report while studying for this subject is their challenge with being with able to remember all the terms and their definitions.

      However, as any medical professional would know, not only is this subject crucial to master to ace your exams, but is also super important for your skills in a career in medicine.

      In this book, we will cover relevant pharmacology terms, their definitions, and we will provide a way to memorize each term. Hence, this book will not only serve as an excellent tool for revision, but will also help you to remember terms that you were struggling with by offering unique and innovative memorization aids. You should feel free to use them, or create something of your own inspired by that, to remember all the important terms.

      With this, we wish you all the best for your exams, and hope you are able to use this book to it's optimal potential while preparing for them.

      Happy Learning!

      Chapter one

      Adrenergic Agonists

      Epinephrine

      Definition: Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone and neurotransmitter that plays a vital role in the fight or flight response. It increases heart rate, dilates airways, and mobilizes glucose for energy.

      How to memorize it: Think of epinephrine as the superhero hormone that prepares your body to fight off danger or run away from a threat - like having adrenaline for a rescue mission.

      Norepinephrine

      Definition: Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter that functions as both a hormone and a stress hormone. It is involved in the body's response to stress, promoting alertness, focus, and increasing blood pressure.

      How to memorize it: Remember norepinephrine as the neurotransmitter that keeps you sharp and attentive during stressful situations, like a natural caffeine boost for your brain.

      Phenylephrine

      Definition: Phenylephrine is a commonly used decongestant medication that constricts blood vessels in the nasal passages, leading to reduced swelling and congestion.

      How to memorize it: Picture phenylephrine as the traffic controller for your nasal passages, directing blood flow to clear the congestion and keep the airways open for smooth breathing.

      Isoproterenol

      Definition: Isoproterenol is a synthetic catecholamine that acts as a non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist, meaning it stimulates both beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors. It is used to increase heart rate and dilate bronchioles.

      How to memorize it: Imagine isoproterenol as the double trouble agent that revs up your heart like a sports car engine (beta-1 stimulation) and opens up your airways for better breathing (beta-2 stimulation).

      Dobutamine

      Definition: Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine with predominantly beta-1 adrenergic agonist effects. It is used to increase cardiac output in conditions such as heart failure or during certain types of shock.

      How to memorize it: Link dobutamine to boosting the heart's performance like a beta-1 specific trainer, pushing the heart muscle to work harder and pump more effectively in challenging situations.

      Albuterol

      Definition: Albuterol is a selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist commonly used as a bronchodilator to relieve bronchospasms in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

      How to memorize it: Associate albuterol with opening up the airways specifically (beta-2 selectivity), acting like a rescue inhaler that relaxes the muscles around the breathing tubes for easier breathing.

      Clonidine

      Definition: Clonidine is a centrally acting alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that reduces sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system, leading to decreased blood pressure and heart rate.

      How to memorize it: Connect clonidine with calming the body's fight or flight response by targeting alpha-2 receptors in the brain, acting as a soothing regulator to bring down high blood pressure and heart rate.

      Dopamine

      Definition: Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in reward-motivated behavior, motor control, and emotional responses. It is also a precursor to other catecholamines like norepinephrine and epinephrine.

      How to memorize it: Think of dopamine as the brain's pleasure messenger, delivering rewards for motivation and controlling movements, like the precursor to the adrenaline rush you feel in challenging situations.

      Terbutaline

      Definition: Terbutaline is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist used primarily to relax the smooth muscles of the airways in conditions like asthma and premature labor. It helps widen the bronchioles and delay preterm contractions.

      How to memorize it: Visualize terbutaline as the smooth muscle whisperer, calming the airway spasms in asthma attacks and slowing down premature contractions in labor, like a skilled relaxer for multiple muscle types.

      Ephedrine

      Definition: Ephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine that acts as a non-selective adrenergic agonist, stimulating both alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. It is used to raise blood pressure, dilate bronchioles, and promote weight loss.

      How to memorize it: Picture ephedrine as the all-in-one stimulator, revving up the body's engine by hitting both alpha and beta receptors, increasing alertness, expanding airways, and boosting metabolism for weight loss.

      Mirabegron

      Definition: Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist used to treat overactive bladder by relaxing the detrusor smooth muscle, which improves bladder capacity and reduces urinary urgency and frequency.

      How to memorize it: Imagine mirabegron as the bladder whisperer, calming the overactivity of bladder muscles by selectively targeting beta-3 receptors, allowing more storage room and reducing the urge to rush to the restroom.

      Oxymetazoline

      Definition: Oxymetazoline is a topical alpha-1 adrenergic agonist that constricts blood vessels in the nasal mucosa, providing relief from nasal congestion due to conditions like allergies or the common cold.

      How to memorize it: Link oxymetazoline to narrowing the blood vessels in the nose, acting like a nasal traffic controller that reduces congestion and opens the air passage for smoother breathing during stuffy nose episodes.

      Ritodrine

      Definition: Ritodrine is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is used to delay preterm labor by relaxing the uterine smooth muscle, thereby decreasing the frequency and intensity of contractions.

      How to memorize it: Associate ritodrine with buying time for the baby in premature labor, as the beta-2 specific hero that calms the uterine muscles, giving more breathing space before the final push towards delivery.

      Salbutamol

      Definition: Salbutamol, also known as albuterol, is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist commonly used in inhalers to relieve bronchospasms and improve airflow in conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

      How to memorize it: Connect salbutamol with opening up the airways specifically (beta-2 selectivity), acting as a rescue inhaler that relaxes the muscles around the breathing tubes for easier breathing during respiratory distress.

      Tamsulosin

      Definition: Tamsulosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) by relaxing the smooth muscles of the prostate and bladder neck, improving urinary flow.

      How to memorize it: Think of tamsulosin as the prostate's relaxation therapy, alleviating the squeeze on the urinary passage by blocking alpha-1 receptors, allowing for smoother urinary flow and reducing the symptoms of prostate enlargement.

      Midodrine

      Definition: Midodrine is a prodrug that is metabolized into an alpha-1 adrenergic agonist in the body, leading to vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure. It is used to manage orthostatic hypotension, improving blood flow to the brain.

      How to memorize it: Picture midodrine as the standing support medication, boosting blood pressure by tightening the blood vessels with alpha-1 activation, ensuring better blood flow to the brain when transitioning from sitting to standing.

      Dopexamine

      Definition: Dopexamine is a synthetic catecholamine with predominantly beta-2 adrenergic agonist effects, used to increase cardiac output and peripheral blood flow in conditions like heart failure or septic shock.

      How to memorize it: Link dopexamine to enhancing heart performance with beta-2 specificity, acting as the circulation coach that boosts blood flow and cardiac output in critical conditions like heart failure and septic shock.

      Xylometazoline

      Definition: Xylometazoline is a topical alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that constricts blood vessels in the nasal passages, providing quick relief from nasal congestion caused by allergies, sinusitis, or the common cold.

      How to memorize it: Connect xylometazoline to calming the nasal traffic, targeting alpha-2 adrenergic receptors to narrow blood vessels and clear the congested path, allowing for better airflow during bouts of nasal stuffiness.

      Formoterol

      Definition: Formoterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a maintenance treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to prevent bronchoconstriction and maintain open airways over an extended period.

      How to memorize it: Think of formoterol as the airway guardian that provides long-lasting protection by selectively stimulating beta-2 receptors, helping to keep the breathing passages open and prevent sudden asthma attacks or COPD exacerbations.

      Salmeterol

      Definition: Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is used in combination with corticosteroids to manage asthma and COPD. It works by relaxing the muscles of the airways and reducing inflammation to improve breathing.

      How to memorize

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