How to create image slider using HTML CSS and JavaScript ?

Create an Autoplay Carousel using HTML CSS and JavaScript

Last Updated : 23 Aug, 2024

An Autoplay Carousel is a dynamic UI element that automatically cycles through a series of images or content slides, providing a visually engaging way to display information. It enhances user experience by showcasing multiple items in a limited space without manual navigation. This can be implemented using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

Prerequisites:

Approach

HTML Structure: The HTML structure consists of a .carousel container holding .carousel-item elements, each containing a background image.
CSS – Carousel Container: The .carousel is styled with a fixed size and overflow: hidden, positioning child items for sliding functionality.
CSS – Slide Positioning: The .carousel-item elements are absolutely positioned outside the view (left: 100%) and slide into view when activated.
CSS – Active Slide Transition: The .carousel-item.active moves into view (left: 0) with a smooth 0.3s transition, enabling seamless slide transitions.
JavaScript – Initial Slide Activation: The first slide is initialized as active using addActive(slides[0]), making it visible when the page initially loads.
JavaScript – Automatic Slide Cycling: The setInterval function cycles through slides every 1.5 seconds, removing active from the current slide and activating the next.

Example: This example describes the basic implementation of the the autoplay carousel using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

HTML

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <title>Autoplay Carousel</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>

<body>
    <div class="carousel">
        <div class="carousel-item">
            <div class="slide-image"
                style="background-image: 
url('https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/img-practice/banner/mern-full-stack-development-classroom-thumbnail.png?v=19625');">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="carousel-item">
            <div class="slide-image"
                style="background-image: 
url('https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/img-practice/banner/dsa-to-development-coding-guide-thumbnail.png?v=19625');">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="carousel-item">
            <div class="slide-image"
                style="background-image: 
url('https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/img-practice/banner/geeks-classes-live-thumbnail.png?v=19625');">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="carousel-item">
            <div class="slide-image"
                style="background-image: 
url('https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/img-practice/banner/gate-crash-course-2024-thumbnail.png?v=19625');">
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <script src="./script.js"></script>
</body>

</html>

CSS

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

.carousel {
    position: relative;
    width: 270px;
    height: 160px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #cdcdcd;
}

.carousel-item .slide-image {
    width: 270px;
    height: 160px;
    background-size: cover;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

.carousel-item {
    position: absolute;
    width: 100%;
    height: 270px;
    border: none;
    top: 0;
    left: 100%;
}

.carousel-item.active {
    left: 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease-out;
}

.carousel-item div {
    height: 100%;
}

.red {
    background-color: red;
}

.green {
    background-color: green;
}

.yellow {
    background-color: yellow;
}

.violet {
    background-color: violet;
}

JavaScript

window.onload = function () {
    let slides = 
        document.getElementsByClassName('carousel-item');

    function addActive(slide) {
        slide.classList.add('active');
    }

    function removeActive(slide) {
        slide.classList.remove('active');
    }

    addActive(slides[0]);
    setInterval(function () {
        for (let i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
            if (i + 1 == slides.length) {
                addActive(slides[0]);
                setTimeout(removeActive, 350, slides[i]);
                break;
            }
            if (slides[i].classList.contains('active')) {
                setTimeout(removeActive, 350, slides[i]);
                addActive(slides[i + 1]);
                break;
            }
        }
    }, 1500);
};

Output:

How to create image slider using HTML CSS and JavaScript ?

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