Oncolytic viruses exploit key hallmarks of cancer for replication in malignant cells, leading to tumor cell lysis, modulation of the tumor microenvironment and in situ vaccination effects. Diverse virus platforms have been developed as oncolytic vectors and designed for improved tumor specificity, intratumoral spread, therapeutic gene delivery and especially as targeted cancer immunotherapeutics. This chapter provides a concise overview of the basic principles as well as current progress in preclinical and clinical studies of oncolytic virotherapy.
Keywords: Cancer gene therapy; Cancer immunotherapy; Oncolytic viruses; Tumor targeting; Viral vectors.