Check if String Contains Substring in Python
This article will cover how to check if a Python string contains another string or a substring in Python. Given two strings, check whether a substring is in the given string.
Input: Substring = "geeks"
String="geeks for geeks"
Output: yes
Input: Substring = "geek"
String="geeks for geeks"
Output: yes
Explanation: In this, we are checking if the substring is present in a given string or not.
Python Substring in String
Checking a substring is one of the most used tasks in Python. Python uses many methods to check a string containing a substring like, find(), index(), count(), etc. The most efficient and fast method is by using an “in” operator which is used as a comparison operator. Here we will cover different approaches:
- Using the If-Else
- Using In Operator
- Checking using split() method
- Using find() method
- Using “count()” method
- Using index() method
- Using list comprehension
- Using lambda function
- Using __contains__” magic class.
- Using Slicing Function
- Using regular expressions
- using operator contains() method
Check Python Substring in String using the If-Else
In Python, you can check python substring in string is present using an if-else statement. The if-else statement allows you to conditionally execute different blocks of code based on whether the condition is true or false.
# Take input from users
MyString1 = "A geek in need is a geek indeed"
if "need" in MyString1:
print("Yes! it is present in the string")
else:
print("No! it is not present")
Output
Yes! it is present in the string
Time Complexity : O(n)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Checking Python Substring in String using In Operator
In Python, you can easily check if a substring is present in a given string using the in operator. The in operator is used to test whether a particular value (substring) exists within a sequence.
text = "Geeks welcome to the Geek Kingdom!"
if "Geek" in text:
print("Substring found!")
else:
print("Substring not found!")
if "For" in text:
print("Substring found!")
else:
print("Substring not found!")
Output
Substring found!
Substring not found!
Time Complexity : O(n)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Checking Python Substring in String using Split() method
Checking python substring in string is present or not using split(). First split the given string into words and store them in a variable s then using the if condition, check if a substring is present in the given string or not.
# input strings str1 and substr
string = "geeks for geeks" # or string=input() -> taking input from the user
substring = "geeks" # or substring=input()
# splitting words in a given string
s = string.split()
# checking condition
# if substring is present in the given string then it gives output as yes
if substring in s:
print("yes")
else:
print("no")
Output
Yes
Time Complexity : O(n + m)
Auxiliary Space : O(n)
Check Python Substring in String using Find() method
We can iteratively check for every word, but Python provides us an inbuilt function find() which checks if a substring is present in the string, which is done in one line. find() function returns -1 if it is not found, else it returns the first occurrence, so using this function this problem can be solved.
def check(string, sub_str):
if (string.find(sub_str) == -1):
print("NO")
else:
print("YES")
# driver code
string = "geeks for geeks"
sub_str = "geek"
check(string, sub_str)
Output
Yes
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in String using Count() Method
You can also count the number of occurrences of a specific substring in a string, then you can use the Python count() method. If the substring is not found then “yes ” will print otherwise “no will be printed”.
def check(s2, s1):
if (s2.count(s1) > 0):
print("YES")
else:
print("NO")
s2 = "A geek in need is a geek indeed"
s1 = "geeks"
check(s2, s1)
Output
No
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in string using Index() method
The Index() method returns the starting index of the substring passed as a parameter. Here “substring” is present at index 16.
any_string = "Geeks for Geeks substring "
start = 0
end = 1000
print(any_string.index('substring', start, end))
Output
16
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in String using List Comprehension
To check Python substring in string using list comprehension. Using list comprehension provides a concise way to check for a substring in a string and determine if it exists in any of the words.
s="geeks for geeks"
s2="geeks"
print(["yes" if s2 in s else "no"])
Output
['Yes']
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in String using Lambda Function
To check Python substring in string using lambda function. Using a lambda function provides a concise way to check for a substring in a string and determine if it exists in any of the words.
s="geeks for geeks"
s2="geeks"
x=list(filter(lambda x: (s2 in s),s.split()))
print(["yes" if x else "no"])
Output
['Yes']
Time Complexity : O(n + m)
Auxiliary Space : O(m)
Check Python Substring in String using the “__contains__” magic class.
To check python substring in string we use __contains__(). This method is used to check if the string is present in the other string or not.
a = ['Geeks-13', 'for-56', 'Geeks-78', 'xyz-46']
for i in a:
if i.__contains__("Geeks"):
print(f"Yes! {i} is containing.")
Output
Yes! Geeks-13 is containing.
Yes! Geeks-78 is containing.
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in String using Slicing
Check python substring in string using slicing. This implementation uses a loop to iterate through every possible starting index of the substring in the string, and then uses slicing to compare the current substring to the substring argument. If the current substring matches the substring argument, then the function returns True otherwise returns False.
def is_substring(string, substring):
for i in range(len(string) - len(substring) + 1):
if string[i:i+len(substring)] == substring:
return True
return False
string = "A geeks in need is a geek indeed"
substring = "geeks"
print(is_substring(string,substring))
Output
True
Time Complexity : O(n*m)
where n is the length of the string argument and m is the length of the substring argument. This is because the function uses a loop to iterate through every possible starting index of the substring in the string and then uses slicing to compare the current substring to the substring argument. In the worst case, the loop will iterate n-m+1 times, and each slice operation takes O(m) time, resulting in a total time complexity of O((n-m+1)m) = O(nm).
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check Python Substring in String using Regular Expression
In Python, you can check python substring in string is present using regular expressions. Regular expressions provide powerful pattern matching capabilities, allowing you to define complex search patterns for substring matching. Here’s how you can use regular expressions to check for a substring in a string.
import re
MyString1 = "A geek in need is a geek indeed"
if re.search("need", MyString1):
print("Yes! it is present in the string")
else:
print("No! it is not present")
Output
Yes! it is present in the string
Time Complexity: O(n), where n is the length of the input string.
Space Complexity: O(1), as we are not using any additional space
Check Python Substring in String using operator.contains() method
This Approach Used operator.contains() method to check whether the substring is present in string If the condition is True print yes otherwise print no
#Python program to check if a substring is present in a given string
import operator as op
s="geeks for geeks"
s2="geeks"
if(op.contains(s,s2)):
print("yes")
else:
print("no")
Output
Yes
Time Complexity : O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(1)
Check if String Contains Substring in Python – FAQs
How to check if a string contains an exact substring in Python?
To check if a string contains an exact substring, you can use the in keyword:
main_string = "Hello, world!"
substring = "world"
# Check if substring is in main_string
if substring in main_string:
print("Substring found!")
else:
print("Substring not found.")
How to check if a string contains a list of substrings?
To check if a string contains any of a list of substrings, you can use a loop or a generator expression with the any function:
main_string = "Hello, world!"
substrings = ["world", "Python", "Hello"]
# Check if any of the substrings are in main_string
if any(sub in main_string for sub in substrings):
print("At least one substring found!")
else:
print("No substrings found.")
How to check if a string starts with a substring in Python?
To check if a string starts with a particular substring, you can use the startswith() method:
main_string = "Hello, world!"
substring = "Hello"
# Check if main_string starts with substring
if main_string.startswith(substring):
print("String starts with the substring.")
else:
print("String does not start with the substring.")
How to check if a string ends with a substring in Python?
To check if a string ends with a particular substring, you can use the endswith() method:
main_string = "Hello, world!"
substring = "world!"
# Check if main_string ends with substring
if main_string.endswith(substring):
print("String ends with the substring.")
else:
print("String does not end with the substring.")
How to check if a substring repeats in a string in Python?
To check if a substring repeats in a string, you can use the count() method to see if the substring appears more than once:
main_string = "Hello, world! Hello again!"
substring = "Hello"
# Check if substring repeats in main_string
if main_string.count(substring) > 1:
print("Substring repeats in the string.")
else:
print("Substring does not repeat in the string.")
