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    PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition: Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery
    PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition: Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery
    PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition: Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery
    Ebook233 pages1 hour

    PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition: Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery

    By Peter G

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    About this ebook

    Offering a detailed practical look at PostgreSQL 16's new features, "PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition" equips database administrators and developers to take advantage of the most recent developments. This edition provides in-depth coverage of enhanced logical replication, which now includes the ability to replicate from standby s

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherGitforGits
    Release dateAug 9, 2024
    ISBN9788119177479
    PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition: Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery

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      Book preview

      PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition - Peter G

      PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook

      Second Edition

      Solve challenges across scalability, performance optimization, essential commands, cloud provisioning, backup, and recovery

      Peter G

      Preface

      Offering a detailed practical look at PostgreSQL 16's new features, PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition equips database administrators and developers to take advantage of the most recent developments. Building on the foundation of version 15, this second edition with version 16 walks you through the enhancements that make PostgreSQL a game changer in the database world.

      This edition provides in-depth coverage of enhanced logical replication, which now includes the ability to replicate from standby servers. We provide detailed instructions for setting up these advanced replication configurations, allowing you to better distribute workloads and improve data availability. The optimization of concurrent bulk loading capabilities for faster data ingestion is another noteworthy addition. Another standout feature of PostgreSQL 16 is the expanded SQL/JSON syntax, which gives developers more control over JSON data management. Our book contains practical solutions and examples for using the new JSON functions and operators, which make it easier to store, query, and manipulate JSON data in your applications. We walk you through the process of configuring refined user roles and permissions, ensuring effective access control in complex environments. Additionally, the book teaches new monitoring capabilities introduced with the pg_stat_io view, which provide insights into I/O operations to help optimize performance.

      The book goes on to implement performance enhancements such as SIMD acceleration for processing ASCII and JSON strings, as well as the new load balancing feature, load_balance_hosts, which distributes traffic efficiently among multiple servers. The goal of this book is to provide you with the knowledge you need to successfully manage, optimize, and troubleshoot database environments by providing a deep-dive understanding of how to implement and benefit from PostgreSQL 16's latest features.

      In this book you will learn how to:

      Boost data availability and workload distribution using advanced logical replication techniques.

      Apply the SIMD acceleration to expedite the processing of ASCII and JSON strings.

      Make use of improved SQL/JSON syntax to manage complicated JSON data operations.

      Enhance efficiency and decrease query times by optimizing query performance with parallel execution.

      Utilize pg_stat_io for troubleshooting and monitoring I/O operations.

      Utilize Rust libraries like pgx and rust-postgres for easy integration with PostgreSQL.

      Distribute workload among numerous PostgreSQL instances by configuring load_balance_hosts.

      Simplify user role configurations and security with refined privilege management.

      Utilize pgBackRest and Barman to implement strong backup strategies.

      Optimize database performance using concurrent bulk loading.

      Prologue

      It is with great pleasure that I, as the author of PostgreSQL 16 Cookbook, Second Edition, join you on such a journey of addressing PostgreSQL flaws. PostgreSQL has long been regarded as a pillar of the open-source database community, known for its robustness, scalability, and extensibility. My goals in revising this book for a second time are to make it more up-to-date with the features and improvements in PostgreSQL 16 and to fix any mistakes or missing information from the original so that it is useful for database administration novices and experts alike.

      With great effort, I have integrated the new features and enhancements brought in by PostgreSQL 16, such as improved logical replication, which permits replication from standby servers. I explore these new possibilities for data availability and workload distribution in detail, giving you examples and solutions to help you implement them in your own environments. One of the most notable features of PostgreSQL 16 is the addition of SIMD acceleration, which significantly improves the performance of string processing tasks. I've dedicated an entire chapter to SIMD acceleration, demonstrating how to use this feature to optimize database operations, especially when dealing with large amounts of JSON and ASCII data. Through practical examples, I demonstrate the performance gains possible with SIMD, allowing you to maximize the potential of your hardware. I've expanded the security and access control sections to include enhancements, as well as tips for configuring user roles and privileges to effectively protect your data. This edition also covers advanced authentication methods like LDAP and SSL, giving you the knowledge you need to protect your databases from modern threats.

      Along with these updates, I've fixed the problems with the previous edition by breaking down tricky concepts and giving more thorough explanations where they were lacking. For example, the backup and recovery sections have been thoroughly revised to include new tools such as pgBackRest and Barman, which provide powerful solutions for point-in-time recovery and continuous archiving. I've included practical examples to help you set up reliable backup strategies, ensuring that you're prepared for any situation. I've also worked on integrating PostgreSQL with modern programming languages, particularly Rust. Rust's growing popularity in the systems programming community makes it an excellent choice for developing high-performance database applications. I've included examples from popular Rust libraries such as pgx and rust-postgres that show how you can use Rust's safety and concurrency features to create efficient and dependable database applications.

      My goal throughout this book is to give you a clear and practical understanding of PostgreSQL 16, allowing you to face the challenges of database management with confidence. Whether you're upgrading from PostgreSQL 15 or starting from scratch with version 16, this cookbook provides a wealth of information and insights to help you succeed. I've worked hard to make this second edition an indispensable resource for anyone working with PostgreSQL by filling in the gaps and inaccuracies of the previous edition and incorporating the most recent developments. Thank you for joining me on this journey, and I hope you find this edition useful and inspiring.

      Copyright © 2024 by GitforGits

      All rights reserved. This book is protected under copyright laws and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Any unauthorized reproduction, distribution, or transmission of this work may result in civil and criminal penalties and will be dealt with in the respective jurisdiction at anywhere in India, in accordance with the applicable copyright laws.

      Published by: GitforGits

      Publisher: Sonal Dhandre

      www.gitforgits.com

      [email protected]

      Printed in India

      First Printing: August 2024

      Cover Design by: Kitten Publishing

      For permission to use material from this book, please contact GitforGits at [email protected].

      Content

      Preface

      GitforGits

      Acknowledgement

      Chapter 1: Preparing PostgreSQL 16

      Introduction

      Recipe #1: Simplify PostgreSQL Architecture

      Core Components

      Auxiliary Processes

      Data Storage Objects

      Query Execution Process

      Practical Tips

      Recipe #2: Installing PostgreSQL 16.1 from Binaries

      Step-by-step Installation

      Post-Installation Configuration

      Verification and Testing

      Recipe #3: Installing PostgreSQL 16.1 from Source Code

      Step-by-step Installation

      Compile PostgreSQL

      Post-Installation Configuration

      Verification and Testing

      Recipe #4: Parsing Database Startup Logs

      Parsing PostgreSQL Logs

      Sample Program: Troubleshooting a Startup Error

      Recipe #5: Discovering PostgreSQL Database Structural Objects

      Key Structural Objects

      Tables

      Indexes

      Sequences

      Views

      Stored Procedures

      Discovering Structural Objects

      Sample Program: Analyzing Database Structure

      List All Tables

      Describe a Specific Table

      Identify Indexes

      Analyze Views

      Explore Stored Procedures

      Recipe #6: Understanding Use of Key Configuration Parameters

      Key Configuration Parameters

      shared_buffers

      work_mem

      maintenance_work_mem

      effective_cache_size

      max_connections

      checkpoint_timeout

      autovacuum

      wal_buffers

      Summary

      Chapter 2: Performing Basic PostgreSQL Operations

      Introduction

      Recipe #1: Exploring AdventureWorks Database

      Production Schema

      Sales Schema

      Purchasing Schema

      HumanResources Schema

      Person Schema

      dbo Schema

      Recipe #2: Selecting Right Database Schema

      Understanding PostgreSQL Schema Types

      Public Schema

      Private Schema

      Creating Schemas

      Moving Objects Between Schemas

      Benefits of using Schemas

      Recipe #3: Selecting Indexing Techniques

      Indexing Techniques in PostgreSQL

      B-tree Indexing

      Hash Indexing

      GiST Indexing (Generalized Search Tree)

      SP-GiST Indexing (Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree)

      GIN Indexing (Generalized Inverted Index)

      BRIN Indexing (Block Range INdex)

      Optimizing Database

      Optimize Sales Orders by Date

      Improve Full-Text Search on Product Descriptions

      Enhance Query Performance for Customer Lookups

      Recipe #4: Preparing Database Log Directory

      Setting up the Log Directory

      Using ‘logging_collector’

      Recipe #5: Using PostgreSQL TOAST

      Using TOAST

      Viewing TOASTed Data

      Recipe #6: Creating and Administering PostgreSQL Temporary Tables

      Creating Temporary Tables

      Sample Program: Performing Data Analysis

      Recipe #7: Using SELECT in WITH Queries

      Understanding CTEs

      Using Multiple CTEs

      Sample Program: Analyzing Sales Performance

      Recipe #8: Running Recursive Queries

      Understanding Recursive Queries

      Recursive Queries for Organizational Charts

      Sample Program: Exploring Product Categories

      Summary

      Chapter 3: PostgreSQL Cloud Provisioning

      Introduction

      Recipe #1: Create PostgreSQL AWS Instance and Manage Database Connection

      Configure RDS Instance

      Connect to RDS Instance using pgAdmin

      Launch and Connect EC2 Instance

      Recipe #2: Native Backup/Restore with AWS EC2 Instance

      Backup the Database

      Restore the Database from Backup

      Recipe #3: Natively Backup/Restore with AWS RDS Instance

      Create Manual Snapshot

      Restore from Snapshot and Verify Resoration

      Recipe #4: Manage Connection to Database on AWS

      Modify Security Group Rules

      Use PgBouncer

      Recipe #5: Perform Replication of Database on AWS

      Create a Read Replica

      Monitor Replication Performance

      Recipe #6: Run PostgreSQL Bi-directional Replication using pglogical

      Install pglogical Extension

      Configure Replication Nodes

      Create Replication Subscriptions

      Summary

      Chapter 4: Database Migration to Cloud and PostgreSQL

      Introduction

      Recipe #1: Migrating from On-Premise to AWS EC2/RDS Instance

      Create Database Backup

      Transfer Backup to AWS Environment

      Verify Migration

      Recipe #2: Utilizing AWS Data Migration Service (DMS)

      Setup AWS Environment

      Create Endpoints in AWS DMS Replication Instance

      Create Database Migration Task

      Recipe

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